Date of Birth: 15.03.1924

Russian, Soviet writer, prose writer, screenwriter, publicist. "Classic" of military prose. Veteran of the Great Patriotic War. The main problems of the works: the problem of moral choice (both in war and peacetime), a person’s search for his place in the world.

Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev was born in the city of Orsk, Orenburg region. Father (1896-1988) worked as a people's investigator, lawyer, and administrative worker. In 1931 the Bondarevs moved to Moscow.

Bondarev graduated from school in evacuation and was immediately sent to the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School in the city of Aktyubinsk. In October of the same year, the cadets were transferred to Stalingrad. Bondarev was assigned as the commander of the mortar crew. In the battles near Kotelnikov, he was shell-shocked, received frostbite and was slightly wounded in the back. After treatment in the hospital, he served as a gun commander and participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the assault on Kyiv. In the battles for Zhitomir he was wounded and again ended up in the hospital. Since January 1944, Yu. Bondarev fought in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia. In October 1944 he was sent to the Chkalovsky School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery and after graduating in December 1945 he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to injuries. He finished the war with the rank of junior lieutenant.

He made his debut in print in 1949. He graduated from the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky (1951 seminar by K. G. Paustovsky). In the same year he was admitted to the Union of Writers of the USSR. The first collection of stories, “On the Big River,” was published in 1953.

Bondarev's works quickly gain popularity and he becomes one of the most published authors.

In addition to literary activities, Bondarev pays attention to cinema. Acts as the author of the script for film adaptations of his own works: “The Last Salvos”, “Silence”, “Hot Snow”, “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “The Shore”, “Choice”. Yu. Bondarev was also one of the screenwriters of the epic film “Liberation,” dedicated to the global events of the Great Patriotic War. In 1963, Yu. Bondarev was admitted to the Union of Cinematographers. In 1961-66, he was the editor-in-chief of the Association of Writers and Film Workers at the Mosfilm studio.

He held leadership positions in the Writers' Union: he was a member (since 1967) and secretary of the board (1971-August 91), a member of the bureau of the secretariat of the board (1986-91), secretary of the board (1970-71), first deputy. chairman of the board (1971-90) and chairman of the board of the joint venture of the RSFSR (December 1990-94). In addition, Yu. Bondarev was the chairman of the board of the Russian Voluntary Society of Book Lovers (1974-79), a member of the editorial board of the magazine. Bondarev is a member of the Supreme Creative Council of the Russian joint venture (since 1994), honorary co-chairman of the Moscow region joint venture (since 1999). Member of the editorial boards of the magazines "Our Heritage", "", "Kuban" (since 1999), "World of Education - Education in the World" (since 2001), the newspaper "Literary Eurasia" (since 1999), the Central Council of the Spiritual Heritage movement . Academician of the Academy of Russian Literature (1996). He was elected as a deputy and deputy. Chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the USSR Armed Forces (1984-91). He was a member of the Duma of the Slavic Council (1991), the Duma of the Russian National. Cathedral (1992).

Yu. Bondarev consistently adheres to communist beliefs. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR (1990-1991). In 1991, he signed the “Word to the People” appeal in support of the State Emergency Committee.

Married, two children (daughters).

Yu. Bondarev resigned from the editorial board of the magazine in protest against the publication of the novel "October of the Sixteenth"

In 1989, Yu. Bondarev stated that he did not consider it “possible to be among the founders of the Soviet PEN Center,” since the list of founders included those “with whom I am in moral disagreement in relation to literature, art, history and universal human values.”

In 1994, Yu. Bondarev refused to be awarded the Order of Friendship of Peoples, writing in a telegram to the President of the Russian Federation B.N. Yeltsin: “Today this will no longer help the good harmony and friendship of the peoples of our great country.”

Writer's Awards

Orders and medals
Order of Lenin (twice)
Order of the October Revolution
Order of the Red Banner of Labor
Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class
Order of the Badge of Honor
Medal "For Courage" (twice)
Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad"
Medal "For Victory over Germany"
Gold medal named after A. A. Fadeev (1973)
Medal for Strengthening the Military Commonwealth (1986)
Order of Friendship of Peoples (1994, refused to be awarded)
Medal "For Merit in the Border Service" 1st class (1999)
Medal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation “90 years of the Great October Socialist Revolution” (2007)

Other awards
Big Star of Peoples' Friendship (GDR)
(1972, for the script for the film "Liberation")
State Prize of the RSFSR (1975, for the script for the film “Hot Snow”)
(1977, 1983, for the novels “The Shore” and “Choice”)
Hero of Socialist Labor (1984)
All-Russian Prize "Stalingrad" (1997)
Award "Golden Dirk" and diploma of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (1999)
Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd (2004)

Literary awards
Magazine Awards (twice: 1975, 1999)
Leo Tolstoy Prize (1993)
International Prize named after M. A. Sholokhov in the field of literature and art (1994)

All-Russian Literary Prize "" (2013)

Soviet writer Yuri Vasilyevich Bondarev was born on March 15, 1924 in Orsk, Orenburg region. In 1931, his family moved to Moscow.
In 1941, Yuri Bondarev participated in the construction of defensive fortifications near Smolensk. I graduated from the tenth grade during evacuation.

In the summer of 1942, he was sent to study at the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School, which was evacuated to the city of Aktyubinsk (Kazakhstan). In October 1942, he was sent to Stalingrad (now Volgograd) and enlisted as commander of the mortar crew of the 308th regiment of the 98th Infantry Division. Later he served as a gun commander in the 23rd Kiev-Zhitomir Division. Participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the liberation of Kyiv. Was wounded twice.

Since January 1944, Bondarev fought in the ranks of the 121st Red Banner Rylsko-Kyiv Rifle Division in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia. In October he was sent to the Chkalovsky School of Anti-Aircraft Artillery. After graduating in December 1945, he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to wounds.

The front-line path of the future writer was marked by the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, medals “For Courage”, “For the Defense of Stalingrad”, “For Victory over Germany”, and a number of Polish awards.

In 1944, Bondarev joined the Communist Party and remained in it until the collapse of the USSR.

In 1949, he began publishing in the popular magazines Smena, Ogonyok, and Oktyabr. In 1951 he graduated from the Gorky Literary Institute and was admitted to the Writers' Union.

In 1953, Bondarev’s first collection of stories, “On the Big River,” was published. Quite soon, Yuri Bondarev became one of the most published authors in the USSR. The main theme of his work is the heroism of Soviet soldiers and human psychology in war.

Yuri Bondarev is the author of the novels "Silence" (1962), "Two" (1964), "Hot Snow" (1969), "Shore" (1975), "Choice" (1980), "Game" (1985), "Temptation "(1991), "Non-resistance" (1996), "Bermuda Triangle" (1999), "Without Mercy" (2004); the stories “Youth of Commanders” (1956), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1957), “Last Salvos” (1959), “Relatives” (1969); collection of short stories "Late in the Evening" (1976); books of literary articles “The Search for Truth” (1976), “A Look into Biography” (1977), “Keepers of Values” (1978).

For many decades, the writer has continued to work on a series of miniatures called “Moments.”

Bondarev's works have been translated into more than 70 languages. The feature films “The Last Salvos” (1960), “Silence” (1963), “Hot Snow” (1972), “The Shore” (1983), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1985), “Choice” (1987) were based on the works Yuri Bondarev.

In 1968-1972, the film epic “Liberation” was created, directed by Yuri Ozerov, also dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. This film was watched by 350 million viewers in the USSR alone in two years. Bondarev, as one of the authors of the script, was awarded the Lenin Prize in 1972.

From 1959 to 1963, Yuri Bondarev was a member of the editorial board, editor of the literature and criticism department of Literaturnaya Gazeta, and in 1961-1966 he was editor-in-chief of the Association of Writers and Film Workers at the Mosfilm studio.

Along with his creativity, Bondarev has always been active in social activities. In 1971, he was elected first deputy chairman of the board of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR, and from 1990 to 1994 he was chairman of the Union of Writers of Russia. For eight years, from 1991 to 1999, he worked as co-chairman of the International Community of Writers' Unions.

In 1974-1979 he headed the All-Union Voluntary Society of Book Lovers.

The writer was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the IX and X convocations, and was deputy chairman of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1984-1989).

Yuri Bondarev - member of the Union of Cinematographers (1963). Full member of the Russian, International Slavic, Petrine Academies, Academy of Russian Literature, honorary member of the Pushkin Academy.

Hero of Socialist Labor (1984). Awarded two Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree (1985), the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1974), the Order of the Badge of Honor, the Order of Friendship of Peoples (1994, refused), medals, as well as orders and medals of foreign countries .

Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1972), State Prize of the USSR (1977, 1983), State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev Brothers (1975), Prize named after

Leo Tolstoy (1993), International Prize named after Mikhail Sholokhov (1994), etc.

Honorary citizen of the hero city of Volgograd.

In 2013, he was a writer at the Yasnaya Polyana literary award in the honorary category "Modern Classics".

Yuri Bondarev is married. He has two daughters - Elena (born in 1952), an English language specialist, and Ekaterina (born in 1960), an artist.

The material was prepared based on information from open sources

Yuri Vasilievich Bondarev. Born March 15, 1924. Russian Soviet writer and screenwriter. Hero of Socialist Labor (1984), laureate of Lenin (1972) and two USSR State Prizes (1977, 1983).

Yuri Bondarev was born on March 15, 1924 in the city of Orsk, Orenburg province (now Orenburg region).

Father - Bondarev Vasily Vasilyevich (1896-1988), worked as an investigator.

Mother - Bondareva Klavdiya Iosifovna (1900-1978).

In 1931 they moved to Moscow.

Participant of the Great Patriotic War (since August 1942), junior lieutenant.

In 1941, Komsomol member Bondarev, together with thousands of young Muscovites, participated in the construction of defensive fortifications near Smolensk.

In the summer of 1942, after graduating from the 10th grade of high school, he was sent to study at the 2nd Berdichev Infantry School, which was evacuated to the city of Aktyubinsk.

In October 1942, the cadets were sent to Stalingrad. Bondarev was enlisted as commander of the mortar crew of the 308th regiment of the 98th Infantry Division. In the battles near Kotelnikovsky (now Kotelnikovo) he was shell-shocked, received frostbite and was slightly wounded in the back. After treatment in the hospital, he served as a gun commander in the 89th Infantry Regiment of the 23rd Infantry Division of the Voronezh Front.

Participated in the crossing of the Dnieper and the liberation of Kyiv. In the battles for Zhitomir he was wounded and again ended up in a field hospital.

For the destruction of three firing points, a vehicle, an anti-tank gun and 20 enemy soldiers and officers from infantry combat formations in the area of ​​the village of Boromlya, Sumy region, he was awarded the medal “For Courage”.

For knocking out a tank and repelling an attack by German infantry in the area of ​​the city of Kamenets-Podolsky, he was awarded the second medal “For Courage.”

Since January 1944, Yu. Bondarev fought in the ranks of the 121st Red Banner Rylsko-Kyiv Rifle Division in Poland and on the border with Czechoslovakia.

Member of the CPSU(b) since 1944.

In October he was sent to the Chkalov Artillery School and after graduating in December 1945, he was declared partially fit for service and demobilized due to injuries.

Graduated from the Literary Institute named after. A. M. Gorky (1945 - 1951).

He made his debut in print in 1949. The first collection of stories, “On the Big River,” was published in 1953. Author of short stories (collection “Late in the Evening”, 1962), stories “Youth of Commanders” (1956), “Battalions Ask for Fire” (1957; 4-part film “Battalions Ask for Fire” based on the story, 1985), “Last Salvos” ( 1959; film of the same name, 1961), “Relatives” (1969), novels “Hot Snow” (1969; film of the same name, 1972), “Silence” (1962; film of the same name, 1964), “Two” (sequel to the novel “Silence” ; 1964), “The Shore” (1975; film of the same name, 1984).

Author of the script for the film based on the novel “Hot Snow” (1972). One of the authors of the script for the epic film “Liberation” (1970) and the film “Battalions Ask for Fire.” These novels are based on the story of the Red Army soldier Vasily Afanasyevich Svinin, who served in the NKVD artillery regiment. Of all the personnel, he was the only one left alive; he was seriously wounded. The newspaper "Red Star" wrote about Pork's feat in 1944.

In his novels of the 70s of the twentieth century and later, the writer intensely reflects on the fate of the Soviet Union and Russia, largely foresees the causes of the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent degradation of Soviet society, reflects on the meaning of life, death, the dangers of conformity, explores the subtlest feelings and experiences a person at turning points and fateful moments in personal and social history.

Signed the Letter of a group of Soviet writers to the editors of the newspaper Pravda on August 31, 1973 about Solzhenitsyn and Sakharov.

Deputy of the Council of Nationalities of the USSR Armed Forces of the 11th convocation (1984-1989) from the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Region.

Delegate to the XIX All-Union Conference of the CPSU (1988).

At the XIX All-Union Party Conference on June 29, 1988, Yuri Bondarev from the podium compared Gorbachev's perestroika to an airplane that was lifted into the air, not knowing whether there was a landing site at its destination. There he sharply condemned the denigration of the Soviet past and Soviet reality, which was then unfolding in the press and television.

Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the RSFSR (1990-1991).

In 1991 he signed the “Word to the People” appeal.

In January 1992, at the head of a group of Soviet writers, he burned an effigy of Yevgeny Yevtushenko as a sign of protest against the transformation of the USSR Writers' Union into the Commonwealth of Writers' Unions.

In 1994, he publicly refused to accept the Order of Friendship of Peoples on the occasion of his 70th birthday. He expressed his position in a telegram addressed to the first president of Russia, in which he indicated: “Today this will no longer help the good harmony and friendship of the peoples of our great country.”

Chairman of the Board of the Writers' Union of Russia in 1991-2013.

He was a member of the editorial board of the Roman-Gazeta magazine.

Since 2001, member of the editorial board of the magazine “World of Education - Education in the World.”

Honorary member of the St. Petersburg public organization of the Academy of Russian Literature and Fine Arts named after G. R. Derzhavin.

Personal life of Yuri Bondarev:

Wife - Bondareva Valentina Nikitichna (born 1927). Daughters: Elena (born 1952) and Ekaterina (born 1960).

Hobbies: painting - as a researcher and collector.

Novels by Yuri Bondarev:

Battalions ask for fire M., Soviet writer, 1957
Silence (1962)
Two (1964)
Hot Snow (1970)
Shore (1975)
Choice (1981)
The Game (1985)
Temptation (1992)
Non-resistance (1996)
Bermuda Triangle (1999)
Without Mercy (2004)

Stories by Yuri Bondarev:

Youth of Commanders (1956)
Last Salvos (1959)
Relatives (1969)

Having barely finished school, the boys became men, defenders of their homeland during the Great Patriotic War. They had to shoulder the heavy burden of war. One of the representatives of this generation is Yuri Bondarev, whose biography is presented in this article. He was born in the Orenburg region, in the city of Orsk, on March 15, 1924. His father subsequently received a law degree and began working as an investigator.

Bondarev's childhood

Yuri's family first lived in the Southern Urals, and then, due to duty, lived at one time in Central Asia. Yuri Vasilievich Bondarev spent his early childhood here. The biography of his subsequent years is marked by his arrival in Moscow, where his family moved in 1931. In the capital, Yuri went to first grade. He studied almost until he graduated from school. And then the war began. The Bondarevs were evacuated to Kazakhstan. Yuri decided to go from there with other guys to fight. However, first of all, yesterday’s schoolchildren had to be trained in military affairs in a short time.

Training and first battles

Yuri Bondarev graduated from the Berdichev Infantry School. And then, becoming the commander of a mortar crew, he went to the front line. This happened in 1942. The “universities” of Bondarev and other young men of this generation took place during the war. It was she who became a stern and intelligent life teacher for Yuri. He immediately found himself in Stalingrad, at the epicenter of events. Heavy fighting took place here. It lasted for more than six months and its victory turned the tide of the entire war.

Hospital treatment and further battles

Bondarev took part in the battles for Stalingrad as part of the 98th division. In winter, he received frostbite and concussion and ended up in the hospital. The young strength of the body, as well as the treatment provided, quickly put Yuri back on track. He was sent to the Zhitomir 23rd Division. As part of it, Yuri crossed the Dnieper and liberated Kyiv in fierce battles. Later, in 1944, having already transferred to the 191st division, Yuri Bondarev took part in the battles for Poland and reached Czechoslovakia with his division. And then he was sent to study at the Chkalov Artillery School, and Yuri did not have the chance to meet victory in Berlin.

Bondarev's creativity

After the war, Yuri Bondarev wrote many works. Today Yuri Vasilyevich is 91 years old. Yuri Bondarev received many awards and prizes. His works are very famous.

The time spent in the war became for Yuri Vasilyevich a measure of human values. He became famous for his war stories “The Last Salvos” and “The Battalions Ask for Fire.” And the growing talent of this writer confirmed the novel “Hot Snow” and other works.

"Hot Snow"

This novel was created between 1965 and 1969. Its hero is a young lieutenant named Kuznetsov. He is a decent, patriotic, honest person. In one day he acquired a great deal of life experience, which would have taken him whole years under normal conditions. This man learned to take responsibility, manage the battle, overcome fear, and be a wise and decisive commander. At first, the soldiers considered him a yellow-throated chick, but then they fell in love with their lieutenant and survived the battle, believing him. It was very important for Yuri Bondarev to show how a young character grows and changes in overcoming difficulties, how a personality is formed.

"Shore"

This novel was written in 1975. End of the war. Young lieutenants who matured and matured during the war years, having gained authority and experience from their comrades in arms, have already passed a section of their life’s path that made them real creators of history. They are all different, but all these people are united by a common destiny and humanism. Knyazhko Andrey is a professor's son, a book lover and philologist, a romantic and a dreamer who was raised on classical literature. However, by the end of the war, he also acquires inflexibility and determination, strength of character. At first, Andrei portrayed himself as a stern, self-confident commander in order to hide his own insecurity under this mask. However, unnoticed by others and himself, these qualities became part of his nature. No one doubted his courage and inflexibility.

Lieutenant Nikitin is a more “earthly” person, a pragmatist. He easily knew how to distribute guns, organize firing positions, calculate the timing of salvos and sights. The soldiers obeyed him, since he knew very well everything that related to the life of his platoon. All this strengthened Nikitin’s authority among fighters of different ages, as if he was more competent and experienced in matters of war. Nikitin still reproaches himself for his “unsteadiness” and pliability, “dangerous softness” in his relations with his subordinates. For example, he cannot resist Mezhenin, a 30-year-old sergeant, and his “unashy”, “bulging” strength. Nikitin confidently and skillfully commanded people, but in some situations he showed unexpectedly funny helplessness: he did not know how to light a fire in the snow, cook soup or light a stove in the hut.

Bondarev's heroes, having overcome their hatred of the Germans who killed Knyazhko, respond with concern for teenagers from Germany whom the Socialist-Revolutionaries zombified. Rising above cruelty and bloodthirstiness, they stand the test of history with great dignity.

Several films of the same name were based on works written by Yuri Bondarev: “Hot Snow”, “Battalions Ask for Fire”, “Silence”.

Soviet literature

Yuri Vasilievich Bondarev

Biography

BONDAREV, YURI VASILIEVICH (b. 1924), Russian writer. Born on March 15, 1924 in Orsk in the family of a peasant - a participant in the struggle for the establishment of Soviet power in the Urals, and later a lawyer. He spent his early years in Orenbuzhye, the Southern Urals, and Central Asia. From 1931 he lived in Moscow. During the Great Patriotic War he was evacuated to Kazakhstan; After graduating from military school, he took part in his first battle on the Stalingrad front and was wounded. He continued the war as the commander of an anti-tank gun. In 1945-1951 he studied at the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky (seminar by K. G. Paustovsky).

He published his first stories in 1949, and the first collection in 1953. stories on the big river. In 1956, Bondarev's story The Youth of Commanders was published. Real fame came to Bondarev after the publication of the stories Battalions Ask for Fire (1957) and The Last Salvos (1959), which laid the foundation for the so-called. “Lieutenant's prose”, marked by that same “trench truth”, the origins of which go back to the famous novel by E. M. Remarque during the First World War, All Quiet on the Western Front.

Bondarev's novel Silence (1962) continued the pan-European theme of the “lost generation” - the difficult entry into peaceful life of young people who went to the front from school. In the novel Hot Snow (1969), the problem of the value of the human person is even more acute. Since the early 1970s, in Bondarev’s work, the severity of psychological collisions has been associated mainly with the sphere of private life, emphasizing the existential responsibility of everyone for their own destiny - be it the relationship between a man and a woman, a “conqueror” and the vanquished, the choice between the life of a traitor and the death of a hero, between the torment of true creativity and the well-being of routine (tetralogy Shore, 1975, USSR State Prize, 1977; Choice, 1980, USSR State Prize, 1983; Game, 1985, Temptation, 1991). The hero of Bondarev's novels, a strong, creative and successful man, is clearly autobiographical (writer Nikitin, artist Vasiliev, film director Krymov, scientist Drozdov). Over the years, in Bondarev’s works, “play” occurs more and more freely not only with complex human destinies, but also with temporal and spatial layers - and at the same time, journeys through the convolutions of the human soul become even more sophisticated, recording every moment of perception of a passing event (the cycle of impressionistic miniatures Moments, 1977−1982). Bondarev is the author of a journalistic and topical novel about modernity, Resistance (1994−1996), a book of reflections on the role of literature in the historical process, Search for Truth (1976), numerous works for theater and cinema (including participation in the film epic about the Great Patriotic War Liberation , 1970−1972, Lenin Prize, 1972).

Bondarev Yuri Vasilievich (b. 1924), Russian writer. Born in Orsk on March 15, 1924, in the family of a peasant who took part in the struggle for the establishment of Soviet power in the Urals, and later a lawyer. The first years of Yuri Vasilyevich were spent in the Southern Urals, Orenbuzhye and Central Asia. In 1931 he began to live in Moscow. During the Great Patriotic War he was evacuated to Kazakhstan. When Bondarev graduated from military school, he went to the front, where he was wounded in the first battle. He served during the war as an anti-tank gun commander. After the end of the war, in 1945-1951 he studied at the Literary Institute named after. A. M. Gorky (seminar by K. G. Paustovsky).

Yuri Vasilyevich’s first story was published in 1949, and in 1953 the first collection of stories “On the Big River” was published. The story “Youth of Commanders” was published in 1956. Bondarev gained real fame after the stories “Battalions Ask for Fire” and “The Last Salvos,” which were published in 1957 and 1959. respectively. These prose laid the foundation for the so-called “lieutenant’s prose”, which was marked by that very “trench truth”; its origins lead to the famous novel by E. M. Remarque “All Quiet on the Western Front”, dating back to the First World War.

The continuation of the pan-European theme of the “lost generation” was the novel Silence (1962), which describes the difficulties associated with entering civilian life for young people who went to the front from school. In the novel Hot Snow (1969), the problem of the values ​​of the human person is very acute. If we consider Bondarev’s work from the early 1970s, we can draw a line between how the severity of psychological conflicts is coupled with private life, while emphasizing the responsibility of each person for his own destiny. Be it the relationship between the “conqueror” and the vanquished, a man and a woman, the choice between the pains of true creativity and the well-being of routine, between the life of a traitor and the death of a hero. The hero of Bondarev's novels is a strong, successful and creative person.