Vasily is dirty in the Crimea. Basil is dirty. See what "Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich" is in other dictionaries

Historical and publicistic almanac "Moscow-Crimea" No. 1, Moscow 2000

From the dramatic and mysterious era of Ivan the Terrible to our time, not many written testimonies have survived. Numerous fires of the 16th-17th centuries, neglect of old documents in the 18th and even 19th centuries led to the loss of many valuable sources stored in state archives. From the private archives of that time, only grains have come down to us. Many documents, chronicles, narratives of foreigners were distorted by later scribes, published according to faulty or incomplete lists, which makes it very difficult to work with them. All the more valuable are sources that have been preserved, if not in their original form, then close to the original and representing a coherent text, and not fragments or retelling of a later author. Among them is the unique correspondence of Tsar Ivan the Terrible with the oprichny duma nobleman Vasily Grigorievich Gryazny. It consists of three letters. The first is a letter from Ivan the Terrible to V.G. Dirty, who was in the Crimean captivity. It is a response to the unpreserved first letter of Gryaznoy to the tsar, but by the content of the tsar's answer, in general, one can judge what the "polonyanik Vasyuk" wrote for the first time. The other two are Vasily Gryazny's letters - in response to the tsar's message and "message", with a message about the events taking place in the Crimea and his role in these events. The correspondence was preserved as part of the Crimean embassy books and was first introduced into scientific circulation by N.M. Karamzin. However, the complete and currently the only edition was carried out only in 1922 by P.A. Sadikov.

Unlike the famous correspondence between Ivan the Terrible and Prince Andrei Mikhailovich Kurbsky, which was intended for a wide audience, the correspondence with Vasily Gryazny is private. This attracted scientists who sought in the writings of both authors a reflection of their views and positions expressed in a private dialogue between the sovereign and the subject. At the same time, the main attention was paid to the perception by the tsar and the guardsman of the absolutist ideology of Grozny. We carefully considered the style of the works, first of all, the tsar's epistle, which depicts the diversity of Ivan the Terrible as a writer. At the same time, Gryaznoy's letters remained, as it were, in the shadows. If the message of Ivan the Terrible to Vasily Gryazny after the publication of P.A. Sadikov was repeatedly reprinted, then the first letter of V.G. Dirty has been re-released twice and the second has been re-released once. Accordingly, the Crimean theme was practically not studied during the analysis of this correspondence, and there are still great opportunities here.

Oprichnik Vasily Grigorievich Gryaznoy is a well-known figure in the political history of Russia in the 16th century. According to the pedigree of the painting of the Gryaznys, filed on May 18, 1686, with the Chamber of Genealogical Affairs under the Discharge Order, their ancestor "Stenya" left for Russia from Venice. A similar beginning is typical for the vast majority of noble genealogies submitted to the Razryad. Further, generational painting, starting from the 15th century, already sets out quite plausible information. The Rostov boyar Ilya Borisovich is shown as the grandson of the legendary "Stenya", whose activities can be traced according to the documents of the Gryazny family archive, submitted by them to the Discharge. Most likely, even his father Boris moved from the service of the Rostov princes to the service of Vasily I Dmitrievich. Ilya Borisovich served the Grand Dukes Vasily II and Ivan III and repeatedly received letters of grant from them for estates and duties in Rostov and other lands. In 1480, he participated in the embassy of the Rostov Archbishop Vassian to the rebellious brothers of Ivan III, Andrei Uglitsky and Boris Volotsky. The descendants of the boyar Ilya Borisovich served in the destinies. His grandson Grigory Vasilyevich Gryaznoy-Ilyin initially served Dmitry Ivanovich Uglitsky, then Vasily III, and in 1519 was already in the service of Prince Andrei Ivanovich Staritsky. Thus, Ivan the Terrible greatly exaggerated when speaking about the artistry of the Gryaznys and calling people like Vasily Gryaznoy "sufferers." The Gryazny-Iliny family belonged to the number of descendants of fairly large feudal lords, who were pushed aside from power by service in appanages.

In the service of the Staritsky princes, the young Vasily Grigorievich, the son of Grigory Vasilyevich, also began his career. Ivan the Terrible directly points to this in his message: “And if you would remember your Majesty and your father, the fatherland in Oleksin - other people like that also went to the villages, and you in the village near Peninsky were little other than hunters with dogs.” Aleksin until 1566 was in the inheritance of Prince Vladimir Andreevich Staritsky. Judging by the words of the tsar, young Vasily Gryaznoy was "little that is not in the kennels" of the boyar and the butler of the old princes, Prince Yu.A. Peninsky, who was in charge of the stanitsa service. Together with Aleksin, V.G. also moved to the royal service. Dirty and, apparently, was immediately enrolled in the guardsmen. In 1566, he was among the guarantors for the oprichny governors of Prince. I.P. Okhlyabinin and Z.I. Ochin-Pleshcheev. In the Livonian campaign of 1567, Vasily Gryaznoy was one of the leaders in the sovereign's regiment. Together with him, the future outstanding figures of the oprichnina - M. Skuratov and R.V. Alferiev. Soon Gryaznoy entered the tsar's closest circle of oprichnina. June 19, 1568, together with the gunsmith Prince. A.I. Vyazemsky and Malyuta Skuratov Gryaznoy was sent by the tsar to take away the wives and daughters of servicemen and merchants of the zemshchina. Numerous descriptions by foreign contemporaries of the violence and depravity that reigned at the court of Ivan the Terrible leave no doubt that both the tsar himself and the executors of his will took part in the orgy that ensued. In the same year, Vasily Gryaznoy, like other "principles of the tsar", opposed Metropolitan Philip, who demanded the abolition of the oprichnina, "I try to expel him from the throne." In 1569, together with Malyuta Skuratov, Gryaznoy took an active part in the "trial" and reprisals against Prince Vladimir Staritsky and his family.

By 1570 V.G. Gryaznoy and M. Skuratov took a leading position in the oprichnina leadership. They managed to topple the former oprichnina leadership in the person of A.D. and F.A. Basmanov and Prince. A.I. Vyazemsky. In 1570, Vasily Gryaznoy was mentioned as a duma nobleman "from the oprichnina". A joker, a joker, a desperate man who did not disdain anything in the execution of royal orders, Gryaznoy came to the court of Ivan the Terrible. The correspondence between the tsar and the oprichnik resurrects before us the atmosphere of fun and a kind of "black" humor that reigned in the oprichnina, well known from other sources. However, the favor of V.G. Dirty was short-lived. In September 1571, he was mentioned among the nobles in the royal camp in the royal campaign to Serpukhov. But in November 1571 he was not invited to the royal wedding with Martha Sobakina. In the campaign against Paida in the spring of 1572, Gryaznoy, like Skuratov, was among the nobles "of the boyars". But after the death of Malyuta, who died under the walls of Paida, Gryaznoy and his relatives were expelled from the Oprichnina Duma. V.F. Oshanin-Ilyin was appointed to the province in Paidu, then arrested, taken to Moscow and executed. G.B. Gryaznoy and N.G. Gryaznoi were executed, with the latter being burned alive. Vasily Gryaznoy was assigned to Narva, and from there he was sent to the voivodeship to the Donets with his head Vasily Aleksandrovich Stepanov. In this service, during reconnaissance in the steppe, V.G. Dirty and was captured by the Tatars.

Upon learning that a duma nobleman and close tsar was captured by them, the Tatars decided to exchange him for the famous Crimean commander Divey-Murza, who was taken prisoner in the Battle of Molodi on July 30, 1572, or to give him for a huge ransom - 100,000 rubles. The content of these requirements was conveyed by Vasily Gryaznoy in his first message. This letter provoked a rebuke from the tsar, written, in the words of Gryaznoy, "cruelly and mercifully." N.M. Karamzin believed that in this letter the tsar was mocking his former favorite. According to P.A. Sadikov, there was nothing mocking in Grozny's letter. The tsar scolded and taught Gryaznoy like a child, but at the same time he took care of him: he sent a salary and through the messenger I. Myasoedov ordered to tell the captive that “the sovereign granted his son an estate and ordered him to arrange a monetary salary; and for Vasya the sovereign will grant a payback to give orders up to a thousand and up to one and a half and up to two thousand rubles, and more (b) that Vasya will pay for myself without giving, but there is no Polonian in Moscow that mile away, like Vasya ... ". The same point of view was held by S.B. Veselovsky, pointing out the business nature of the letter and the fact that the promise to give 2,000 rubles for Gryazny was a great favor.

Other scholars paid great attention to Grozny's style, noting the hidden dialogue in the tsar's message and his typical style of ironic questions. The letter to Gryaznoy reflected Ivan the Terrible's ability to adapt to the style of the addressee; of all the royal writings, it contains the largest number of colloquial phrases. According to D.S. Likhachev, the style of the tsar's letter to Gryaznoy "resurrects the tone of a cheerful joke that was adopted between them at the table, but in a completely different setting for Gryaznoy, ... thanks to which Ivan the Terrible's playful tone turns into sinister irony" . The presence of malicious irony in the royal letter to Gryaznoy is undeniable. However, one should not forget the noted P.A. Sadikov the fact that Ivan the Terrible at the same time encouraged his former favorite, saying that he had taken care of his family and sending him a salary. The unprecedented demand of the “sufferer” Vasyushka Gryazny to exchange him for one of the best Crimean commanders, Divey-Murza, combined with the fact that Gryaznoy was actually in disgrace at the time of his capture, could lead to other consequences. So, in 1566, Ivan the Terrible sent back to Lithuania Polonian children of the boyars V. Rzhevsky and I. Norovaty because "those sufferers promised exchange for themselves not according to their verst, but were called ... boyars ...".

The style and content of Vasily Gryaznoy's letter is no less interesting than Grozny's. The guardsman's letter is a lengthy response to all the tsar's accusations, which is similar to the traditions of the tsar's correspondence with Kurbsky, in which the authors maintained a constant dialogue. In addition to the fact that V.G. Gryaznoy firmly rejects all the tsar's accusations and shows himself to be his faithful and zealous servant, not sparing his life for the sovereign, it is noteworthy that he uses the metaphors proposed by Grozny for his answers. So, to the sarcastic comparison of Grozny with a hare hunt, which reminds the guardsman of his early service in huntsmen (“you expected that you went on a detour with dogs for hares - even the Crimeans tied you into a torok”), Vasily Gryaznoy contrasts his desperate resistance: “yes, a hare , sovereign, not a single dog will bite, but the tongue, your serf, has been bitten by a man over himself to death, and wounded twenty and two. Another ironic prick of the tsar’s message: “Did you expect that it’s the same in the Crimea as I have jokes standing behind food?”, The guardsman transforms it into a completely different plane, comparing his service as a joker and joker with the service of a warrior and the suffering of a captive: “Yaz joked , your serf, you, sovereign, at the table amuse you, sovereign, - and now I am dying for God and for you, sovereign, and for your princes. This circumstance was noted by D.S. Likhachev, who wrote: “Reading the correspondence of Vasyutka Gryazny and Ivan the Terrible, you forget that both were separated by a huge distance for that time, that letters were delivered with difficulty and reached after many months. Before us is a free conversation, like a recorded conversation: masters of dashing fun , a joker and a joker, a "temporary" person - and a king, poisonous, cruelly ironic, who knew how to play a role and play a simple and fair person.

Particular attention has always been attracted by the apology for the absolutism of Ivan the Terrible, contained in the message of Gryaznoy: "You, sir, are like God, both small and great." These words bear a direct resemblance to Grozny: "And I am free to pay my lackeys, but they are free to execute them ...". In these words, Gryaznoy saw both the baseness of his soul (N.M. Karamzin), and the ideology of the bulk of the nobility, who were entirely dependent on the sovereign and sought to replace the traitorous boyars (V.O. Klyuchevsky), and outward respect, combined with a feeling own dignity (V.B. Kobrin), and the servile trick of a favorite who fell into disfavor (R.G. Skrynnikov). It is hardly necessary to evaluate these words as something special. Such a view was typical of the service masses of the second half of the 16th century. Many parochial formulas (let us recall that for a long time, thanks to V.O. Klyuchevsky, localism was considered the support of the aspirations and ideology of the noble boyars) of the 16th-17th centuries. almost textologically repeat the words of Gryaznoy. "God is free in this, yes the sovereign: whom he will do to the great, but the small," - said in 1584 the most noble Gediminovich boyar, Prince. T.R. Trubetskoy.

Gryaznoy's first letter contains a small amount of information regarding the Crimea. Perhaps the most important of them is the message about the famine in the Crimea: "and bread is expensive - three thousand batmans (a measure of weight - S.Sh.) - and they won’t get to buy, and the animal died out and the horses died out and they won’t get dead ".

The second, "message", letter from V.G. Gryaznoy, received in Moscow simultaneously with the first one, on March 24, 1576, already contains more information regarding the history of the Crimean Khanate and Russian-Crimean relations. However, before proceeding to their consideration, attention should be paid to the position of Vasily Gryaznoy in the Crimea. Gryaznoy himself repeatedly wrote that he was in very difficult conditions - in "kadams" (fetters), hunger and nakedness. This was not entirely true. The high rank of Gryaznoy contributed to the fact that the Crimeans did not keep him as a simple prisoner. Moreover, Khan Devlet-Girey, pinning certain hopes on Gryaznoy's stay in the Crimea, his profitable exchange or ransom, allowed the Polonyanik to diplomatic negotiations with Moscow envoys and messengers. This also coincided with the plans of Gryazny himself, who tried with all his might to show a "direct service". In 1577, unexpectedly for the Moscow messengers, E.L. Rzhevsky and I. Myasoedov, Vasily Gryaznoy was with them at the reception of the Khan and was, along with everyone else, granted a "golden atlas". Polonyanik aspired to play the role of a supernumerary diplomat, in which he was supported by the Crimean court. In the "message" letter, Gryaznoy reported that the khan consulted with him about the conditions for concluding peace between Moscow and the Crimea: "is it at the commemoration, dei, or, dei, in Kazan and Astrakhan?" To which Gryaznoy, in his words, resolutely rejected the idea of surrendering Kazan and Astrakhan and confirmed that the tsar "had a Miritsa at the wake." Probably, the diplomatic activity of Gryaznoy was not limited to the described case. She received the approval of the khan, who was about to let the Polonian go, "granting a dress ... because he had taken a good deed upon himself."

In Moscow, unauthorized intervention by V.G. Gryazny in the diplomatic sphere, on the contrary, caused deep displeasure. Ivan the Terrible wrote to the khan in 1578 that "Vasya Gryaznoy is a Polonian and a young man, and between us he does such great deeds and is unsuitable for such things." In the order to the envoy to the Crimea, Prince. The tsar ordered V. Mosalsky to tell Gryaznoy, if he tries to interfere in the negotiations, "what a fool he is - who told him to be in that case."

In addition, Gryaznoy sought to play the role of an informer for the tsar and maintained contacts with Moscow diplomats in the Crimea. The mention in his first letter that he had previously sent three letters to the king is not entirely clear. P.A. Sadikov considered this a fiction of the author, pointing out that the surviving letter is a detailed response to the royal message. Another aspect of Gryaznoy's activities in the Crimea was establishing contacts with other Russian Polonians. He twice mentions the polonyaniki, the boyar children, who "were with him." Another polonyanik, serf book. I.F. Mstislavsky Kostya, lived with Gryaznoy for five weeks. Vasily Gryaznoy also tried to convey the Crimean news to the tsar through Polonyaniki, however, not entirely successfully. The news he conveyed about the Khan's impending raid "on the sovereign's Ukraine across the blue ice" turned out to be false. The tsar ordered that the Polonians who had passed on this news be imprisoned "for theft." It is known that Gryaznoy contributed to the ransom of Polonyaniki. In 1578 Prince Mustafa wrote to Moscow that V.G. Gryaznoy vouched for four boyar children in 440 rubles and asked to pay this money, but was refused.

Ultimately, the unauthorized diplomatic activity of Vasily Gryazny not only harmed him in the eyes of the Moscow government, but also served as the reason for his detention in captivity after reaching an agreement in principle on his ransom for 2000 rubles on March 10, 1577.

It is in the light of this that Gryaznoy's "message" letter should be considered. We have mentioned above Gryaznoy's valuable testimony regarding the demands of the Khans of Kazan and Astrakhan. On the Russian side, this clause of the peace terms was resolutely rejected after the defeat of Devlet Giray under Molodi in 1572, but the Crimean Khan did not want to part with the idea of establishing his dominance in Kazan and Astrakhan. Another important testimony of Gryaznoy is the desire of Murad III to depose Devlet-Girey and establish his father-in-law from the dynasty of Astrakhan khans in the Crimea. However, Gryaznoy's well-known penchant for exaggeration and ability to convey misinformation make one wary of this news. The historian of the Crimean Khanate V.D. Smirnov did not know this fact. In his work, he wrote that Devlet Giray had friendly relations with Murad III.

The peculiar position of a Polonian diplomat, which V.G. Dirty in the Crimea, was not something exceptional. The practice of Russian-Crimean diplomatic relations in the 16th-17th centuries. knows many examples when ambassadors were robbed, imprisoned and even tortured. At the same time, the Crimea was not an alien, unknown land for the Russians. Trade relations with the Crimea and Turkey were established already in the second half of the 15th century. A large number of Russians were captured in the Crimea. The position of the Polonians was different - some were sold to galleys in Turkey and other countries, others were used as labor, tortured, and kept in prisons. But there were also those who sought a better position and did not want to return to Russia. Many of them "besurmanized" - converted to Islam. Special agreements (albeit not always respected) between the Moscow sovereign and the Crimean khan guaranteed immunity to merchants and people who came to the Crimea to search for and ransom their relatives.

Vasily Gryazny, most likely, was never destined to return to his homeland. Khan reported that he was going to release Gryaznoy after the ransom, giving him gifts, but decided to detain him until "as your ambassadors will be big." Possibly, at the last moment, the khan decided to extract some benefit from Gryaznoy's further stay in the Crimea. From that moment on, the news about Vasily Gryaznoy disappears from the documents and his further fate is unclear. However, his lively voice is conveyed to us by archival documents containing evidence of many dramatic destinies of people in the distant 16th century.

S.Yu. Shokarev

Notes

1. RGDA. F.123 (Relations with the Crimea) No. 14. Ll.214ob-217ob.
2. Sadikov P.A. Tsar and Oprichnik (Ivan the Terrible and Vasily Gryaznoy and their correspondence 1574-1576 // Century. Part 1. Pg. 1922. P. 73-78.
3. Sadikov P.A. Essays on the history of the oprichnina. M;L, 1950.S.530,531; Messages of Ivan the Terrible / Preparatory work. text by D.S. Likhachev and Ya.S. Lurie. Ed. Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR V.P. Andrianova-Peretz. M; L, 1950. S. 193, 194, 370, 371; Message from Ivan the Terrible to Vasily Gryaznoy / Preparatory work. text and notes by Ya.S. Lurie.
4. Sadikov P.A. Essays on the history of the oprichnina. pp.532-539; Messages of Ivan the Terrible ... S.566-569
5. Baranov K.V. New evidence of the rebellion of the specific princes and the role of Rostov in the events of 1480//History and culture of the Rostov land. 1992. Rostov 1993. P. 119-128; Baranov K.V. Rostov ancestors of the oprichnik//History and culture of the Rostov land. 1993. Rostov, 1994. P. 80-85; Antonov A.V. Genealogical paintings of the end of the 17th century. M., 1996. S. 139, 140.
6. Biographical information about Gryaznoy is contained in the following works: Sadikov P.A. Tsar and oprichnik. pp.43-57; Veselovsky S.B. Studies on the history of the oprichnina. M., 1963. S. 214,215; Skrynnikov R.G. The reign of terror SPb., 1992 S. 377, 438; Baranov K.V. Gryaznoy Vasily Grigorievich // Domestic History. History of Russia from ancient times to 1917. T.1 S.648, 649.
7. Bit book 1475-1598 / Preparing. text input. Art. and ed. IN AND. Bulganov. Rep. ed. Academician M.N. Tikhomirov. M. 1966. S. 228 (hereinafter RK 1475-1598).
8. Roginsky M.G. Message of Johann Taube and Elert Kruse//Russian Historical Journal. Pg. 1922. Book 8. S.41,42.
9. Staden G. About Moscow of Ivan the Terrible. Notes of a German oprichnik / Per. and entry.Art. I.I. Stripe. M., 1925. S.97.
10. RK 1475-1598. P.250.
11. Sadikov P.A. Decree op. p.54
12. Veselovsky S.B. Decree op. P.215.
13. Schmidt S.O. Notes on the language of the messages of Ivan the Terrible // Proceedings of the Department of Old Russian Literature. T.XIV. M.; L., 1958. S. 260; Likhachev D.S., Panchenko A.M., Ponyrko N.V. Laughter of Ancient Russia. L., 1984. S.34,35.
14. Collection of the Russian Historical Society. T.71. S.460, 461.
15. Likhachev D.S. The style of the Ivan the Terrible and the style of the Kurbsky’s works (the tsar and the “traitor of the sovereign” // Correspondence of Ivan the Terrible and Andrei Kurbsky / Text prepared by Y.S. Lurie and Yu.D. Rykov. M., 1993. S. 195.
16. Correspondence of Ivan the Terrible and Andrei Kurbsky. P.26.
17. Klyuchevsky V.O. Boyar Duma of Ancient Russia. M., 1994. C.377,338
18. Kobrin V.G. Ivan the Terrible. S. 153.
19. Skrynnikov R.G. Decree. op. S. 439.
20. Schmidt S.O. At the origins of Russian absolutism. Study of the socio-political history of the time of Ivan the Terrible. M., 1996. P.361.
21. Sadikov P.A. Decree op. pp.54-56.
22. Sadikov P.A. Decree op. P.72.
23. Sadikov P.A. Decree op. S.69,70.
24. Smirnov V.D. The Crimean Khanate under the rule of the Ottoman port until the beginning of the 18th century. SPb., 1887. P. 436.
25. Berezhkov M.N. Russian captives and slaves in the Crimea / Proceedings of the VI Archaeological Congress in Odessa (1884). T.II. Odessa. 1888. S.355-359; Schmidt S.O. Russian polonyaniki in the Crimea and the system of their ransom in the middle of the 16th century Novoselsky. M., 1961. S.30-34.
26. Sadikov P.A. Decree op. p.56
27. Son V.G. Dirty - Timofey Vasilyevich - was one of the prominent figures of the Time of Troubles. In 1600 was a bailiff at the disgraced prince. I.V. Svitsky. In 1609 participated in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow Tsar Vasily Shuisky from the throne, then fled to Tushino. He swore allegiance to Prince Vladislav and received from him the rank of okolnichi, but after the liberation of Moscow from the Poles, he was deprived of okolnichestvo and lands granted to him by False Dmitry II and Prince Vladislav. No less famous is the fourth cousin of T.V. Dirty - Mikhail Molchanov - warlock and favorite of False Dmitry I; one of the authors of the intrigue of False Dmitry II. In 1609 received the rank of roundabout from False Dmitry II, then served the Poles and was killed by the rebellious Muscovites in 1611. S.B. Veselovsky points to the vitality of the traditions of political adventurism in the Gryazny family - in 1634. son T.V. Dirty Boris changed and fled from Smolensk to Lithuania (Veselovsky S.B. Decree. Op. P. 216). Rod V.G. Gryaznoy apparently came to an end with the death of his great-grandson Ivan Vasilievich, whose sister Stepanida was married to a devious prince. Yu.N. Baryatinsky, who distinguished himself in suppressing the uprising of Stepan Razin. Another line of the family is the descendants of the guardsman G.B. Gryaznoy - in 1824. were included in the sixth part of the genealogical book of the Tver province.

1574. Letter from Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible to the Duma nobleman Vasily Grigorievich Gryazny
From the Tsar and Grand Duke Ivan Vasilyevich of All Russia to Vasily Grigorievich Gryazny Ilyin. What did you write, that by sin they took you into captivity - it was different Vasyushka, without a way in the middle of the Crimean uluses you can’t stop by: and already stopped by - it wasn’t a bypass to sleep: you hoped that you came to the detour with dogs for hares - even Crimeans you yourself have been tied into a torok. Ali, you looked forward to what is like in the Crimea, how do I stand behind a meal of jokes? The Crimeans do not sleep like you, but you jerk off, they know how to catch and they don’t say that, having reached a foreign land, but it’s time for houses. If only the Crimeans were like that, like you zhonki - it was different and you wouldn’t be across the river, not only to Moscow. And what do you say, a great man - otherwise, because of my sin, it was done (and how can we hide it?), That our father and our princes and boyars taught us to change, and we brought you, the sufferers, closer, although we want service and truth from you. And if you remembered your majesty and your father in Oleksin - some of them also traveled to the villages, and you in the village near Peninsky were little more than hunters with dogs, and your former ones served with the Rostov lords. And we don’t lock ourselves up that you were close to us. And we will give you two thousand rubles to approach you, and before now there were such fifty rubles; but a hundred thousand, besides sovereigns, do not receive paybacks on anyone, and, apart from sovereigns, they do not give such paybacks on anyone. And if you were a young man, otherwise they wouldn’t ask Divey for you. And Diveya tells the tsar that he is a young man, and he doesn’t want a hundred thousand rubles for you past Diveya: Diveya luts him a hundred thousand rubles, and for his son for Diveev he gave his daughter, and the Nogai prince and Murza are all his brothers; Divey had plenty of his own like you, Vasya. Oprich had no one to change Divey for Prince Semyon Punkov; ano and Prince Mikhail Vasilyevich Glinsky had something to change for appropriation; otherwise it’s hard to change Divey at the present time. You, having come out full, will not bring the Tatars nor catch, how many Divey Kristyan will captivate. And you, after all, will be exchanged for Diveya not for Christianity - for Christianity: you alone will be free, but when you arrive with your injury you will lie, and Divey will teach you how to fight and a few hundred Christian Lutchi will captivate you. What will be the profit in that? If you promised me that I was not comfortable and wrote what was not in moderation, and then how to give it? You can’t help the Christians - to ruin the Christians, what to do with an incomparable measure. And what will be according to your measure, exchange or payback, and we will welcome you. And if you become a Christian for pride - otherwise Christ is your enemy.

1576. The first letter from the Duma nobleman Vasily Grigorievich Gryazny to Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible from the Crimean captivity
Sovereign Tsar and Grand Duke Ivan Vasilievich of all Russia, your poor serf Vasyuk, the dirty weeper. Thou didst write, sir, to me, my serf, which was the devil for me in the middle of the Crimean uluses not to call in, but to drive in - otherwise it was not on the bypass bed; yes, dei, I hoped that in a detour with dogs they would chase hares, even if they themselves tied me into a toroka like a hare; Yes, so, dei, I dreamed of what it was like standing at your place for a meal, sovereign, joking; Yes, I, dei, said, something, dei it's time for me. Yes, in your royal letter it is written that Diveya promised for himself, and he himself said that he was a great man, and I would remember my majesty. And the yaz, your serf, walked according to your sovereign order, I was ordered, sovereign, to go to Miyus and to get languages \u200b\u200bfor Milky Waters, which would know the royal intention, no matter what you, sovereign, would not be unknown, there will be no sense of news from which parcels. And it was for me, your serf, to send something; but whatever I send, and he will not reach the gate, but when he arrives he will lie: wherever he sees any beast, but when he arrives he will say - "people." And it was for me, your serf, how to send false news to you, to the sovereign, and having lied to you, to the sovereign, it was to me, your serf, with what to appear? But he didn’t say that word, for some time, dei, mine; and those who spoke, they fled from the Milky Waters, but having lost the sovereign's business, they returned again. And if only you, your serf, slept along the bypass, it was different, sir, you couldn’t milk it to Milky Waters; yes, and I already went back, there was already that day to Kmolsha to the camp, whose days the Tatars took me, your serf, and lay in wait here, sir: mine was. Yes, Vasily Oleksandrov was sent with his comrades to drive the watchmen, and the yaz stood in the valley with the regiment, and Vasily ordered: “Lubo, the river, they will teach you to drive, and you, the river, run to us.” And as Vasily taught to drive the watchmen, the Tatars met Vasily and began to drive them. And Vasily ran past me, and yaz, your serf, and prayed to Vasily like this: "Is it time to let it in?" and, rushing to meet him, Vasily took them away, hoping for a regiment, and grappled with the peasant. And the whole regiment ran, and did not raise their hands. Yes, dear sir, from many people - otherwise there were two hundred and eighty people of Tatars and Murzas, they fought off big people on Karachekra, and even beat and injured many of them. And here they didn’t even raise their hands, but there were one hundred and fifteen hands, and I, your serf, was given away. And me, your serf, was taken by the crowds with two saddles, defending themselves, they took me already dead; yes, the hare, sir, will not bite a single dog, but the tongue, your serf, has bitten a man over himself to death, and wounded twenty two; and those, my lord, they brought to the king with me. And in Crimea, what were your sovereign dogs of traitors, and by the mercy of God for your sovereign happiness, yaz, your serf, he bit everyone, everyone suddenly disappeared, one dog remained - Kudeyar, and he, due to my sin, malenko curled up, and henceforth I start on mercy God, the sense of God will not remember sins, and that will not be the same. And if I, your serf, was brought to the tsar only a little alive, about which the tsar asked me, and what he said lying before the tsar, and yaz, your serf, having written yes to you, to the sovereign, sent with Ofanasius, and other speeches of Opanasey he himself and everyone heard, but Nagai interpreter, your sovereign's interpreter. And the yaz was joking, your serf, at your place, sovereign, at the table he entertained you, sovereign, - and now I’m dying for God and for you, sovereign, but for your princes, for their sovereigns. And for those traitors the king wanted to execute. Yes, even God gave birth to a small sight and hear your sovereign name, but again the tsar greeted, and prayed: “He, dei, repairs his own, serves his sovereign,” but he sent me, your serf, to Mankup city, but ordered to strengthen yes little ordered to eat to give; If only your sovereign grace had not found the soul in the body - otherwise it was from hunger and from nakedness to die. And now I pray to God for your sovereign health and for your princes, for my sovereigns; Yes, I still want with the lord Christ our God, to joke at the table with you, sovereign, but I don’t know if they will see me for my wretchedness: if it’s not God, you won’t help - otherwise there’s no one. Yes, it’s written in your sovereign’s letter, what you wish to exchange for me, your serf, and for me, having come to Moscow and lie in your own injury, - otherwise we, serfs, pray to God that we for God and for you, sovereign, and for your princes, but for our sovereigns, lay your head: then our hope is from God without sin, and now in what God and you, sovereign, put. And the yaz, your serf, did not get mutilated from the home, or killed from the oven, but in what God and you, sovereign, put. And majesty, sir, what do I remember? - If it weren’t for your sovereign mercy, and what kind of person would I be? You, sovereign, are like God - you repair both small and great. And thou shalt say to the king: "I am a young man." But Diveya, sovereign, did not promise for himself, even if there were exchanges for me, and I would have said: what the sovereign will give, exchange for me, then, sovereign, in God's will and in your sovereign. And he wrote, sovereign, your serf, about Divey, so that you, sovereign, would know the royal intention, with the ambassadors; and he sent a murza and ordered me, your serf, to write and order about what the mind won’t raise, but about Divey he said: “He ordered, dei, the king ordered you to write about Divea; , three sons and menshoi Divey lutchi - behold, dei, the ambassadors know them. And Yaz, your serf, said how much God enlightened: gracious sovereign, ask the ambassadors how things were going, and Nagai was pushing. Yes, how, sir, dismissing the ambassadors, and ordered me, your serf, to be taken to the village in the same place where Yaz then sat, but as against the tsar's court, and the tsar sent Zeldal-aga with a saber and with ink and paper yes he spoke then like this: “Write, dei, about Diveya: the king ordered you to say: Just, dei, you won’t write, and you, dei, will be executed; then, dei, you are already making a quarrel between us; but just, dei, write, and brother, dei, ours, and your sovereign, will do so, Diveya will give us, and he will take you to him - otherwise, dei, between us and a good deed will come." And the language, your serf, wept and beat with his forehead and lay down under a saber, and said: “If the king needs Divey, and the king himself does not write about him? Diveeva is not worth it." And he, sovereign, again went to the king, and when he came out he said this: or that which will be a good deed between us? And if such a word did not exist, and the tongue would not dare to write like that for his own head, even if he were to die. And then, sir, yaz, your serf, wrote for what you, sir, would know the royal intention, and not for what you, sir, would give Diveya for me; if only, sir, yaz, your serf, he himself did not understand it, and I remember that: those from Lithuania promised exchange for themselves, otherwise what happened to them. And about your head, your serf, you sovereign, beat with your forehead, so that you sovereign, show mercy, provide for my poor head, how God will inform you, sovereign, for the Christian faith, and not for what Diveya would give for me. Yes, to me, your serf, it is written: I will only become a Christian for pride - otherwise Christ is my enemy. It’s different for me, your serf, either to see something from you, from the sovereign, written cruelly and mercifully and do it like this: otherwise the soul is given to God, yes to you, the sovereign, and your princes, and our sovereign, but wake the will of God and your sovereign from now on and forever, and God would have made it worthy to die for you, sovereigns. Yes, God breathed a soul into a dead body, otherwise, sir, and at the end show a direct service. Yes, show mercy to your poor Polonian and pilgrimage, send alms, don’t let them die of hunger, and bread is expensive - three thousand batman30 each - and they won’t get to buy it, and the beast has died out and the horses have died out and they won’t get dead. And I’m sitting in an empty city in kadoms - it’s impossible to work out and there is no one. And your sovereign's salary - and yaz paid the debt, and gave some good for something else. And the king feeds little; but take, sovereign, there is someone, but there is no one to feed; if it weren’t for your sovereign grace, otherwise you would die of hunger and nakedness. And then, therefore, gracious sir, the letter was written incorrectly: the tongue was then dying, and not to write the tongue, your serf, did not dare such a word. And in mercy and in everything you, sovereign, are free: after all, your serf, I now sit in the Crimea with the Crimean Tsar, and with my soul with God and with you, sovereign, and what can I hear, how can I not write? And in this, God is free and you, sovereign: you do what suits God and you, sovereign. And now to tell you, to the sovereign, therefore I did not write - Ivan Myasoedov will tell you, sovereign; and before that, I sent to you, to the sovereign, two letters of this summer about Ascension Days, and the third letter - about the Intercession. And forward, sovereign, I hope for the mercy of God, which you, sovereign, will not be unknown, although I die for God and for you, sovereign, and for your princes. And it doesn’t scare me, but your sovereign’s disgrace is scary to me. And yaz, your serf, I cry for you, sovereign, so that you show mercy to your royal investigation, you did this as a deed and for what: if I, a serf, die by chance, otherwise you, sovereign, would know the truth.

1576. The second letter of the Duma nobleman Vasily Grigorievich Gryazny to Tsar Ivan IV Vasilyevich the Terrible from the Crimean captivity
Tsar and Grand Duke Ivan Vasilievich of all Russia, your poor serf Vasyuk Dirty beats with his forehead. He sent, sovereign, to me, your serf, the tsar of Krylov’s cheush, and cheush, sovereign, he said to me: “The king, yes, ordered to say: Yaz, dei, I don’t send my messenger and interpreter of the Grand Duke to my brother, but the messenger, dei I leave the Grand Duke here, because the prince of my great Tatar Shigai left. And Yaz, your serf, said this: "God, the sovereigns were healthy for many years, and between them, the sovereigns, there was love and brotherhood. We, serfs, pray to God about this." And he prayed like this: “The tsar, dei, was and wanted to let Ivan go, otherwise, dei, they beat with their foreheads about whom the tsar sends his own, so that the tsar did not let Ivan go, watching what your sovereign plants at home. And the tsar, dei, he lets everyone go - both ambassadors and messengers. And Yaz, your serf, said: "That, the river, God knows and the sovereigns, among themselves as they want, they do it, and we, their serf, would see such love and brotherhood between them, sovereigns." And he spoke like this: "The king ordered you to ask: You, dei, if you lived with your sovereign, and then you heard from the sovereign, why did our brother want to make peace with me?" And the yaz, your serf, said: “Koli, the river, the yaz, and the sovereign had, and the yaz, the river, and then I didn’t know anything, but now, the river, I’ve been sitting with the king in full for three years in kadams - already in Mankup two years - and to me, the river, why be in charge of the sovereign's intent? And he taught to say: “Tsar, dei, he ordered you to ask that the king wants to make peace with the sovereign with yours. Tell me, dei, do you tell the truth to the king. And the yaz, your serf, said: “God is Volon, and the tsar is in my head, and how can I lie to the tsar? , and until then he told the tsar, there’s nothing to remember, so how can it be, what kind of supporter of Kazan or Astorokhani to the sovereign? And he, sovereign, with that went to the king. And in those days, sir, I had your sovereign Orlyan, the son of a boyar and Polonian, They call him Ondragan, Soprykin, the son of Trufonov. And I sent him with that word to Ivan. To me, your serf, what the tsar sends to me with what he hears and with what - it’s for you, sovereign, how not to write it for you, sir, to know? Yes, here, sovereign, people say: the king, dei, does not go anywhere himself, because the whore, dei, the current king of Tur - wants, dei, in his place to send a new king of Turus, the father-in-law of his Astorokhan prince, but there is still no direct news . Yes, sir, the tsar sent your traitor Kudeyar to me, your serf, in Mankup, asking: "He ordered, de, yaz, you write to your sovereign about your business. And now the messenger is here; what did the tsar write to you?" And Yaz, your serf, Kudeyar did not say anything, not a letter, not a word, but he said: “Those river, Kudeyar is a traitor to God and sovereigns: how can I tell you? . And Kudeyar approached me firmly, and spoke like this: "The king, dei, does not want to let the messenger go, if, dei, you will not say anything." And Yaz, your serf, still said one thing to him: "You, a river, a traitor; how can I talk to you?" And in those days, sir, I had your sovereign son of the boyar Fyodor Tolochanov - with him everything was done. Yes, after that, sir, the language sent a petition to the tsar, and wrote in the following way in the plea: “To the tsar, the wave man, your poor Polonyan Vasyuk beats with his forehead. "How can I speak as a traitor? And what have you told me to write to the sovereign about - and they say about it on me, on his serf, the sovereign put his disgrace, that Iz, serf evo, wrote about such a great deed, and not against his measure. And then, the river, if you heard that the sovereign, the Tsar of the Orthodox, ordered me, his serf, to be repaid with money, but you, a wave of a man, you will probably not kill me in kadams, give me a payback. you Kudeyar: Exactly, dei, you will not say anything, and the king, de, does not want the messenger to release the great prince. And the tsar, de, sovereign, about that word Kudeyaru laughed with a twist, and said: “Dei, yaz, dei, you, Kudeyar, did not want to send you, de, you called yourself. ". And he sent that petition to Ivan, and Ivan looked at it, sovereign, that petition of the crowd, if they carried it to the king. And the tsar, sovereign, they say, he ordered to read that petition before him and ordered me to refuse: Kudeyar indecently told you, which I will not let the messenger go: if, dei, there will be no link between us - how can a good deed be between us? If you, merciful sovereign, sent me, your serf, to your royal service, and yaz, your serf, before you, sovereign, prayed to God and the Most Pure Mother of God, so that for me for you, for the sovereign, and for your princes, for your sovereigns , put your head down, and you, sir, and with your princes in your states were healthy for many years, and your enemy would not be on your sovereign land - otherwise, gracious sovereign, God's mercy and your sovereign happiness is still your enemy haven't been. And forward, sir, I cry before the Creator, so that God does not allow your enemy, and you would be a sovereign, and be healthy for many years with your princes.

The pseudonym under which the politician Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov writes. ... In 1907 he was unsuccessfully a candidate for the 2nd State Duma in St. Petersburg.

Alyabiev, Alexander Alexandrovich, Russian amateur composer. ... The romances of A. reflected the spirit of the times. As then-Russian literature, they are sentimental, sometimes corny. Most of them are written in a minor key. They almost do not differ from Glinka's first romances, but the latter has stepped far ahead, while A. has remained in place and is now outdated.

Filthy Idolishche (Odolishche) - an epic hero ...

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Dahl, Vladimir Ivanovich
Numerous novels and stories of his suffer from a lack of real artistic creativity, a deep feeling and a broad view of the people and life. Dal did not go further than everyday pictures, anecdotes caught on the fly, told in a peculiar language, smartly, lively, with well-known humor, sometimes falling into mannerism and joking.

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Apparently, Varlamov did not work on the theory of musical composition at all and remained with the meager knowledge that he could have taken out of the chapel, which at that time did not care at all about the general musical development of its pupils.

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Gorky, Maxim
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Sherwood-Verny Ivan Vasilievich
“Sherwood,” writes one contemporary, “in society, even in St. Petersburg, was not called anything but Sherwood nasty ... his comrades in military service shunned him and called him the dog name “fidelka”.

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"Fought like a beast, bit six to death" Vasily Gryazny captured by the Crimean Tatars

At least, this is what Vasily Gryaznoy himself wrote - the bloody oprichnik of Grozny and ally of Malyuta Skuratov - in his letters from Tatar captivity to the tsar. This correspondence refers to 1574 - 1576; it was preserved as part of the Crimean embassy books and was first described by Karamzin.

Unlike other well-known letters from Grozny - for example, to Prince Kurbsky or Elizabeth I - letters to Gryaznoy were of a purely private nature.

Vasily Gryaznoy was captured by the Crimean Tatars in 1576.

Crimean Khan Devlet Giray during the raids on Moscow

Upon learning that a close tsar had been captured by them (and since 1570, Vasily had occupied a leading role in the oprichnina), the Tatars decided either to exchange him for their commander Divey-Murza (a major Tatar commander captured by Russian troops in the famous battle of late July and early August 1572 near the "walk-city" near Serpukhov, in which the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet-Gerai was utterly defeated by Russian troops), or receive a huge ransom of 100,000 rubles.

The content of these demands was conveyed to Ivan the Terrible by Vasily Gryaznoy in his first, not preserved, message. The tone of the message left no doubt: the tsar's oprichnik considered himself an indispensable person and had no doubts about the tsar's generosity. Ivan the Terrible did not like this, and he sent Vasily a pejorative answer, questioning both the military prowess of a high-ranking captive (whether he was catching hares in the field instead of fighting, the king asked), and the amount of the ransom, unthinkable for a person of low birth , which was Vasily Gryaznoy. It is hardly possible to give more than 50 rubles, the tsar concluded.

It was then that Vasily, frightened, sent a second letter to Grozny, in which he assured the tsar that he was captured only because of the cowardice of his detachment, which abandoned the commander at a dangerous moment, and that, they say, he personally fought like a beast, bit six to death, and crippled another 22 enemies, and ended up in a semi-conscious state to Khan Devlet Giray.

It is surprising not even that the guardsman, who was in captivity, to put it mildly, embellished his exploits, but that the tsar himself in subsequent letters did not express a single drop of doubt about the reliability of the story of his vassal. Looking ahead, let's say that in the end Ivan the Terrible did pay 2,000 rubles a ransom for the captive - and even then only because the smug Vasily almost became an "adviser" to Devlet Giray and even participated with him in meetings on foreign policy, for that Grozny was very offended by the Tatar Khan.

After being ransomed from captivity, Vasily Gryaznoy retired and set about arranging his estate, given to him by the tsar near the city of Korcheva, Tver province ... Read the details of this story ...

http://little-histories.org/2015/10/25/oprichnik-ivan-the-terrible-swear-what-s/

N. V. Nevrev. "Oprichniki"

*. A joker, a joker, a desperate man who did not disdain anything in the execution of royal orders, Gryaznoy came to the court of Ivan the Terrible. The correspondence between the tsar and the oprichnik resurrects before us the atmosphere of fun and a kind of "black" humor that reigned in the oprichnina, well known from other sources. However, the favor of V.G. Dirty was short-lived. In September 1571, he was mentioned among the nobles in the royal camp in the royal campaign to Serpukhov. But in November 1571 he was not invited to the royal wedding with Martha Sobakina. In the campaign against Paida in the spring of 1572, Gryaznoy, like Skuratov, was among the nobles "of the boyars". But after the death of Malyuta, who died under the walls of Paida, Gryaznoy and his relatives were expelled from the Oprichnina Duma. V.F. Oshanin-Ilyin was appointed to the province in Paidu, then arrested, taken to Moscow and executed. G.B. Gryaznoy and N.G. Gryaznoi were executed, with the latter being burned alive. Vasily Gryaznoy was assigned to Narva, and from there he was sent to the voivodeship to the Donets with his head Vasily Aleksandrovich Stepanov. In this service, during reconnaissance in the steppe, V.G. Dirty and was captured by the Tatars.

Another ironic prick of the tsar’s message: “Did you expect that it’s the same in the Crimea as I have jokes standing behind food?”, The guardsman transforms it into a completely different plane, comparing his service as a joker and joker with the service of a warrior and the suffering of a captive: “Yaz joked , your serf, at your place, sovereign, at the table amuses you, sovereign, - and now I am dying for God and for you, sovereign, and for your princes. This circumstance was noted by D.S. Likhachev, who wrote: “Reading the correspondence between Vasyutka Gryazny and Ivan the Terrible, you forget that both were separated by a huge distance for that time, that letters were delivered with difficulty and reached after many months.

Before us is a free conversation, like a recorded conversation: a master of dashing fun, a joker and a joker, a "temporary" person - and a king, poisonous, cruelly ironic, who knew how to play a role and play a simple and fair person.

In 1577, unexpectedly for the Moscow messengers, E.L. Rzhevsky and I. Myasoedov, Vasily Gryaznoy was with them at the reception of the Khan and was, along with everyone else, granted a "golden atlas". Polonyanik aspired to play the role of a supernumerary diplomat, in which he was supported by the Crimean court. In the "message" letter, Gryaznoy reported that the khan consulted with him about the conditions for concluding peace between Moscow and the Crimea: "is it at the commemoration, dei, or, dei, in Kazan and Astrakhan?" To which Gryaznoy, in his words, resolutely rejected the idea of surrendering Kazan and Astrakhan and confirmed that the tsar "had a Miritsa at the wake." Probably, the diplomatic activity of Gryaznoy was not limited to the described case. She received the approval of the khan, who was about to let the Polonian go, "granting a dress ... because he had taken a good deed upon himself."

The peculiar position of a Polonian diplomat, which V.G. Dirty in the Crimea, was not something exceptional. The practice of Russian-Crimean diplomatic relations in the 16th-17th centuries. knows many examples when ambassadors were robbed, imprisoned and even tortured. At the same time, the Crimea was not an alien, unknown land for the Russians. Trade relations with the Crimea and Turkey were established already in the second half of the 15th century. A large number of Russians were captured in the Crimea. The position of the Polonians was different - some were sold to galleys in Turkey and other countries, others were used as labor, tortured, and kept in prisons. But there were also those who sought a better position and did not want to return to Russia. Many of them "besurmanized" - converted to Islam. Special agreements (albeit not always respected) between the Moscow sovereign and the Crimean Khan guaranteed immunity to merchants and people who came to the Crimea to search for and ransom their relatives.

He came from an humble noble family. Vasily Gryaznoy's father, Grigory Vasilievich Gryaznoy-Ilyin, was in the service of Prince Andrei Ivanovich Staritsky from 1519. Vasily Grigorievich began his career in the service of the Staritsa princes. Was, according to Ivan the Terrible, "there is little that is not in the kennel" at Prince Yu. A. Peninsky in Aleksin. After joining Aleksin to the oprichniki possessions in 1566, he entered the royal service, was enrolled in the guardsmen. From that moment began his unprecedented rise. During a campaign in Livonia in 1567, he was among the heads in the sovereign's regiment. In 1568, together with Afanasy Vyazemsky and Malyuta Skuratov, he took part in attacks on the houses of noble people and the abduction of their wives, sanctioned by the tsar. Together with Malyuta Skuratov, he took part in the trial and massacre of the appanage prince Vladimir Andreevich Staritsky. By 1570, he occupied a leading position in the leadership of the oprichnina. Possessing a vivid imagination and a peculiar sense of humor, Gryaznoy liked the tsar, who brought the guardsman closer to the throne. Under 1570, there is a mention that Gryaznoy held the rank of duma nobleman "from the oprichnina." In 1571 he was among the nobles of the sovereign's camp, who participated in the campaign of the tsarist troops against Serpukhov.

In November 1571, he was not invited to the wedding of the tsar with Marfa Sobakina. Since that time, his role at court began to gradually decline. A relative of the favorite, Grigory Menshoy Gryaznoy, who served as head and judge of the oprichny Zemsky court in Moscow, was killed, and his son was burned alive. After the death of Tsaritsa Marfa Sobakina and the abolition of the oprichnina, Gryaznoy's position was shaken. In 1573, during a campaign against Paida, together with Malyuta Skuratov, he was sent to attack in the breach of the fortress. During the attack, Malyuta Skuratov was killed. After that, Gryaznoy and his relatives were removed from the Oprichnina Duma, and Gryaznoy himself was appointed to the voivodeship in Narva, and from there to Donets. During steppe reconnaissance on the Crimean border, he was taken prisoner by the Tatars. While in captivity, he corresponded with Ivan the Terrible. The Tatars wanted to exchange Gryaznoy for the Crimean commander Divey Murza, who was in Russian captivity, or receive a huge ransom of 100,000 rubles. Despite Gryaznoy's requests for release, expressed by him in his first letter to the tsar, he was redeemed only in 1577 for 2,000 rubles.

Correspondence of Gryazny and Grozny is also of interest to historians.

Literature

R. G. Skrynnikov. Ivan the Terrible . - LLC "AST Publishing House", 2001. - 480 p. - (Historical Library).

S. Yu. Shokarev. Correspondence of Ivan IV the Terrible with Vasily Gryazny and Russian-Crimean Relations in the Second Quarter of the 16th Century. - M ., 2000. - (Historical and journalistic almanac "Moscow-Crimea").

Categories:

Personalities in alphabetical order
Oprichnina
Russian writers of the 16th century
Writers of Russia of the 16th century
Epistolographers
Crimean Khanate

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

Dirty (Ryazan region)
dirty girl

See what "Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich" is in other dictionaries:

Gryaznoy Vasily Grigorievich- Dirty (Vasily Grigorievich), a nobleman from those who live with the sovereign from the boyars, appears among the favorites and pitchers of Ivan the Terrible from 1560 and takes part in his orgies. In 1568, he participated in an attack on the houses of noble people and ... ... Biographical Dictionary

Gryaznoy, Vasily Grigorievich- nobleman, temporary Ivan the Terrible. (Polovtsov) ... Big biographical encyclopedia

Gryaznoy Vasily Grigorievich- a nobleman from those who live with the sovereign from the boyars, appears among the favorites and pitchers of Ivan the Terrible since 1560 and takes part in his orgies. In 1568, he participated in the attack on the houses of noble people and the abduction of their wives, who later ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Dirty- Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich Vasily Grigorievich Dirty nobleman, guardsman and one of Ivan the Terrible's associates. He came from an humble noble family. The father of Vasily Gryaznoy, Grigory Vasilyevich Gryaznoy Ilyin, since 1519 was on ... ... Wikipedia

Correspondence of Gryazny and Grozny is also of interest to historians.

Literature

R. G. Skrynnikov. Ivan the Terrible . - LLC "AST Publishing House", 2001. - 480 p. - (Historical Library).

Categories:

Personalities in alphabetical order
Oprichnina
Russian writers of the 16th century
Writers of Russia of the 16th century
Epistolographers
Crimean Khanate

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich" is in other dictionaries:

Gryaznoy (Vasily Grigoryevich), a nobleman from those who live with the sovereign from the boyars, appears among the favorites and pitchers of Ivan the Terrible from 1560 and takes part in his orgies. In 1568, he participated in an attack on the houses of noble people and ... ... Biographical Dictionary

Nobleman, temporary Ivan the Terrible. (Polovtsov) ... Big biographical encyclopedia

A nobleman from those who live with the sovereign from the boyars, appears among the favorites and pitchers of Ivan the Terrible from 1560 and takes part in his orgies. In 1568, he participated in the attack on the houses of noble people and the abduction of their wives, who later ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich Vasily Grigorievich Dirty nobleman, guardsman and one of Ivan the Terrible's associates. He came from an humble noble family. The father of Vasily Gryaznoy, Grigory Vasilyevich Gryaznoy Ilyin, since 1519 was on ... ... Wikipedia

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Vasily is dirty in the Crimea. Basil is dirty. See what "Dirty, Vasily Grigorievich" is in other dictionaries

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Literature

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