Presentation on the history of the religion of the ancient Egyptians. Religion of the ancient Egyptians. (5th grade). D) Bastet - goddess of female beauty
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Slide 1
Religion of the ancient Egyptians
Slide 2
Temples of ancient Egypt
Temple is the home of the gods
Slide 3
Priests are servants of the gods
The priest knew special prayers and entered the temple where the god lived.
Slide 4
Sun God Amon - Ra
What natural phenomenon does this myth reflect? What natural phenomenon does this myth reflect?
Slide 5
God of the Earth - Geb and goddess of the Sky - Nut
Slide 6
God of wisdom - Thoth
Slide 7
Goddess Bastet - patroness of women and their beauty
Slide 8
The Myth of Osiris and Isis
What natural phenomenon does this myth reflect?
Slide 9
God Set - god of the desert and sandstorms
Slide 10
Set's Gift
Slide 11
Isis - goddess of fertility, water and fidelity
Slide 12
Isis and Horus
Slide 13
Horus and Set
Slide 14
Resurrection of Osiris
Slide 15
Osiris, Isis and their son Horus
Slide 16
"Kingdom of the Dead" in ancient Egypt
Slide 17
Judgment of Osiris
Slide 18
Slide 19
Mummy in a sarcophagus
Slide 20
Pharaoh is a king among people
Slide 21
Mysterious Egypt
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Abstract
Teacher : Ivanova Irina Vladimirovna
Item: Story Ancient world
Class, profile: 5th grade.
Target:
Lesson type: combined
Methods:
Equipment:
During the classes:
1. Historical dictation.
Orally:
II. New topic.
Slide 1
1. Gods and priests.
Read paragraph 1
Slide 2
Temples are the homes of the gods
Slide 3
Priests are servants of the gods
2. Gods Ancient Egypt.
Slide 4
Slide 5
B) Geb - god of the Earth
B) Nut is the goddess of the sky.
Slide 6
Slide 7
Slide 8
The Myth of Osiris and Isis
Slide 9
Slide 10
Slide 11
Slide 12
Slide 13
Slide 14
Slide 15, 16
3) "Kingdom of the Dead"
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19, 20
Slide 21
Consolidation.
Municipal educational institution "May Gymnasium" of the Belgorod district of the Belgorod region
Teacher : Ivanova Irina Vladimirovna
Item: Ancient world history
Class, profile: 5th grade.
Software and methodological support: basic level, textbook Vigasin A. A. History of the Ancient World: textbook. for 5th grade. general education institutions / A. A. Vigasin, G. I. Goder, I. S. Sventsitskaya. M.: Education, 2007.
Lesson topic: Religion of the ancient Egyptians
Target:
introduce students to beliefs that originated in primitive times;
give an idea of the peculiarities of the religious worldview, the emergence of which became possible only in a class society;
continue to instill in children an interest in the religion of Ancient Egypt;
Lesson type: combined
Methods: explanatory-illustrative, reproductive, search, problematic
Equipment: ICT, textbook Vigasin A. A. History of the Ancient World: textbook. for 5th grade. general education institutions / A. A. Vigasin, G. I. Goder, I. S. Sventsitskaya. M.: Education, 2007.
During the classes:
I. Repetition of learned material
1. Historical dictation.
Egypt is the name of the country that was located... (C - In Africa)
What two seas wash the Egyptian state? (Mediterranean and Red Seas)
The first capital of Egypt was the city ... (Memphis)
The kings of ancient Egypt were called... (Pharaoh)
When was the unified state formed? (3 thousand years BC)
The largest conquests were made by Pharaoh... (Thutmose III) around...(1.5 thousand) years BC.
The armies of the pharaohs conquered in Africa... (Nubia) rich in gold, in Asia rich in deposits of copper ore... (Sinai) Peninsula and countries (Palestine, Syria, Phenicia)
U Egyptian warriors spearheads, hatchets and blades were made of... (bronze). This is the name of the alloy... (copper + tin)
2. Compose and write down sentences with the following set of words:
Nile, Northeast Africa, fertile silt, flood, Mediterranean Sea, delta, Egypt.
3. Establish in what sequence along the Nile the following were located:
Delta, Libyan Desert, Mediterranean Sea, Memphis.
In writing: Why did the Egyptians build canals and earthen embankments?
Orally:
A) What was Pharaoh's army like?
B) How were chariots constructed and what role did they play in battles?
Q) Find it on the map and tell us about the campaigns of the pharaohs?
II. New topic.
Slide 1
1. Gods and priests.
Religion originated among the Egyptians, as well as among other peoples, back in primitive time. Life then depended on successful hunting and gathering: that’s why the Egyptians worshiped animals and birds. They endowed plants with supernatural properties. These beliefs persisted throughout the history of Ancient Egypt. These beliefs are called totemism.
Along with this, the Egyptians developed a belief in gods, who were often depicted in the guise of people with animal, bird or snake heads.
Read paragraph 1
Who are the priests? What are temples?
Slide 2
Temples are the homes of the gods
Slide 3
Priests are servants of the gods
2. Gods of Ancient Egypt.
Slide 4
A) Amon - Ra - sun god (change of day and night)
In the 3rd thousand years BC. Agriculture in Egypt became the main occupation and the sun god became one of the main gods of the Egyptians. After all, sunlight and heat affect the growth of cereals and other useful plants. It can burn mercilessly, burning crops, drying up water bodies, turning the earth into rock. The Egyptians believed in the power of the sun god.
Read what the textbook says about this.
Slide 5
B) Geb - god of the Earth
B) Nut is the goddess of the sky.
Slide 6
D) Thoth is the god of wisdom (the emergence of writing)
Slide 7
D) Bastet – goddess female beauty
Slide 8
E) Osiris and Isis – change of seasons.
In spring, all of our nature blooms. And in Egypt, May and June are the worst times of the year. For 50 days in a row, the wind blows from the desert, carrying with it hot sand and dust. Sand squeaks on the teeth, dust penetrates the folds of clothing, clogs into the pores of the skin, and the eyes of people and animals become inflamed. Everything dies from the heat. In the middle of summer, the terrible desert wind subsides, the river begins to flood and nature comes to life again. Trying to understand the reasons for this annual recurring natural phenomenon, the Egyptians came up with a legend.
The Myth of Osiris and Isis
Once upon a time the god Osiris was the king of Egypt. Large dark eyes sparkled on his dark face, and his hair was shiny and black, like the land itself on the banks of the Nile. Good Osiris taught the Egyptians to grow grain and grapes and bake bread.
Slide 9
The younger brother of Osiris, Set, was the god of the desert and sandstorms. He had small, angry eyes and sandy hair.
Set was jealous of Osiris and hated him.
Slide 10
One day Seth came to a feast in the royal palace. Servants carried behind him a luxurious coffin, decorated with images and inscriptions. “Whoever fits this precious coffin,” said Seth, “will get it!” The guests were not surprised by the gift: the Egyptians from a young age prepared for life in the “land of the dead.” One by one the guests lay down in the coffin, but it was too big for them. It was Osiris' turn. As soon as he lay down on the bottom of the wooden box, Seth's servants slammed the lid. They picked up the coffin and threw it into the waters of the Nile. Osiris died.
Slide 11
The faithful wife of Osiris, the goddess Isis, wept bitterly. She was hiding from Seth in dense thickets on the banks of the Nile.
Slide 12
She nursed her little son there - the god Horus.
Slide 13
When Horus matured, he decided to take revenge on Set for the death of his Father. Horus entered into single combat with him and defeated the enemy in a fierce battle.
Slide 14
Isis searched for a long time in the swamps of the delta for the coffin with her husband’s body. Having found it, she miraculously revived Osiris.
Slide 15, 16
God resurrected, but did not want to stay on earth. He became a king and judge in the “land of the dead,” and Horus became the patron saint of earthly pharaohs. Isis became the protector of all wives and mothers.
Why did the Egyptians, when depicting Osiris, paint his body green? Why did they often depict Osiris sitting among trees or with a vine entwining his figure?
Conclusion: The myth talks about how Osiris taught people agriculture, grape growing, and crafts.
Seth's cunning and his desire to take the throne speaks of a struggle for power, internecine wars between the rulers of states.
This myth reflects people's ideas about the afterlife. A coffin was presented to Osiris as a gift. It is difficult to imagine our reaction in such a case. For the ancient Egyptians, such a gift was considered the best, because people prepared for the afterlife while they were still alive.
The myth reflects the belief in justice: the son of Osiris, the god Horus, defeated the evil and treacherous god Set (god of sandstorms, war, evil and deceit).
3) "Kingdom of the Dead"
Slide 17
“Osiris administers judgment in the kingdom of the dead. And the judgment of Osiris is fair. The judgment of Pharaoh is just as fair.”
Slide 18
What do the Egyptians tell us about the “kingdom of the dead”?
Read paragraph 4 and look at the picture. Who, according to the beliefs of the Egyptians, could go to the “kingdom of the dead”? Why did everyone strive to get to this country?
Slide 19, 20
The Egyptians deified the pharaoh. They believed that he was not just a man, but an earthly god, and they called him the son of the Sun. The sun god is a king among gods, and his son, Pharaoh, is a king among people.
Slide 21
Consolidation.
Which gods were especially revered by the ancient Egyptians and why?
The ancient Egyptians had special love and respect for cats. Why do you think the cat was a sacred animal in Egypt?
How did the Egyptians' beliefs explain the most important natural phenomena?
Download abstractWhat are the similarities between the religious beliefs of the Egyptians and primitive people? Why did the sun god become the main god of the ancient Egyptians? What natural phenomena are reflected in the myth of Osiris? What was the role of religion and priests in Ancient Egypt?
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Slide captions:
Religion of Ancient Egyptians
Problematic question Why was it important for the pharaoh to have a tomb - a pyramid? What are the similarities between the religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians and primitive people?
Look at the drawing. This is what one of the oldest temples could have looked like - the temple of the goddess of war and hunting Neith. In the courtyard in front of the temple there is a sign of this goddess - a shield with two crossed arrows. The Egyptians believed that housing was needed not only by people, but also by the gods. In ancient times, temples - “dwellings of the gods” were built from reeds and clay. These temples have not survived.
Temples - homes of the gods
Priests There were priests at the temples - that it was the priest who knew best how to talk to God. The pharaohs gave the temples fertile lands, livestock, slaves, gold and silver. Gifts were made to the gods, but the priests disposed of them.
What role did the priests play in ancient Egyptian society? Priests Stargazing Servants of worship Medicine Construction of the pyramids Mathematics
What the Egyptians told about their gods: the god of the Nile - Hapi, one of the main gods of Egypt, Ra, Amon or Amon-Ra - the god of the sun. His name is translated as “sun”. The deity appeared either in the form of a bull or in the form of a Phoenix bird.
Geb personified the main deity of the earth. Why is Geb depicted with the head of a snake?
He patronized knowledge and wisdom. God of the moon, writing, counting, magic and sorcery. He was depicted with the head of an ibis bird. Thoth was called the "scribe of the gods." He was depicted as a man with the head of an ibis, often with a brush for writing and a palette in his hands. Thoth's wife was the goddess Maat.
One of the central female deities, Bastet, or Bast, personified the hearth, femininity, fertility, joy and fun. The goddess was depicted in the form of a cat or a woman with a cat's head, in the earliest tradition - in the form of a lioness. Often four kittens were depicted at the goddess’s feet.
Fizminutka
“The myth of Osiris and Isis Let’s find out what natural phenomenon is reflected in the myth of the god Osiris Read the text on pp. 53-54
Judgment of Osiris
Preservation of the body of the deceased A mummy is a body preserved by embalming. A sarcophagus is a coffin in which a mummy was placed.
Deification of the Pharaoh Pharaoh is not just a man Pharaoh is a powerful god, the son of the Sun god Ra The Sun God is a king among the gods, Pharaoh (his son) is a king among people There is the closest connection between religion and state power Religion is the most important support state power in Egypt.
Consolidation of material What are the similarities between the religious beliefs of the Egyptians and primitive people? Why did the sun god become the main god of the ancient Egyptians? What natural phenomena are reflected in the myth of Osiris? What was the role of religion and priests in Ancient Egypt?
Homework Differentiated task: 1. - complete the task in the “Think” section. 2. - analyze the table compiled in the lesson “gods of Ancient Egypt”. 3. - complete the task in the “Describe” section.
L.A. Sinyaeva Religion of the ancient Egyptians § 10. 06.29.17
What do we know about the Kings of Egypt? 1). What was the name of the king of Egypt? 2). How did Pharaoh get rich? 4). What hardships did the warrior and his family endure? 5). Who do you think the warrior and his family could have asked for help? GODS Who will formulate the topic of the lesson?
Beliefs of the ancient Egyptians § 10. Warriors turned to the gods for help. What problem arises? Problem: Did the gods help the Egyptians? What questions do we need to find out? I. Discovering new knowledge: 1. Gods and priests 2. Gods of the Egyptians 3. The myth of Osiris and Isis 4. What the Egyptians told about the land of the dead 5. The deification of Pharaoh III. We apply new knowledge. P. 56. 2 points – c. 4. 1 point – c. 2. 2 points – tasks. 1 point – y. answer. IV. Homework: § 10, c. 1 – 4. Choice: p. 56. rubric 2. task 1-2
1. Gods and priests Problem: Did the gods help the Egyptians? Exercise. Find out: 1). Why did the Egyptians give gifts to the gods? P. 51. 2). Why were temples built? P. 5152. 3). Who are the priests? What duties did you perform? P. 52. Who did the gods “help” get rich? Duties of priests
Temples and priests Serving the gods Observing the stars. Created calendars. Rice. 1. Priest Construction of pyramids Development of medicine Development of mathematics Temples were built in honor of the gods and pharaohs. Inside the temple there was an altar where statues of the gods were placed. Only priests and priestesses could enter the temple. The worshipers were in the square in front of the temple. Task 1. Consider the diagram “Duties of Priests” and answer the question: Why exactly did the priests perform these duties! Task 2. Write down the conclusion: who did the gods “help” get rich?
2. Gods of the Egyptians The Egyptians did not have a single god. Task: find out which gods are depicted on the slide. Write down their names. 1 1. God Amon-Ra God of the sun, main god, king of the gods. 2 2. God of the earth Geb They depicted the god of the earth as a man with the head of a snake 3 3. God Nut They represented him as a cow with a body strewn with stars 4 4. God Thoth God of wisdom, scribe. He taught people writing, counting, and various knowledge. Conductor in
3. The myth of Osiris and Isis Isis and Anubis guide souls to the kingdom of the dead. Drawing from the Book of the Dead. Assignment: 1. Read the Myth of Osiris and Isis in the textbook. pp. 53-54 2. Find out what natural phenomenon is reflected in this myth? Change of seasons: spring summer
4. What did the Egyptians say about the “land of the dead” Problem: Did the gods help the Egyptians? Exercise. Find out: 1). Who rules in the kingdom of the dead? 2). What does the deceased swear by? P. 5455. What did the oath of the dead teach the Egyptians? 3). How was the veracity of the oath verified? 4). Who will be allowed into the wonderful fields of the dead? P. 55. 5). Why was the body of the deceased turned into a MUMMY? P. 55.
1. Gods and priests. The ancient Egyptians believed that gods lived everywhere. And on earth, where people live, and in another, invisible world, where the sun god goes at night and where people go after death. The gods created the world and do not allow it to perish. They control people and nature.
2. What did the Egyptians say about their gods? Amon-Ra is the king of the gods, the Sun god, the creator god who created all things. Every morning Amon-Ra appears in the east. While the day lasts, he sails in his boat across the sky. A round solar disk sparkles on his head. His path maintains order in the world. Plants come to life, people and animals rejoice, birds sing. Amon-Ra and his companions float across the sky.
But now the day is approaching evening, because the boat of Amun-Ra descends from the heavens. At the western edge of the sky, she floats through the gates of the underworld. Here Amun-Ra enters into mortal combat with the god of darkness, a fierce serpent whose name is Apep. The battle continues all night. When the serpent is defeated, the crown of the solar god shines again, heralding the coming of a new day 2. What the Egyptians told about their gods. The god Amon-Ra in the guise of a cat enters into battle with the god of darkness Apep.
2. What did the Egyptians say about their gods? The Egyptians represented the earth as a masculine principle, which is personified by the god Geb. He was often depicted as a man with the head of a snake: after all, a snake is the most “earthly” animal. The Egyptians represented the sky goddess Nut as a huge cow, whose body was strewn with stars. At the beginning, Earth and Heaven were inseparable: Nut was the wife, and Geb was the husband. But they constantly quarreled among themselves because Nut eats his children - the stars - every morning and gives birth to them again in the evening. And then the god of air Shu separated the spouses: the sky rose high above the earth.
The god of wisdom and knowledge, Thoth, was especially respected by the Egyptians. He invented counting and writing to preserve and transmit knowledge. The patron saint of scribes, he himself serves as a scribe to the gods, recording all their decisions. Thoth is usually depicted with the head of an ibis bird and a scribe's palette. In addition, Thoth is the god of the moon. At night he replaces the sun god Amun-Ra in the sky 2. What the Egyptians told about their gods.
3. The myth of Osiris and Isis. The Egyptians told the following myth about one of their most beloved gods. Once upon a time Osiris was the king of Egypt. Large dark eyes sparkled on his dark face, and his hair was shiny and black, like the fertile soil of the Nile Valley itself. Good Osiris taught the Egyptians to grow grain and grapes and bake bread.
3. The myth of Osiris and Isis. Osiris's younger brother, the god Set, looked different: he had small evil eyes and red hair. Set was the god of the desert and sandstorms. Set was jealous of Osiris and hated him. He decided to destroy Osiris. One day Seth came to a feast in the royal palace. Servants carried behind him a large, luxurious wooden coffin, decorated with images and inscriptions. “Here is a precious coffin! Seth said. Whoever fits it will get it!” The guests were not surprised by the gift: the Egyptians from a young age prepared for life in the land of the dead. One by one the guests lay down in the coffin, but it was too big for them. It was Osiris' turn. As soon as he lay down on the bottom of the wooden box, Seth's servants slammed the lid. They lifted the coffin with the body of Osiris, brought it to the bank of the Nile and threw it into the water. Osiris died.
When Horus matured, he decided to take revenge on the treacherous Set for the death of his father and entered into single combat with him. With the help of Isis, Horus defeated the enemy in a fierce battle 3. The myth of Osiris and Isis. Horus is usually depicted as a falcon or a man with the head of a falcon. Horus defeats Set in the guise of a donkey.
Isis wandered for a long time. searching for the coffin with the body of her husband in the swamps of the delta. Having found it, she miraculously revived Osiris. God resurrected, but did not want to stay on earth. He became a pharaoh and judge in the kingdom of the dead, and Horus became the patron saint of earthly pharaohs. Isis became the intercessor and protector of all wives and mothers. The most difficult time of the year in Egypt is the drought period in May and June. The Egyptians believed that Osiris died then. But then the waters of the Nile overflowed, the fields turned green and the trees became Osiris again. 3. The myth of Osiris and Isis.
4. What did the Egyptians say about the “kingdom of the dead”. The Egyptians believed that after death people went west to the underground kingdom of Osiris - Duat (or Dat). There is light and warmth, blue water flows in the canals, grain ripens in the fields and sweet dates grow on the palm trees. The path to the afterlife is a difficult and dangerous test. At every step, spirits and demons lie in wait for the deceased and try to lead him astray. In order not to succumb to their power, a person must continuously repeat spells and unravel the inscriptions on the numerous gates leading to the kingdom of the dead. Having passed all the gates, the deceased meets with Anubis, the manager of the kingdom of the dead, who accompanies him to Osiris.
Anubis is the god of embalming (mummification). He also acts as an assistant to Osiris at the judgment of the dead. Depicted as a jackal or a man with the head of scale 4. What the Egyptians told about the “kingdom of the dead.” Anubis with a mummy. Painting on the wall of Sennejem's tomb
4. What did the Egyptians say about the “kingdom of the dead”. The deceased, standing in white robes, utters an oath: I did no evil. I didn't kill. I didn't order the killing. I didn't steal. I didn't lie. I was not the cause of the tears. I did not raise my hand to the weak. I wasn't jealous. I didn't curse. I did not say anything bad about the king. I did not neglect the gods. I'm clean, I'm clean, I'm clean, I'm clean! The gods check the veracity of the oath: on one scale they place the soul of the deceased, and on the other - the figurine of the goddess of truth - Maat. Balance means that the deceased did not lie: he was a kind and righteous person. The gods accept such a person into the kingdom of the dead. If the deceased lied, his soul outweighed the Maat figurine, then such a non-participant is devoured by the monster Amt, who stands next to the scales.
Maat is the goddess of truth, justice and harmony. She was depicted as a seated woman with an ostrich feather on her head, sometimes winged. Wife of the god Thoth. 4. What did the Egyptians say about the “kingdom of the dead”. Amt is the “soul eater” of sinners. Most often depicted as a lion with the head of a crocodile
In order for a person to move to the afterlife after death, it was necessary to preserve his body. Therefore, after death, the human body was dried, soaked in resin and wrapped in thin bandages - it turned into a mummy. Then the mummy was placed in a sarcophagus (coffin), on which spells were written and gods were depicted. The tomb where the sarcophagus stood was considered the home of the deceased. 4. What did the Egyptians say about the “kingdom of the dead”. Egyptian pyramids - tombs of the pharaohs 25
The following sources were used in preparing the presentation: Vigasin A.A., Goder G.I., Sventsitskaya I.S. History of the Ancient World: textbook. for 5th grade general education. institutions - M.: Education, Myths and legends of the peoples of the world. Children's encyclopedia "Makhaon" - M.: Machaon. Atticus Publishing Group LLC,
"Religion of Egypt" - In the pyramids. Sometimes construction took decades. Why? 2.Funeral rites of Egypt. Lesson plan. The labor of slaves. Choose the correct answer-. Manage the work. Construction of the pyramids. 5. Priests-servants of God. Stargazing. Statue from the 14th century BC.
“Ancient Gods of Egypt” - Horus – God of Heaven and Light, God-Pharaoh. Anubis is the patron god of the dead. Sebek - God of the Nile, Water and Fertility. In medieval alchemy, the Ankh was a symbol of immortality. Good Gods of Ancient Egypt. Amon Ra - God of the Sun. Good Gods of Ancient Egypt. Introduction. After death, the pharaoh was identified with Osiris, and the new one with Horus.
"Gods of Egypt" - The sun god Re crosses the sky every day in his boat. Image of the Sun God Re in a boat. Re, god of the sun. Anubis. Sobek. Ancient Egypt: GODS. Osiris. Selkis. Set. Knum. Tueris. Oryus. Pta. Bastet, a cat who turns into a lioness. That. Ator. Isis. Demon. Api.
“The Religion of the Ancient Egyptians” - Religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians. The pharaoh was called in Egypt "son of god" and "great god." Amon-Ra. Apep. Religion of the ancient Egyptians. Gods of the ancient Egyptians. Mummy - embalmed body of the deceased Sarcophagus - coffin. Religion and power of the pharaoh. Bastet. Why did the pharaohs of Egypt organize military campaigns?
“Myths of Ancient Egypt” - Amun. Mythology of Ancient Egypt. Capitals of ancient Egypt. Myths about the creation of the world Cosmogonic myths. Khonsou. Isis. Pharaoh was a god on earth and a god after death. Myths about the struggle of the Sun with its enemies Solar myths. Consolidation of the studied material. Osiris. Ptah. Ancient Egypt was ruled by pharaohs.
“Religion of Ancient Egypt” - Educational. Religion. Basic facts. Developmental. Pyramids. Deification of the Pharaoh. Educational. Myth. Religion of the ancient Egyptians. Leading and participating in the temple court. Tell students about the peculiarities of the worldview of ancient Eastern man. XIV century BC e. - religious reform of Akhenaten. Myths.