The statesman Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov was born. Birth of statesman Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov See what “Bludov Dmitry Nikolaevich” is in other dictionaries

Born on the family estate of Romanov, Vladimir province. Having received an excellent education at home (professors from Moscow University taught him) and knowing several foreign languages, in 1800 he began serving in the Moscow archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs under the leadership of the famous historian N.

N. Bantysh-Kamensky. In 1801, the capable “archival youth” was transferred to St. Petersburg, to the College of Foreign Affairs, and in 1807, on the recommendation of N.M. Karamzin, with whom he was very friendly, he entered diplomatic work. At first he served as secretary of the Russian embassy in Holland, and in 1810 he became the ruler of the diplomatic office of the commander-in-chief of the Danube Army, Count N. M. Kamensky. Later he was an adviser to the Russian embassy in Sweden. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count I. A. Kapodistrias, valued him very much and called him “the pearl of Russian diplomats.” In 1820, Bludov returned to St. Petersburg and, having received the rank of full state councilor, began to think about resigning, since he could not get along with the new minister Nesselrode.

After leaving the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Bludov in January 1826 became the clerk of the Investigative Commission created in the case of the Decembrists. Based on the investigation materials, he prepared a report to the sovereign “On Malicious Societies,” which was approved by Nicholas I and published in a supplement to Russian newspapers. The report actually served as the basis for the verdict handed down by the Supreme Criminal Court.

Once Emperor Nicholas I, addressing his court historiographer Karamzin, said: “Imagine that no one around me can write two pages in Russian, except for Speransky.” Karamzin recommended that he take a closer look at young people who had proven themselves in the diplomatic field - D. N. Bludov and D. V. Dashkov. This advice could not have come at a better time. Both friends were “granted” secretaries of state. The decree regarding Bludov was signed by the emperor on July 11, 1826, and on November 25 he also became a colleague of the Minister of Public Education. In December 1828 Bludov was “awarded” the rank of Privy Councilor and became the chief administrator of affairs of foreign confessions. The memoirist A.I. Koshelev, who worked under him, recalled: “He did a lot of good, was accessible to everyone and was ready to listen to everyone to whom he could be useful in some way.”

In February 1832 Bludov was appointed Minister of the Interior and member of the State Council. In February 1839 - Minister of Justice and Prosecutor General, but remained in this post only until the end of the year.

On December 31, 1839, Bludov took the place of his deceased friend D.V. Dashkov, chairman of the department of laws of the State Council and chief manager of the 2nd Department of his own Imperial Majesty office.

The intense work of D.N. Bludov was generously rewarded. In 1842 he became a count, and in 1845 he received the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called as a reward (two years later he was also awarded the diamond badge of this order). In 1851, Nicholas I “granted” him a ring with diamonds, and in 1852 - his own portrait with diamonds to wear in his buttonhole. In 1856, the new Emperor Alexander II presented him with his portrait with diamonds to be worn on St. Andrew's ribbon.

From his youth, Dmitry Nikolaevich was engaged in literary work: he wrote articles, critical analyzes and even epigrams. He was a keen connoisseur of literature.

Many were afraid of his wit. He became one of the founders of the literary society "Arzamas". Throughout my life I have kept in touch with many famous poets and writers. V. A. Zhukovsky wrote to him: “You are a friend and brother of the singer Lyudmila, you were a friend of Karamzin.” Subsequently, busy state affairs, he paid less attention to creativity, although he still published several interesting historical essays and articles: “Notes about the famous impostor Tarakanova”, “Daily notes of Prince Menshikov”, “The Conspiracy and Execution of Mirovich” and others. In 1866, Bludov’s original diary “Thoughts and Remarks” was published.

Count D.N. Bludov died on February 19, 1864; buried at the Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.

D.N. Bludov dealt with all the affairs of the Governing Senate, led the local prosecutorial authorities, sending them several important circulars, including those relating to the detention of prisoners.

Circular from the Minister of Justice and Prosecutor General D. N. Bludov

(Extract)

It has been noticed that prisoners are sometimes placed in prisons without due attention to their age and degree of crime. In order to avert the evil that may arise from this, I strictly order all provincial, regional and other prosecutors to observe in every possible way, in provincial cities personally, and in the district through district attorneys, that the prescribed ... rules for the placement of prisoners are carried out exactly, under fear of deviation from them penalties from the perpetrators to the fullest extent of the law.

On December 15, 1839, Bludov, “for the closest monitoring of the progress of cases regarding prisoners,” ordered his subordinate prosecutors “in addition to the monthly reports they submit to the Sovereign Emperor about prisoners held for more than a year, compiling one general report from all such reports, to submit one when reporting to the Minister of Justice.”

Having left the post of Minister of Justice and Prosecutor General, D.I. Bludov took responsible positions in the State Council, and subsequently headed it. Here his enormous talent as a statesman was fully demonstrated. In 1842 and 1855, two new editions of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire were published under his editorship, and in 1845, the Code of Criminal and Correctional Punishments (the first Criminal Code of Russia) was prepared. In 1855 Bludov headed the Imperial Academy of Sciences.

Realizing the need for radical reforms of the judicial system in the empire, Dmitry Nikolaevich began preparations for the reform back in the 1840s. A huge factual material, which was subsequently used by the drafters of the Judicial Statutes. He took a direct part in drawing up documents on the Peasant Reform, and on February 19, 1861, already in the rank of Chairman of the State Council and the Committee of Ministers, he signed the acts on the liberation of peasants from serfdom.

Count Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov was born on April 5, 1785 in the family estate of Romanov, Vladimir province. Having received an excellent education at home, at the age of fifteen he began serving in the Moscow archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs under the leadership of the famous historian N.N. Bantysh-Kamensky. In 1801, the capable “archival youth” was transferred to St. Petersburg to the College of Foreign Affairs, and in 1807, on the recommendation of N.M. Karamzin, he entered diplomatic work. At first, Dmitry Nikolaevich served as secretary of the Russian embassy in Holland, and in 1810 he became the ruler of the diplomatic office of the commander-in-chief of the Danube Army, Count N.M. Kamensky. Later he was a counselor at the embassy in Sweden. The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count I.A. Kapodistrias, called him “the pearl of Russian diplomats.” In 1820, D.N. Bludov returned to St. Petersburg and began to think about resigning, since he could not get along with the new minister K.V. Nesselrode.

After leaving the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Dmitry Nikolaevich in January 1826 became the clerk of the Investigative Commission created in the case of the Decembrists. Based on the investigation materials, he prepared a report to the sovereign “On Malicious Societies,” which was approved by Nicholas I and published in a supplement to Russian newspapers. The report actually served as the basis for the verdict of the Supreme Criminal Court. On July 11, 1826, D.N. Bludov received a new appointment - the emperor's secretary of state, and on November 25 he became a companion to the minister of public education and the chief administrator of affairs of foreign confessions. In 1830, Dmitry Nikolaevich was awarded the Order of St. Anna, 1st degree. Soon he was appointed fellow minister, and in 1832, Minister of Internal Affairs and member of the State Council. For a short time, from February to December 1839, D.N. Bludov served as Minister of Justice and Prosecutor General and took energetic measures to improve the work of the department subordinate to him. On December 31, 1839, Dmitry Nikolaevich took the place of his deceased friend D.V. Dashkov - chairman of the department of laws of the State Council and chief manager of the 2nd department of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery. In these responsible positions, Dmitry Nikolaevich’s enormous talent as a statesman was fully demonstrated. In 1842 and 1855, two new editions of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire were published under his editorship, and in 1845 the Code on Criminal and Correctional Punishments was prepared. Understanding the need for radical reforms of the judicial system, D.N. Bludov began preparations for the reform back in the 40s. A huge amount of factual material was collected, which was subsequently used by the drafters of the Judicial Charters. He took part in the preparation of documents for the Peasant Reform of 1861, and on February 19, already in the rank of Chairman of the State Council and the Committee of Ministers, he signed the acts on the liberation of peasants from serfdom. In 1855, D.N. Bludov became President of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. The intense activity of the actual Privy Councilor D.N. Bludov was generously rewarded by the sovereign. In 1842 he became a count, and in 1845 he received the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called as a reward (two years later he was also awarded the diamond badge of this order). In 1851, Nicholas I “granted” him a ring with diamonds, and in 1852 - his own portrait with diamonds to wear in his buttonhole. In 1856, the new Emperor Alexander II presented him with his portrait with diamonds to wear on St. Andrew’s ribbon.

From his youth, Dmitry Nikolaevich was engaged in literary creativity: he wrote articles, critical analyzes, even epigrams. He was a keen connoisseur of literature and had great taste. Many were afraid of his wit. He was one of the founders of the Arzamas literary society. Throughout his life he maintained contacts with many famous poets and writers. V.A. Zhukovsky wrote to him: “You are a friend and brother of the singer Lyudmila, you were a friend of Karamzin.”

Count D.N. Bludov died on February 19, 1864 and was buried in the cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov was married to Princess Anna Andreevna Shcherbatova and had a large family. One of his daughters, Antonina Dmitrievna, achieved fame as a writer.

Bludov Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov, Dmitry Nikolaevich, count - statesman (1785 - 1864). He came from a very old noble family. Under the guidance of his mother, a woman of outstanding intelligence, energy and high moral qualities, Bludov received an excellent education at home. In 1800, Bludov entered service under the command of Bantysh-Kamensky in the Moscow Archives of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs, where he moved among the “archive youths” fleeing a common noble career - military service; Of these, Bludov especially became friends with Dashkov, and through him he met and subsequently became friends with Zhukovsky. Upon the accession of Emperor Alexander I to the throne, Bludov went to serve in St. Petersburg, in the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. Together with the best part of the St. Petersburg youth, he was keen on the liberal direction of the young emperor and welcomed the proposed reforms. In 1807, Bludov received his first diplomatic mission to Holland to King Louis Bonaparte. In 1810, Bludov was appointed ruler of the diplomatic office of Count Kamensky, who commanded the Danube Army in Turkish war. He later held diplomatic posts in Stockholm and London. Count Kapodistrias gave Bludov instructions to acquaint the foreign press with the current state of affairs in Russia and, through English newspapers, to defend our policy from attacks by the foreign press. Bludov became an ardent admirer of Kapodistrias and his political system: he shared his negative attitude towards Holy Alliance and to Metternich, did not believe in Austrian friendship, saw in Austria our natural rival in influencing Balkan affairs. Together with Russian public opinion, Bludov stood for Russian intervention in the Greek struggle against Turkey. Kapodistrias called Bludov “the pearl of Russian diplomats.” Upon returning from England, Bludov worked on the translation and publication of “Documents for the history of diplomatic relations between Russia and the Western powers in 1814 - 1822.” In this work, he had to develop the Russian diplomatic language for the first time. With the resignation of Kapodistrias, Bludov's diplomatic career ended. In 1825, Emperor Nicholas I, on the instructions of Karamzin, appointed Bludov as clerk of the Supreme Commission of Inquiry on the December 14 case. For Bludov this was not an easy task, since many of the Decembrists were well known to him. The “report on secret” he compiled political societies"served as material for the verdict of the Supreme Court. This work of Bludov gave rise to an interesting literary controversy: the Decembrist emigrant Nikolai Turgenev, in the book "La Russie et les russes", sharply condemns Bludov for the criminal frivolity and legal blunders of the report. Before publishing his book about Russia , Turgenev sent Bludov excerpts from it, asking in a letter to refute the accusations or, in any case, to explain. Bludov left this letter without an answer. Already after Bludov’s death, his friend and biographer, Yegor Kovalevsky, spoke out in defense of Bludov’s memory from these attacks. Turgenev published his “Answers” to Kovalevsky’s book, in which new strength repeats his accusation. At the end of the case about the Decembrists, Bludov was appointed Secretary of State and comrade of the Minister of Public Education. In 1827, he drew up a decree on the non-admission of children of serfs into educational establishments. In 1828, Count Lieven was appointed Minister of Public Education (in place of Shishkov), and the main administration of affairs of foreign religions passed to his comrade Bludov. In this new position, Bludov, at the direction of the sovereign, became close to Joseph Semashko and together with him prepared the reunification of the Uniates with Orthodox Church. Since 1832, Bludov managed the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in 1837 he was appointed Minister of Justice, in 1839 - the chief manager of the II department of His Majesty's Own Chancellery, a member of the State Council and chairman of the department of laws. In 1842 he was granted the dignity of count. Under the editorship of Bludov, the II Department published two editions of the Code of Laws (1842 and 1857). In 1845, the “Code on Punishments” compiled by Section II was promulgated. In his quest to transform civil justice, Bludov met stubborn resistance from the Minister of Justice, Panin, who adhered to “historically proven practice.” With the new reign, 70-year-old Bludov, a loyal employee of Nicholas I, succumbed to the new transformative direction of the government. In 1857, drafts of new judicial statutes, criminal and civil, and the statute of the judicial system were drawn up, but after the liberation of the peasants, judicial reform was broader and transferred to other hands. Since 1857, Bludov participated in the preparation of peasant reform. In 1859, he opposed increasing censorship strictures, speaking out against “constraints on the country’s mental development.” In 1861 - 1862 Bludov chaired the State Council and the Committee of Ministers. IN government activities Bludov is difficult to point to one direction that has been accepted. He always surrendered to the prevailing mood and changed his views according to the views of the government. He was always in the service only as an honest and talented executor of the supreme will. In his youth, Bludov took an active part in the literary movement of the early 19th century. The famous "Arzamas" got its name from Bludov's satirical article "Vision in Arzamas". In Voeikov's humorous "Parnassian address-calendar" Bludov is designated as "the state secretary of the god Taste in separating good works from meaningless ones and branding the latter with the seal of rejection." Almost all the main works of art of that era were read in Bludov's house in manuscripts. Vyazemsky in his message greets Bludov this way: “You are the friend and brother of the singer Lyudmila, you were Karamzin’s friend.” In the name of this old friendship, Bludov published the last, unfinished volume of Karamzin’s “History” and was in charge of the publication of Zhukovsky’s posthumous poems. Surrendering completely public service Bludov did not have leisure for literary work. There are only a few left of him historical notes(on behalf of Emperor Nicholas, he developed some archival documents) and the brochure “The Last Hours of the Life of Emperor Nicholas I.” Bludov was considered an excellent stylist in his time; he was often tasked with drafting manifestos. In 1855 he was appointed president of the Academy of Sciences and retained this position until his death. - See Kovalevsky, “Bludov and His Time”; "Notes of Count Antonina Dmitrievna Bludova" ("Russian Archive", 1872 - 1875); Wiegel's Notes; Dylevsky, "Joseph Semashko"; Tourgueneff, “La Russie et les russes” and “Responses to Chapter IX of Kovalevsky’s book and to the article “Russian Invalid”; “Speech of the President of the Academy of Sciences at the meeting on December 23, 1855”; “Great meeting of the Academy of Sciences on December 29, 1864.” ; B. Dzhanshiev, "The Age of Great Reforms"; his, "The Age and Judicial Reform"; "Russian Biographical Dictionary". L. Shchukareva.

Biographical Dictionary. 2000 .

See what “Bludov Dmitry Nikolaevich” is in other dictionaries:

Russian statesman, count (since 1842). Nephew of the poet G. R. Derzhavin. He was promoted thanks to his participation in 1826 in the Supreme Commission of Inquiry in the case... ... Big Soviet encyclopedia

- (1785 1864) count (from 1842), Russian statesman. One of the founders of Arzamas. In 1832 38 Minister of the Interior. In 1839 62, the chief administrator of the Second Department, led the development of the Code of Punishments (1845). In 1855 the 64th President... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Wikipedia has articles about other people with this surname, see Bludov. Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov ... Wikipedia

Russian statesman and public figure, writer, count, academician.

1800s - first half of the 1820s

From impoverished nobles. He was raised by his mother. From a young age he was enrolled in the Izmailovsky Regiment, but chose to serve in the civilian sector. Since 1800 in the Moscow archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. Being an archive worker, he became close to F.F. Vigel, A.I. Turgenev. His acquaintance with K.N. dates back to the same time. Batyushkov and V.A. Zhukovsky. In 1803, he met N.M. Karamzin. In 1807, on the advice of the latter, he switched to diplomatic work, moving to the capital. The following year he was sent to Holland to present the order to King Louis Bonaparte; until 1810 he was secretary of the Russian Embassy in Holland. From 1810 he headed the diplomatic office of General N.M. Kamensky. In 1812-1814. was in Sweden: adviser to the Russian embassy (1812-1813), then charge d'affaires of the Russian mission (1813-1814). In 1814 he returned to his homeland.

From his parody of members of the society “Conversation of lovers of the Russian word” entitled “Vision in the Arzamas tavern, published by the society learned people", began the history of the literary society "Arzamas" (1815-1818), which united writers and public figures of the Karamzin circle. Meetings were often held in Bludov’s house; he himself bore the playful nickname “Cassandra” in society. In 1817-1820 in the English capital, adviser to the Russian embassy. Since 1822, he was seconded to the Ministry of Internal Affairs for Bessarabia affairs.

Second half of the 1820s-1830s

In 1826, according to the dying will of N.M. Karamzin prepared the 12th volume of “History of the Russian State” for publication. Subsequently, he rarely appeared in the literary field, mainly as the author of works on history. Author of the book “The Last Hours of the Life of Emperor Nicholas I” (1855), republished in many languages, in the 1850s. was also involved in the preparation of the academic edition of the works of V.A. Zhukovsky.

After the accession of Nicholas I, he began to engage in politics. From the beginning of 1826, he was a member of the Supreme Commission of Inquiry into the Decembrist case. He prepared materials for publication about the progress of the investigation; they formed the basis of the official “Report” of the commission. Participation in the investigation severed Bludov’s relations with many former “Arzamas residents.”

In 1826 he was Secretary of State, clerk of the “Committee of December 6, 1826”, comrade of the Minister of Public Education. In 1826-1830 described materials from the archives of the Cabinet of His Imperial Majesty. Since 1828, he was engaged in the spiritual de-la-mi of foreign faiths. In 1830-1831 temporarily managed the Ministry of Justice. Minister of the Interior (1832-1839). During these years, by his decision, police district camps were created, and the publication of “Provincial Gazette” began throughout the country (1837). Since 1832, member of the State Council (since 1862, its chairman). In 1837 he temporarily headed the Ministry of Justice, in 1839 - Minister of Justice.

1840-1860s

In 1839/1840-1861 was the chief manager of the 2nd from-de-le-ni-em Own-st-ven-noy E.I.V. office, also chaired the Department of Laws of the State Council. Under his leadership, 2 editions of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire (1842, 1857), and the “Code of Punishments” (1845) were prepared. In 1847 he signed a concordat with the Pope on a system of government Roman Catholic churches in Russia. In 1857, he prepared a “Note on Judicial Rules” proposing innovations, including trial by jury. At the same time, he began to take part in the preparation of the peasant reform of 1861. Since 1856, he was the chairman of the Main Committee on the Establishment of Ev-re-evs, since 1857 - the Committee on Children's Shelters. Since 1862, head of the Committee of Ministers.

In 1855-1864. was the president of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Under him, several commissions were created to develop a new charter for the Academy, but during Bludov’s lifetime this work was never successful. He did not always approve of reforms at the academy, which is why under him its leadership was often accused of conservatism.

Bludov was an honorary member of the Society of Russian History and Antiquities (1827), Russian Academy(1828), the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at the Imperial Moscow University (1829), the Imperial Russian Geographical Society and other scientific institutions.

He stood at the origins of the literary society "Arzamas". Since 1855 he headed the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.

Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov

Date of Birth	April 5 (16)
Place of Birth	With. Romanovo, Shuisky district, Vladimir province, Russian empire
Date of death	February 19 (March 2)(78 years old)
A place of death	Saint Petersburg
Citizenship	Russian empire Russian empire
Occupation	linguist, politician
Father	Nikolai Yakovlevich Bludov (d.1785)
Mother	Ekaterina Ermolaevna Tishina (1754-1807)
Children	Antonina Dmitrievna Bludova
Awards and prizes
Autograph
Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov at Wikimedia Commons

early years

He came from an ordinary noble family of the Bludovs. Born in Shuisky district, Vladimir province, on his father's estate Romanovo. Having lost his father early, he was raised by his mother Ekaterina Ermolaevna, the daughter of state councilor Ermolai Vasilyevich Tishin. Having moved with her to Moscow, in 1800 he entered the service of the archive of foreign affairs, where he met, among others, the Turgenev brothers, Dashkov and Vigel. In his notes, the latter does not spare kind words towards Bludov, who subsequently provided him with patronage.

Thanks to the patronage of the wife of Field Marshal Kamensky, young Bludov transferred to the diplomatic service in a foreign collegium and moved to St. Petersburg. As the cousin of V. A. Ozerov and the cousin of G. R. Derzhavin, he was readily accepted in the circle of metropolitan writers. Together with Zhukovsky, he was in the ranks of young writers who, under the banner of Karamzin, fought with the weapon of irony against the extremes of the Shishkov school.

Having entered the diplomatic field early, Bludov limited his participation in literature to close ties with young writers of the Karamzin circle, who often turned to him for advice. In 1815, Bludov, Dashkov and several other people organized the Arzamas society, where Bludov was given the comic name “Cassandra”. After Karamzin’s death, he prepared the last, unfinished volume of “History of the Russian State” for publication. It is known that shortly before his death, the historiographer pointed out Bludov to Emperor Nicholas as a conservative and at the same time enlightened person, that is, worthy of taking a place in the highest state administration.

Nikolaev dignitary

Having experienced in childhood the strong influence of one of his tutors, the emigrant Comte de Fontel, Bludov combined his admiration for the Enlightenment philosophy of the 18th century with an exclusively negative attitude towards the French Revolution. This influence was subsequently joined by Bludov's stay in the diplomatic service in the constitutional monarchies of Sweden and England. In London, where Bludov stayed for more than two years (1817-1820), first as an embassy adviser and then as a charge d'affaires, he closely followed political and literary life.

Immediately upon his accession to the throne, Nicholas I appointed Bludov to the responsible position of clerk of the supreme court over the Decembrists. Drawing up an indictment report on the results of this case earned Bludov favor in the eyes of the monarch and allowed him to advance. This Bludov report was destroyed by N.I. Turgenev, sentenced in absentia, in the book “Russia and the Russians” (Paris, 1847).

At the end of the trial, Bludov was promoted to Secretary of State and in the same 1826 he took the place of Deputy Minister of Public Education and at the same time the Chief Administrator of Affairs of Foreign Religions. In 1828, the emperor expressed his special favor to Bludov regarding the establishment of Greek-Uniate churches in Russia and granted him a position as a Privy Councilor.

In 1830, Bludov managed the Ministry of Justice for several months in the absence of Dashkov, from 1832 the Ministry of Internal Affairs, from 1837 the Ministry of Justice until December 1839, when, having been promoted to actual Privy Councilor, he was appointed chief manager of the II Department of the Own E.I.V. Chancellery, member of the Council of State and chairman of its department of laws. According to the verdict of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia

A typical bureaucrat of the Nicholas reign, educated and capable, but devoid of any originality, excellent at adapting to circumstances, essentially a conservative, but ready to make concessions to “new trends” in small things, Bludov successfully made his career under a wide variety of circumstances.

From 1832 to 1838, Dmitry Nikolaevich Bludov served as chairman of the Siberian Committee.

Since 1840, Bludov was present in the department of affairs of the Kingdom of Poland. Under his editorship as the chief administrator of the II department, two editions of the Code of Laws were published (1842 and 1857); he was also the main figure in the drafting of the Penal Code of 1845, which brought some order to the penal system, which had traditionally suffered from uncertainty in Russia.

On April 15, 1845 he was awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called.

In 1847, Bludov signed a concordat with the Roman Curia. During the revolutionary unrest of 1848, he dissuaded Nicholas from closing universities. In 1855, he responded to the death of the monarch with a memoir, “The Last Hours of the Life of Emperor Nicholas I,” which was then translated into Polish, German, English and French.

Last years

After the start of the great reforms, Bludov remembered the progressive aspirations of his youth and again managed to prove useful to the supreme power. He developed a project for judicial reform, which provided for a departure from the class system and the separation of the judiciary from the executive. Since 1857, he was a member of the committee to consider decisions and assumptions about serfdom in Russia. During the reign of Alexander II, Bludov was appointed president of the Academy of Sciences (1855) and the Jewish (1856) and orphanages (1857) committees, chairman of the State Council and the Committee of Ministers (1862).

Since 1859, according to the order of awarding, he was a member of the pensioners - holders of the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-Called (800 rubles per year).

He died on February 19 (March 2) and was buried at the Tikhvin Cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The notes he kept throughout his life remained unpublished, although extensive excerpts from them were made public by Yegor Kovalevsky in his biography of Bludov, published two years after his death.

Private life

At the age of 16, Dmitry Bludov fell in love with a 24-year-old maid of honor, Princess Anna Andreevna Shcherbatova(1777-1848). The young Shcherbatova was notable for her delicate facial features; many at court found in her a resemblance to Empress Elizaveta Alekseevna. Because of his youth, Bludov could not marry; the princess remained unattainable for him for a long time. A few years later, having achieved a position in society, Bludov proposed. The obstacle to the marriage was the mother of the bride; she did not want to hear about this marriage. Princess Antonina Voinovna Shcherbatova, née Yavorskaya (1756-1812) was known for her piety, strict rules, was proud of her nobility, and was stern and arrogant. She refused her hand to many young people worthy of her daughter, and she also refused to Bludov. The efforts of Countess Anna Pavlovna Kamenskaya (the commander-in-chief's mother), who replaced Bludov's late mother, with whom she was in close friendship, and Bludov's rapid rise through the ranks broke the long-term perseverance of Princess Shcherbatova. On April 28, 1812, the long-awaited wedding of 27-year-old Dmitry Bludov and 34-year-old Anna Shcherbatova took place. The Bludovs had children in their marriage:

Antonina Dmitrievna(1813−1891) - maid of honor, author of “Notes” with memories of Pushkin.
Lidia Dmitrievna(1815−1882) - maid of honor, married since 1837 to Yegor Ivanovich Shevich (1808-1849), son of I. E. Shevich.
Andrey Dmitrievich(1817−1886) - diplomat, served as ambassador to Sweden, then to Belgium.
Vadim Dmitrievich (1819−1902).

Bludov owned an apartment building at 80 Nevsky, second from the corner of Liteyny Prospekt. In Bludov's house, writers always received a warm welcome and found support and advice. Major writers (including L.N. Tolstoy) read their works in Bludov’s house even before they appeared in print.