Lamp luminous flux 40 W. What is a lumen? Lumen and Lux? What is the lumen per watt unit used for? Characteristics of various types of incandescent lamps

Disputes on the topic of comparing the luminous flux of diode and other types of lamps constantly arise on the vast expanses of the Internet. This is due to the uniqueness technical parameters LEDs as a light source, namely the specifics of point sources.

All light sources, whether incandescent or fluorescent, have a circular light dispersion diagram, while for an LED it is a beam with a dispersion angle of about 120 0. Therefore, the characteristics of diode lighting depend on the angle from which they are assessed.

Comparison of light from different sources

For example, often on the packaging of 4W LEDs with a luminous flux of 400 lm, a 50W incandescent lamp is depicted as equivalent. In fact, the total luminous flux of the second is almost a quarter higher.

But if you compare effective illumination of the table surface from a table lamp with an ordinary lamp and diodes, the gain is on the side of LED, since they have a smaller diameter of the light spot and significantly less light dispersion.

Luminous flux table fluorescent lamps
Power, W	Power, Lm
5	260
8	420
12	630
15	900
20	1200
24	1500
The average indicator of fluorescent light bulbs is 50-60 Lm/W

Luminous flux table LED lamps
Power, W	Power, Lm
5	380-500
9	700-1000
12	1100-1200
15	1300-1400
Average LED indicator 80-120 Lm/W

The spread of luminous flux parameters is due to its dependence on color temperature. For cold diodes white light (Colorful temperature 5000-7000 K) luminous flux is higher than warm light LEDs (2800-3500 K).

Let's look at this information from a practical point of view.

When choosing an ordinary incandescent light bulb, we intuitively understand that the bathroom needs 75 watts, in the hallway you can get by with 60 watts, and in the living room you will have to screw three hundred each. And no one wonders how many lumens there are in them.

What are lumens in LED lamps

With the transition to LED, the concept of brightness and illumination has to be viewed from a completely different perspective. As can be seen from the tables, the power of LEDs when replacing an incandescent lamp should be approximately ten times less. But here it is necessary to take into account the intended purpose of the lighting.

If we talk about indoor lighting, one hundred watt incandescents produce as many lumens as ten-watt LEDs. With only one caveat - radial design products are used as a diode light bulb. As in the picture.

Work surface lighting

To illuminate work surfaces, flat LED modules are used, since there is no reason to illuminate the inner surface of the lampshade.

In such a system, the effective incandescent brightness does not exceed 60% of the nominal value. The pure luminous flux from 60W will be about 350 lumens (630 * 0.6). But the efficiency of LEDs in such a system is almost 100%.

Accordingly, the calculated power of the LEDs will not exceed 5W.

Illumination and luminous flux

For the average consumer, it is not so important how many lux the light source produces. It is more important that at this level of illumination it is comfortable for vision when reading or writing.

All sanitary rules standardize the lighting of the working surface in lux. Whether it’s a page of a book or a sheet of paper, for comfortable work there should be 300 lux on their surface, which corresponds to 30 Lm/sq.m.

How many lumens in a 100W incandescent lamp is important, for example, for organizing a child’s workplace, where he will do homework or do other things.

It is extremely difficult to calculate the illumination of a surface, even knowing how many lumens are in a 100W light bulb, since most of this flux comes in the form of reflected light. For diodes, an elementary formula from a school geometry course is enough.

H– distance from the LEDs to the surface;

D– diameter of the light spot;

D = 2 * Tg60 0 * h = 1.16 * h;

Area of ​​circle = 3.14 * D 2 / 4 = 0.785 * D * D;

Illuminance = luminous flux / circle area.

Total: LED source a light with a power of 15W and a luminous flux of 800Lm, placed on the ceiling above the table, will provide about 300 lux.

How many lumens are in an incandescent lamp? what is the equivalent of a 100 W incandescent lamp? how to determine the luminous flux of a lamp? how many lumens are in a light bulb? What are LED analogues of incandescent lamps? How many lumens are in 1 W LED light bulb?

How many lumens are in the lamp?

How many lumens are in an incandescent lamp?

For the average consumer, it is always difficult to understand technical innovations and their characteristics. Likewise for LED lamps, the following questions are often asked:

• what is the equivalent of a 100 W incandescent lamp?
• how to determine the luminous flux of a lamp?
• how many lumens in a light bulb?
• What are LED analogues of incandescent lamps?
• how many lumens in 1 W LED light bulb?

Below is a table of the ratio of Lm (Lumen) to W (Watt), for an incandescent lamp in relation to an LED lamp.

How many lumens are in 1 W of an LED light bulb?

Depending on quality, manufacturer and voltage - light flow in LEDs it varies from 80 to 150 Lm per 1 W. By increasing the voltage of the LED, the luminous flux also increases, but the temperature generated by it also increases. To reduce the temperature, cooling is used in the form of various radiators and cooling systems.

What is a lumen?

Lumen This is the measurement value of the luminous flux of a light source.

How to determine “how many lumens” are in your light bulb?

First of all, the luminous flux is indicated on the box or in the specification for the product. You can also find a similar lamp from well-known manufacturers and compare the characteristics with them.

If we want to determine it ourselves, then we need to use a lux meter and determine the illumination at each point in the room. Lux is the ratio of the number of lumens per illuminated area (1 lux - 1 lumen per square meter). You need to know what illumination the manufacturer stated for a separate LED lamp.

In practice, the main value is the illumination indicator on the working surface, measured in Lux (Lux). Moreover, the illumination of working surfaces and premises for various fields of activity must comply with state standards specified in SNiP 05/23/2010

Standards for illumination of working surfaces for premises -

How many lumens are there in LEDs relative to other light sources?

Explanation of abbreviations:

LN - incandescent lamp,

GLN - halogen lamp,

LL - fluorescent lamp,

CFL - compact fluorescent lamp,

MGL - metal halide lamp.

DRL- high-pressure gas-discharge mercury lamps.

Designed for general lighting of industrial premises and open spaces.

D - arc
R - mercury
L - lamp

Lamp type	Power, W	Length, mm	Diameter, mm	Base type	Light flow
DRL 125	125	178	76	E-27	about 5500
DRL 250	250	228	91	E-40	about 12000
DRL 400	400	292	122	E-40	about 20000
DRL 700	700	357	152	E-40	about 40,000
DRL 1000	1000	411	167	E-40	about 55000

When using DRL lamps in luminaires, the light output is reduced due to re-reflection losses by up to 40%, depending on the lamp body and the diffuser used!

There are many myths around the concept of “lumen”, so in order to dispel some of them, let’s consider the most frequently asked questions, such as: how many lumens are in an incandescent lamp, in an LED lamp, how many lumens does 1W of an LED lamp contain, how to determine its luminous flux , and which LED lamps are similar to incandescent lamps.

First, let’s figure out what the concept of “lumen” means. A lumen is a unit of measurement of the luminous flux emitted by a light source, which may be an incandescent lamp, LED lamp, light emitting diode or other lighting fixture.

To make it easier to carry out comparative analysis, you can refer to the table, which shows the ratio of DP (lumens) to the power of the lighting device (W) for incandescent, fluorescent and LED lamps. Based on these data, it is clear that LED lamps are 10 times more efficient than incandescent lamps, and 2 times more efficient than fluorescent lamps. In addition, unlike fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps, an LED lamp, and therefore an LED, emits directional light, from which we can conclude that the illumination from an LED lamp will be significantly higher. Therefore, using an LED street lamp as lighting, you can achieve much better illumination than when using other lamps.

As for the number of lumens in a 1W LED lamp.

For LEDs, the luminous flux ranges from 80 to 150 Lm per 1 W. This is due to some differences in the current-voltage characteristics of LEDs and cooling systems. The luminous flux of experimental LEDs reaches 220 Lm/W, but such LEDs are not found in mass production.

How can you determine the number of lumens in a lamp or light bulb?

Usually this information is indicated on the packaging or in the instructions for the product, but you can also use tabular data.
To independently determine lumens, you need a lux meter that determines the level of illumination in each area of ​​the room. Suite in in this case– this is the quantitative ratio of lumens per lighting area (1 lux-1 lumen per m2). When the luminous intensity emanating from an isotropic source is 1 candela, the total luminous flux is 4

Incandescent lamp is an electric light source that emits light flow as a result of heating a conductor made of refractory metal (tungsten). Tungsten has the most high temperature melting among all pure metals (3693 K). The filament is located in a glass flask filled with an inert gas (argon, krypton, nitrogen). Inert gas protects filaments from oxidation. For low-power incandescent lamps (25 W), vacuum flasks are made that are not filled with inert gas. The glass bulb prevents the negative effects of atmospheric air on the tungsten filament.

To calculate the room illumination, you can use the room illumination calculator.

Types of incandescent lamps.

Incandescent lamps are divided into:

• Vacuum;
• Argon (nitrogen-argon);
• Krypton (+10% brightness from argon);
• Xenon (2 times brighter than argon);
• Halogen (composition I or Br, 2.5 times brighter than argon, long service life);
• Halogen with two flasks (improved halogen cycle due to better heating of the inner flask);
• Xenon-halogen (composition Xe + I or Br, up to 3 times brighter than argon);
• Xenon-halogen with IR reflector;
• Filament with a coating that converts infrared radiation into the visible range. (new)

Advantages and disadvantages of incandescent lamps.

Advantages:

• low cost;
• instant ignition when turned on;
• small overall dimensions;
• wide power range.

Flaws:

• high brightness (negatively affects vision);
• short service life - up to 1000 hours;
• low efficiency. (only a tenth of the lamp consumed electrical energy converted into visible luminous flux), the rest of the energy is converted into heat.

Characteristics of incandescent lamps.

Light flow- This physical quantity, characterizing the amount of “light” power in the corresponding radiation flux.

Luminous output- this is the ratio of the luminous flux emitted by a source to the power it consumes, measured in lumens per watt (lm/W). It is an indicator of the efficiency and economy of light sources.

Lumen is a unit of measurement of luminous flux, luminous quantity.

Luminous flux and luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps.

Type, power, W	Light flow (lumen)	Luminous output (lm/watt)
Lamp incandescent 5 W
Lamp incandescent 10 W
Lamp incandescent 15 W
Lamp incandescent 25 W	220
Lamp incandescent 40 W	420
Lamp incandescent 60 W	710
Lamp incandescent 75 W	935
Lamp incandescent 100 W	1350
Lamp incandescent 150 W	1800
Lamp incandescent 200 W	2500
Sun	3,63.10 28
Ideal source Sveta		683,002

Comparative table of the ratio of luminous flux to power consumption of various types of lamps.

Lamp incandescent, power, W	L.L lamp, power, W	Light-emitting diode. lamp, power W	Light flow, Lm
20 W	5-7 W	2-3 W	About 250 lm
40 W	10-13 W	4-5 W	About 400 lm
60 W	15-16 W	8-10 W	About 700 lm
75 W	18-20 W	10-12 W	About 900 lm
100 W	25-30 W	12-15 W	About 1200 lm
150 W	40-50 W	18-20 W	About 1800 lm
200 W	60-80 W	25-30 W	About 2500 lm

Characteristics of different types of lamps in terms of light transmission.

• LN- incandescent lamps;
• GLN - halogen lamp;
• CFL- compact fluorescent lamps;
• MGL- metal halide lamps;
• LL- fluorescent lamps;
• LEDs- LED bulbs.

Characteristics of various types of incandescent lamps.

Lamp voltage - U, Volt;

Lamp power - W, W;

Luminous flux - Lm, Lumen.

General purpose incandescent lamps (standard).

Lamp type	U, V	W, W	Lm	Term services Ch.	Length mm	Diam. Mm	Type plinth
B 220-230-25-1	225		200	1000	105		E27
B 220-230-40-1	225		430	1000	105		E27
B 220-230-60-1	225		730	1000	105		E27
B 220-230-75-1	225		960	1000	105		E27
B 220-230-100	225	100	1380	1000	105		E27
B 220-235-40-2	230		335	1000			E27
B 225-235-60-2	230		655	1000			E27
B 225-235-100-2	230	100	1203	1000			E27
B 235-245-150-1	240	150	2180	1000	130		E27
RN 220-230-15-4	225			600			E14
RN 220-230-200-1	225	200	2950	1000	145		E27
RN 220-230-300	225	300	3350	1000	140		E27
RN 230-240-300	235	300	4800	1000	200	200	E40
RN 215-225-500	220	500	8400	1000	240	132	E40

General purpose incandescent lamps (minions).

Lamp type	U,V	W,W	Lm	Term Services Ch.	Length mm	Diam. mm	Type plinth
DS 220-230-40	225		400	1000	103		E14
DS 220-230-60	225		680	1000	103		E14
DSO 235-245-40	240		395	1000	103		E14
DSO 235-245-60	240		670	1000	103		E14

General purpose incandescent lamps (mirror).

Lamp type	U,V	W,W	Lm	Term services Ch.	Length mm	Diam. mm	Type plinth
3K 220-230-40(R63)	225		450	1000	102,5	63,5	E27
3D 220-230-60(R80)	225		200	1000	116		E27
3D 220-230-75(R80)	225		280	1000	116		E27
3D 220-230-100(R80)	225	100	410	1000	116		E27

General purpose incandescent lamps (matte).

Lamp type	U,V	W,W	Lm	Term Services Ch.	Length mm	Diam. mm	Type Base
BO 230-240-40	235		420	1000	105		E27
BO 230-240-60	235		710	1000	105		E27	U,V	W,W	Lm	Term Services	Length Mm	Diam. mm	Type plinth
MO 36-25			300	1000	108		E27
MO 12-40			620	1000	108		E27
MO 36-40			580	1000	108		E27
MO 36-60			950	1000	108		E27
MO 36-100		100	1590	1000	108	Term services Ch.	Length mm	Diam. mm	Type plinth
KG 220-500-1	220	500	14000	3200	2000	132		R7s
KG 220-1000-5	220	1000	22000	3200	2000	189		R7s
KG 220-1500	220	1500	33000	3200	2000	254		R7s
KG 220-2000-4	220	2000	44000	3200	2000	335		R7s

Schemes for switching on incandescent lamps.

Wiring diagram for switching on a single-lamp lamp with a socket.

Schematic diagram of switching on one lamp with a switch and a plug socket.

Ten years ago, choosing the right light bulb was easier, because incandescent lamps were labeled with maximum power. Currently, new LED lamps are becoming increasingly popular. Choosing a product of the required power in the modern era of lighting is more difficult, because LED lamps, compact fluorescent lamps and others energy-saving lamps completely changed the power values. Now focusing on watts will not be entirely correct, and it is not always possible. If in a regular store a specialist can still help you choose the right light bulb, then when making a purchase online, you are unlikely to find the watt in the description of this light bulb.

What is luminous flux?

Watts refers to the amount of energy consumed. For example, a 100-watt light bulb uses more energy than a 60-watt light bulb. This value shows how much energy will be spent - it does not in any way indicate the number of light rays that the lamp produces. 1 lumen shows how much light you get from a light bulb.

Lumen is a unit of measurement luminous flux in the calculation system. How brighter light bulb, the greater this value will be. For example, a regular 40 W incandescent lamp has a luminous flux of 300 lumens. Converting lumens to watts is not as easy as it seems.

The packaging of each product must contain information about how much light the product produces. When electrical energy is converted into light rays, some of it is lost and therefore high values ​​are not achieved. You may notice that this indicator for incandescent lamps is 12 lumens per watt, while fluorescent lamps provide 60 lumens per watt. LED lamps provide maximum illumination with minimal energy consumption - up to 90 lumens per watt.

Using this approach, it is not always possible to obtain correct results, because even light bulbs of the same type with the same power may have different attitude luminous flux to energy costs, and the difference can be quite significant. Below is a table that allows you to convert watts to lumens for a lamp during first use. With its help you can easily find out how many lumens are in an incandescent lamp, for example.

The table shows that an LED lamp with a luminous flux of 600 lm is not equivalent to a 60 W incandescent lamp, and 1,000 lm is not equivalent to a 100 W incandescent lamp.

Parameters that determine the luminous flux indicator and its calculation

The beam consists of a stream of particles - photons. When these particles enter a person's eyes, certain visual sensations arise. The more photons hit the retina in a certain period of time, the more illuminated the object appears to us. Thus, lamps emit a luminous flux of photons, which, when entering the eyes, allow us to clearly see objects in front of us.

Unfortunately, the longer a light bulb is used, the less brightness it can produce. The lamp itself can also deteriorate the illumination indicator, because losses often depend on the quality of the lamp material. The greatest losses of luminous flux are observed in gas-discharge sources; in fluorescent lamps these losses can be 20–30%, in incandescent lamps – 10–15%. LED lamps have the highest light output - light loss is less than 5%.

To convert the luminous flux of a lamp into lumens, use the average luminous output values:

• for diode products, multiply the power by 80–90 lm/W for light bulbs with a frosted bulb and get the light flux;
• for diode filament (transparent products with yellow stripes), multiply the energy consumption by 100 lm/W;
• multiply fluorescent energy-saving lamps by 60 lm/W;
• for a HPS lamp this value will be 66 lm/W for 70W; 74 lm/W for 100W, 150W, 250W; 88 lm/W at 400W;
• for a mercury arc lamp the multiplier will be 58 lm/W;
• a 100-watt incandescent bulb produces approximately 1,200 lumens. If the power is reduced to 40 W, the flux will reach 400 lm. But a 60-watt light bulb has an indicator of about 800 lm.

If you need to accurately determine the luminous flux, you will need a lux meter. Using it you can calculate , what luminous flux will be at selected points in the room using a known method.

One lux corresponds to a certain luminous flux falling on an illuminated surface with an area of ​​one square meter. You can determine the approximate value of the luminous flux created by a particular source using the formula:

Ф = E x S,
where S is the area of ​​all surfaces of the room you are examining (in square meters), and E is the illumination (in lux).

So if the surface area is 75 sq. meters, and the illumination is 40 lux, the luminous flux is 3,000 lumens. To accurately calculate the luminous flux, many other spatial factors will have to be taken into account.

If you select an LED lamp according to all parameters correctly, if you comply with all the requirements of the manufacturer, it is guaranteed to last for many years. Currently, the least energy-consuming products that provide the most illumination are not cheap, but over time they will become available to all consumers.