Vowels in Spanish. Spanish alphabet. Spanish alphabet printable

Children who are just starting to learn Spanish should, of course, start with the very basics. The Spanish alphabet for children will become such a basis, which in this article we will analyze very thoroughly, consider which letters are included in it and what is the pronunciation of these letters.

For beginners learning Spanish, it is very important to know which letters are included and how they are read. There are certain unshakable rules for reading letters that you should know:

Spanish Language Alphabet

Pronunciation rules

Pronunciation in Spanish

Phonetics of the Spanish language

The phonetics of the Spanish language is a rather complex phenomenon, so it is not at all necessary to learn it immediately and by heart. Start, return to what you have already learned and read, and over time the letters and their pronunciation, as well as the combination, will settle down in your head by itself. The main thing in this matter is not to overdo it and not to rush. The Spanish language is not as difficult as Russian, but you will need to show maximum attention, because phonetics is the basis of the language.

Tongue twisters for practice

For For beginners learning Spanish, it will be very useful to use tongue twisters. They can be reinforced first correct pronunciation with transcription and only then memorize as much as you want. This way you can practice your pronunciation well and it will stop limping.

So, Spanish tongue twisters:

Vowels

When starting to learn Spanish, it is worth knowing how many vowel sounds there are in Spanish. So, there are only five of them. These are the sounds and, uh, a, oh, u. in pronunciation they are similar to similar sounds in Russian transcription. But at the same time, vowels in Spanish are divided into strong and weak. If two strong vowels appear next to each other in a word, they are pronounced separately unless they form a diphthong.

Consonants

You need to be especially careful when pronouncing consonants in Spanish. Unlike how letters are pronounced in Russian transcription, there is no softening of consonants in Spanish. Before the vowels e, i, there is no need to soften the consonants, but you should not overdo it, since the sound “y” does not exist in the Spanish language. Unlike Russian transcription, the pike consonants at the end of a word are weakened, but remain voiced.

There are plenty of diphthongs in the Spanish language; they are usually formed by combining a strong and weak vowel.

If you know any European language, then mastering Spanish will not cause any difficulties. If this is the first language you want to learn, then it’s also not scary, since we’ll start from the very beginning, with the alphabet.

But before we begin, a small digression. For several years now I have been living in Latin America, in Peru. And the Peruvians are proud that they managed to preserve the language as it was during the time of the Spanish conquerors. If we compare the languages ​​of Spain and Peru, the main difference is the absence of Spanish “lisping”. Listen to the songs of Spanish performers, and you will hear that they do about the same thing as the British - they pronounce the sound C like the interdental th in English. And since almost all discs and tapes were recorded in Spain, the dialogues and texts are replete with this sound. When I learned the language, it caused a lot of fun in the group. I suggest keeping this feature of Spanish pronunciation in mind and using it on your trip to Spain. In this same course, we will not break the language and will begin to pronounce C as in Russian.

Two more mandatory points - always pronounce the letter E as E.

And try to always pronounce the letter L softly.

Below is a table with the letters and sounds of the Spanish alphabet, as well as example words. Let's take names as examples so that there is no need to consult the dictionary at the very first lesson. But even in order to read these first words in Spanish correctly, we need to know several reading rules.

1. We read the word with a “Vologda” accent, we say. That is, if I see the word “milk”, then I should pronounce it not “malakó”, as in Russian, but “molokó”.

1. We read what we see. Except for the letter H. It is never pronounced. The logical question is: why write it then? I’ll answer the question with a question: Why do we write the letter B in the word “hello”? That's how it happened.

1. We put emphasis on the penultimate syllable if the word ends in a vowel or the consonants N, S: O lga, E dwin, Al e xis.

1. If a word ends in any other consonant (except N, S), then the stress is placed on the last syllable: Dav i d,Isab e l.

1. In case of deviation from points 3 and 4, a graphic stress mark is placed above the stressed syllable: Bor í s, Ant ó n.

Listen to the alphabet:

Letter	Pronunciation	Example
Aa	A	Ana
Bb	bae	Blanca
Cc	se	Carlos
Dd	de	David
Ee	uh	Elena
F f	efe	Frank
G g	heh	Gaspar
H h	ache	Hector
I i	And	Ines
Jj	hota	Javier
K k	ka	Kevin
Ll	ele	Laura
Mm	eme	Manuel
Nn	ene	Nicholas
Ñ ñ	enye	Ñaki
O o	O	Olga
P p	pe	Pedro
Q q	ku	Qori
R r	era	Ricardo
Ss	ese	Sara
T t	te	Tamara
U u	at	Ursula
Vv	uwe	Viviana
W w	uvadoble	Wendy
X x	ekis	Ximena
Y y	and Griega	Ivonne
Z z	seta	Zósimo

Letter	Pronunciation Features
Aa	Like Russian A.
Bb	Like Russian B.
Cc	In combination with A, O, U is pronounced like K. When combined with E, I is pronounced like S.
Dd	Like Russian D. At the end the words are almost inaudible.
Ee	Always like Russian E.
F f	Like Russian F.
G g	In combination with A, O, U is pronounced like G. When combined with E, I is pronounced like X. In the combination GUI, GUE is pronounced like G, while U is not pronounced.
H h	Never spoken
I i	Like Russian I.
Jj	Like Russian H.
K k	Like Russian K.
Ll	Like Russian L. Always soft.
Mm	Like Russian M.
Nn	Like Russian N.
Ñ ñ	Like Russian Нъ.
O o	Always O.
P p	Like Russian P.
Q q	Like Russian K. In the combination QUI, QUE is pronounced like K, while U is not pronounced.
R r	At the beginning of a word, after a pause, and also after the letters N, L is pronounced PP
Ss	Like Russian S.
T t	Like Russian T.
U u	Like Russian U.
Vv	Like Russian B (practically no different from the second letter of the alphabet in pronunciation).
W w	Like Russian V.
X x	Like the Russian KS.
Y y	Like Russian I. Like Russian Y at the end of a word and in combination with vowels.
Z z	Like Russian S. In Spain - like English ts.

In some alphabets you can still find two additional letters, or rather combinations of letters - CH and LL. But in 1994 they were officially excluded from the alphabet, precisely because they are letter combinations, not letters,

In modern Spanish, as you can see, there are 27 letters.

Of these, only 5 are vowels.

In the next lesson we will talk about diphthongs and triphthongs in Spanish

Lesson assignments

1. Read the alphabet several times.
2. Write the letters.
3. Read the names.
4. Write your name in Spanish.

So, in the Spanish language there are 6 vowels and 22 consonants.

What I would like to note right away is that Spanish vowels, compared to the Russian language, are characterized by closedness, that is, they are pronounced the same way both under stress and in an unstressed position.

What is the importance: for example, you said “Muchacho/a”, muting the ending. Thus, you introduce the Spaniards into slight bewilderment: “Say, senor, you will still decide whether you are a boy or a girl.” It would seem like one sound, but the meaning has changed dramatically.

Regarding vowels, I would like to note that in Spanish there is no softening of consonant sounds before vowels. You'll see this a little later when we look at pronunciation and I direct you to listen to Spanish words.

	Name
	Aa
		ye and griega

Aa [a] - mama", papa, amor

• at the beginning of a word and after m and n is similar to the Russian B - bomba.

Note: the consonant [n] before [b] inside a word and at the junction of words sounds like [m] - un vaso

• - in other cases it is similar to the Russian “B” - beber (to drink), trabajar (to work-travahar)

• before a, o, y is read as [k] - casa (house), Cuba (Cuba)
• before i, e - reads like [Ǿ] Imagine that the tongue does not fit in the mouth and is therefore clamped by the front teeth - cine (cinema), cena (dinner).

Ch - reads like the Russian “Ch” - muchacha (girl), chica (girl).

• at the beginning of the word it reads like the Russian “D” - donde (where)

• [I didn’t find a symbol for this sound] The sound is produced when the tip of the tongue touches the lower edge of the upper incisors, leaving a wide enough gap for air to pass through. At the end of a word, and especially before a pause and in words ending in -ado, the sound is pronounced very weakly, and in conversation it is almost not pronounced. - Madrid

Ee - similar to the Russian sound “E” - febrero (February - favrelo)

Ff - [f] similar to the Russian “F” - facil (easy - facil), dificil

• before a, o, u is pronounced like the Russian sound “G” - gato (cat), gusto (taste)

• before i and e [Russian Х] - gente (people)
• between the vowel and in other cases - weak G - pagar (to pay). Our teacher warned us not to turn this G into the Ukrainian “He”.

Hh - unreadable - ahora (now/aora)

Jj - [x] - jinete (rider), junta (thought)

Kk - rarely used. If it is used, it is used exclusively as the Russian “K” - kilo, Kremlin

Ll - soft ale! La"mpara ( desk lamp), lucir (to sparkle)

Double el ll - [th] calle (street), llorar (cry)

Mm - [m] - momento (moment)

Nn - [n] - nueve (tree)

Ňñ - [н] - niña (girl), año (year)

O - [o] - tesoro (treasure)

P - [pe!] pero (preposition but)

• at the beginning of the word there is a rolling Re like a tiger! - russo, rio (river)
• in other cases the usual re - prensa (press)

Ss - [from Russian] - sombrero (hat), siesta

Tt - [t Russian] - te" (tea), tintero (inkwell)

Uu - [Russian] club, cucurucho (bag)

Xx - [ks] - e "xito (success)

Zz - [Ǿ] - similar to the pronunciation of Ss in some cases (see above) Zaragoza

qui - quinto (fifth)

que - queso (cheese)

gui [gi] - giitarra

Funny combination of letters nv. Contrary to logic, it reads - mb

that is, the word invitar is read as imbitar.

This completes the study of pronunciation. Now all that remains is to listen and train yourself.

To practice, I advise you to visit the following site, since it is difficult to learn good pronunciation on paper. =)

Both in Spain and in Latin America Spanish(Spanish - español) also called Castilian(Spanish - castellano) in accordance with the name of the region in which it originated (in the medieval kingdom of Castile, which included the modern territory of the province of Burgos, the autonomous regions of La Rioja and Cantabria, in northern Spain). This emphasizes its difference from other languages ​​of Spain, since the following languages ​​are also widespread in the country: Catalan, Galician, Basque, Aranese, Aragonese and Asturian languages.

The Spaniards themselves usually call their language Spanish when it is mentioned together with foreign languages, and Castilian when mentioned together with other languages ​​of Spain.

You need to start learning any language from the alphabet.

So, the Spanish alphabet has 27 letters and several letter combinations (two consonant sounds - ch, ll And rr– digraphs, which do not have separate letters in the Spanish alphabet).

Total in Spanish 5 vowels - a, e, i, o, u- they are pronounced sonorously and are not unstressed. There may be stress above vowels to indicate or give another meaning to the word.

Also in Spanish, vowels have their own peculiarity: they can form diphthongs.

Diphthonggi- this is a combination of two specific vowels (strong and weak or two weak), which are inseparable from each other and are included in one (!) syllable. Weak vowels are - "i" And "u".

All diphthongs:

ei, ai, oi, eu, au, ou,

ie, ia, io, ue, ua, uo,

There is also a separate sign ñ - with delta, and ü (colon above the letter) – trema. Delta denotes the softness of the sound, diaeresis– separate pronunciation.

Spanish is a modified version of the Latin alphabet.

Name of 27 letters of the Spanish alphabet

(Spanish - Nombre de las 27 letras del alfabeto español):

Writing a letter, Letter name, its sound correspondence:

A,a a[ a]

B, b be [ b]

C, With ce [ θ ] or [ To]

D, d de[ d]

E, e e [ uh]

F,f efe [ f]

G, g ge [ X] or [ G]

H, h hache the sound is not pronounced

I, i i[ th]

J, j jota [ X]

K,k ka [ To]

L,l ele [ l’ ]

M, m eme [ m]

N, n ene [ n]

Ñ, ñ eñe [ no]

O, o o[ O]

P,p pe [ P]

Q, q cu [ To]

R, r err [ R]

S, s ese [ With]

T,t te[ T]

U, u u [ at]

V, v uve [ b] or [ β ]

W,w uvedoble [ at + sound]

X, x equis [ ks] or [ gz] or [ With]

Y, y ye (igriega) [ And] or [ th]

Z, z zeta, zeda [ θ ].

Outside the alphabet there are letter combinations (because the letters are already in the alphabet):

Ch, ch che [ h]

ll elle [th]

Rrr,rr errre doble [ pp].

Spanish alphabet and letter pronunciation, video lesson from Natalia Antonova:

Mila Baskova, especially for for.

Method 1: Use International English Layout

The easiest way is to use a keyboard shortcut. Without installing the Spanish language, we add the English keyboard layout - " USA international".

To do this, go to "Control Panel" - "Languages ​​and Regional Standards" - "Languages" - "Add" - "English (United States) / Keyboard layout: US international."

Now you can print specific spanish letters ñ And ü , put above vowels accepto(emphasis): é, á, ú, ó, í ; and also use inverted signs - ¡ And ¿ .

To print Spanish letters we do this - first press the right one Alt(if right Alt does not work, try left Alt) then type - e, a, u, o, i, as a result we get - é and the remaining letters are stressed. Same thing with the letter ñ and upside down ¡ And ¿ - use right Alt+ n, ! And?.

Accents on Spanish vowels can be placed using the combination - button " + letter

To put umlauts press right Shift+ button " + letter - we get ü ä ö Ä . To change uppercase and lowercase - use Caps Lock.

Unity

However, you will have to get used to the fact that when typing the characters “or”, in order for them to be displayed after them, you need to press the spacebar.

Method 2. Use Spanish keyboard

This method is not suitable for everyone, because... The English layout is also needed, but using three at the same time - Russian, Spanish and English is not always convenient. But you can try this method, maybe it will suit you, to do this, click on the language bar with the left mouse button again. Next, select: “Language settings” and click on the “Add language” button. Select "Spanish / desired sorting", then "Add".

The same can be done through the "Control Panel" - "Languages ​​and Regional Standards" - "Languages" - "Add" - "Spanish".

Method 3. Use hotkeys

In the text editor MS Word and other editors, this can be done in the following way.

1. In the menu, select Insert → Symbol... In the window that appears, select the desired symbol. We insert it.

2. You can assign a “Keyboard Shortcut” to the desired characters. Place the cursor in the “New keyboard shortcut” field. Now you need to press the key combination on the keyboard that will correspond to this symbol. Since a regular question mark is typed using Shift + 1, you can assign Alt + 1 to an inverted question mark. Now we wait for the “Assign” button, and Word will remember this combination.

The same steps must be repeated for all Spanish characters and letters: ¡ ¿ á í é ó ú ñ Á É Ó Ú Ñ Í ü . For capital letters you can use the combination Shift + Alt+ letter, because for regular capitals it is used Shift. For ü you can choose, for example, CTRL+u. Or do not assign any combination, since this symbol is very rarely used. You can simply select it manually through the menu, just like you selected ¡ in the beginning.

3. If you often use the “Symbol...” command, it is convenient to place the corresponding button on the Toolbar. To do this, right-click on it and select the very last item in the menu that appears, “Settings...”. In the window that appears, select “Insert” in the left column. On the right, find the “Symbol...” command and drag it to the Toolbar while holding the left mouse button. You can remove it in the same way, open “Settings...” and, holding down the left mouse button, remove it from the panel.

• " onclick="window.open(this.href," win2 return false > Imprimir

Detalles Category: Phonetics

Being a Romance language, Spanish was formed from Latin and is close to Italian, French and Portuguese. There are also many Romance loanwords in English and Russian, making many Spanish words understandable without translation.

Spanish is one of the most common languages ​​on Earth. In addition to Spain itself, most of America speaks it (except for the USA, Canada, Brazil and some islands of the Caribbean archipelago).

There are quite a few dialects in the Spanish language, so "native" Spanish is called castellano - castellano, i.e. Castilian, after the name of one of the central provinces of Spain, and español (Espanol) means all Spanish-speaking dialects. Two dialects of Spain - Catalan (Barcelona) and Galician (A Coruña) are considered independent languages.

Spanish alphabet

The Spanish alphabet is similar to most Latin-based alphabets, but differs from them (for example, from English) in the absence of letters K And W(very rare) and two special letters Ñ “ene” and LL- double L or "eye".

Reading vowels

Vowels in Spanish are read the same way they are written.

EXCEPTIONS:

U

U is not read after Q

Quito - Quito (capital of Ecuador)

U is not read after G if it is followed by E, I or Y.

Guitarra - guitarra

If it is necessary for U to be read, two dots ü are placed above it.

vergüenza - berguenza (shame, disgrace)

Y

Y is basically read as "th".

Playa - playa (beach)

Reading consonants

Consonants in Spanish are a bit more difficult. In general they are read as they are written, but there are a number of important exceptions.

B-V

B and V are read the same

At the beginning of a word or stressed syllable - like Russian "B"

Vamos a bailar - Bamos a bailar (let's dance)

In other cases - an indistinct sound, an average between the Russian “B” and “V”

¡Viva la Cuba! - In and in a la Ku in a! (Long live Cuba!)

C

WITH reads like Russian "s" if followed by E, I or Y,

Cigarra - cigarra (cigar)

in other cases, C is read as the Russian “K”.

Cuba - Ku in a

The letter combination CH is read like the Russian “Ch”.

Muchacha - Muchacha

G

G reads like the Russian “х” if it is followed by E, I or Y,

Gitana - hit ana(Gypsy)

in other cases, G is read as the Russian “g”.

Gallina blanca - gayina blanca (white chicken)

If it is necessary to read G as the Russian “G” before E, I or Y, then an unreadable U is placed after G:

Guerra - Guerra (war)

H

H is never read

La Havana - La A b ana

J

J is always read as the Russian “kh”.

Julio - Julio

LL

Double L is read as a very soft “l”, and often .

just like "th". - paella

paeya

Ñ ​​is read as a soft “ny”. - Español

Espanel

X

X is read as "ks" - texto

texto

Z

Z is always read as the Russian “s” (Latin America) or the interdental “th” sound in English (Spain). - Gonzalez

Gonzalez

Punctuation marks

Exclamation and question marks in Spanish are placed not only at the end, but also at the beginning of a sentence, and at the beginning of a sentence they are inverted: - ¡No pasarán! But

pasaran! - ¿Cómo te llamas? Como

te yamas? (What is your name?)

Accents If a word ends with a vowel or the consonants N or S, then the stress drops.

on the penultimate syllable If a word ends with a consonant (except N and S), then the stress drops.

on the last syllable

If the stress falls on another syllable, this is indicated by a special sign revolu - with ion I'm worried

yo n

The accent mark is used for the vowels Á, É, Í, Ó and Ú.

Audio examples In Spain there are ABC books for children. IN primary school

All schools pay great attention to a thorough study of the alphabet. Knowing every letter is, of course, very important. In order to find words in the dictionary, you also need to know the Spanish alphabet and the order of the letters of the alphabet.

Alphabet pronunciation and its importance for you It is known that in English language

There are no strict rules regarding the pronunciation of words, and learning the alphabet is a vital issue because in this language you constantly have to clarify the correct spelling of new words. Everyday life we rarely use the alphabet as such. We just don't have to spell out the words!

The most famous letter

The most famous letter of the Spanish alphabet, a true icon of our language, is, of course, the letter “ñ”. It consists of the letter “n” with a small symbol above it called a “tilde”. Never forget to use it. “Un año” is not the same as “un ano”.

History of the Spanish alphabet

The Spanish alphabet is a modified version of the Latin alphabet and consists of 27 letters. The digraphs CH and LL denote separate sounds and until 1994 were considered separate letters and were located in the alphabet separately from C and L. An accent may be written above the vowels (A, E, I, O and U) to indicate a stressed syllable or other sense of the word and trem above the U to indicate separate reading.

The Spanish alphabet has evolved and been modified over many centuries.
The first attempt to standardize Spanish writing was made in the 13th century. under King Alfonso X the Wise. Under him, it was decided to introduce order into the various spelling variations that existed in the language at that time, based on the phonetic principle. He also introduced the doubled letter N, which subsequently led to the appearance of Ñ.

In 1517, the Spanish philologist Antonio de Nebrija published the “Rules of Spanish Spelling” (Reglas de ortografía española), which contained formulations of the general principles of graphics and their application to the Spanish language. The basis of these rules was the phonetic principle, but the etymological principle was also applied. Nebrija believed that language was an “instrument of empire” and sought to unify the Spanish language in accordance with the Valladolid pronunciation throughout the territory of the Castilian crown.

In 1531, the Treatise on Spelling and Pronunciation (Tractado de orthographia y accentos), authored by Alejo de Venegas, was published. It had many differences from Nebrikha's Rules (the oppositions B and V and the etymological use of the letter Y).

In Mexico City in 1609, the Castilian Orthography (Ortografía castellana) by Mateo Aleman from Seville was published. Unlike his predecessors Nebrija and Venegas, he had more of a phonetic principle (the digraph PH was abolished, a different spelling was introduced for r). And in 1614, another bold publication by Bartholomew Jimenez Paton, “The Art of the Spanish Castilian Language” (Arte de la lengua española castellana), was published.

In 1627, Gonzalo Correas published his work “The Art of the Spanish Castilian Language” (Arte de la lengua española castellana) and later, in 1630, its expanded and corrected version “New and Perfect Castilian Orthography” (Ortografía castellana nueva y perfeta) was published. where it was proposed to get rid of the use of C and Q as “k”, use the GH digraph for “g”, distinguish “r” in all positions, remove silent letters in consonantal groups, and also make symmetry between grapheme and phoneme.

In 1713, the Royal Spanish Academy was founded, one of the main goals of which was to standardize the norms of the Spanish language. The principle of the academy was the preservation of historical pronunciation and etymology (the difference between B and V was restored, the Latinized spelling for words of Greek pronunciation was fixed (TH instead of θ, RH instead of ρ, PS for ψ, PH for φ), unpronounceable H were restored, the some combinations with the letters P are of Greek origin, double S was excluded, stress rules and graphic stress for long vowels were introduced, CH and LL were included).

The norms and rules of spelling and grammar are established and controlled to this day by the Spanish Royal Academy. Starting from the mid-19th century, changes in the alphabet were very minor (new letters were added: the letter W was included to denote the sound W characteristic of Germanic languages; the letters CH and LL were excluded - they should not be considered individual letters, but digraphs or combinations of letters).

Spanish alphabet video

In this video we offer a song for learning the Spanish alphabet. Learning is easy, fast and fun. Listen to the Spanish alphabet.

Spanish alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet, spanish alphabet easy to remember, spanish alphabet- topic of the article. Spanish alphabet consists of Latin letters and three additional letters: ñ, ch, ll. As a result, the Spanish alphabet contains 29 letters, if you count the additional letter w, which is used only to write various names, borrowed words, etc. The Spanish alphabet can contain 30 letters, because... sometimes the double letter rr is added to it. The simplest building block of the Spanish language is the letters of the Spanish alphabet. Luckily, the names of the letters in the Spanish alphabet are usually close to the sounds they represent in the words, making it very easy to read. In total, the Spanish alphabet has 29 letters in the Latin script, two of them K And W, are found only in words that came into Spanish from other languages. How does the Spanish alphabet have 29 letters if the original Latin alphabet only has 26? The fact is that the Spaniards added additional elements to their alphabet that are characteristic only of their language: WITH, CH And LL. In some Spanish textbooks, another double letter is added to the alphabet - R.R., and then the total number of letters of the Spanish alphabet increases to 30. Learning Spanish should start with the Spanish alphabet. First of all, you must know the letters and sounds that make up the Spanish alphabet. Also, the Spanish alphabet is important for correct use of the dictionary. Since learning the Spanish language begins with the Spanish alphabet, first you will need to learn how to read Spanish correctly, knowledge of the Spanish alphabet will help you with this. It doesn't take much time or effort to learn the Spanish alphabet, especially if it's your second language. Fortunately, the names of letters in the Spanish alphabet are usually close to the sounds they represent in words. When we learn the letters of the Spanish alphabet, we don’t get very tired, because it’s an easy task that even children can handle. Like any language, Spanish has its own reading rules, which is why Spanish transcription exists. The rules for reading the Spanish alphabet are quite simple and not as numerous as in other languages. It will be enough to remember them once. The Spanish alphabet consists of 27 letters, of which 5 are vowels and 22 are consonants. There are also digraphs, which are the following phonemes: “ch”, “ll”, “gu”, “qu” and “rr”. The letters in the Spanish alphabet are pronounced the same way as they are written, but despite this, they also have their own characteristics, which we will talk about below. So, here is the main part of the Spanish alphabet (single letters). Read the Spanish alphabet and learn the names of all the letters.

Spanish alphabet

A a	a	A	Jj	jota	hota	R r	here	era
Bb	be	bae	K k	ca	ka	rr	err	Erre
C c	ce	se	Ll	ele	ele	Ss	ese	ese
Ch ch	che	what	Ll ll	elle	ale	T t	te	te
D d	de	de	Mm	eme	uh	U u	u	at
E e	e	e	Nn	ene	ene	Vv	uve	uwe
F f	efe	efe	Nn	ene	enye	W w	double uve	doble uve
G g	ge	heh	O o	o	O	X x	equis	ekis
H h	ache	ache	P p	pe	pe	Y y	i griega	and Griega
I i	i	And	Q q	cu	ku	Z z	ceda	set

Vowels

A a	[ a ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [a] under stress - P A mouth	madre, ambos, mapa
E e	[ e ]	Pronounced almost like the Russian sound [e] under stress - uh you	café, compadre, embarcar
I i	[ i ]	Pronounced like a Russian sound [and] under stress - P And in	finca, timbre, mi
O o	[ o ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [o] under stress, but with greater rounding of the lips - O pen	telefono, amo, foco
U u	[ u ]	It is pronounced like the Russian sound [u] under stress, but the lips are rounded more energetically - at xo	universo, reunión, unidos
Y y	[ i ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [and]	blanco y negro
	[ j ]	Pronounced as a semivowel [th] - kra th	mayo, muy

Consonants

Bb	[ b ]	At the beginning of a word and in the middle of a word after m And n sounds like a Russian sound [b]	beber, bonita
	[ b ]	Between vowels and before other consonants it is pronounced as the average between the Russian sounds [b] and [v]	arriba, febrero
C c	[ k ]	Before a, o, u and consonants are pronounced like the Russian sound [k]	сaza, octubre
	[ s ]	Before e And i pronounced like a dull lisping Russian sound [s]	once
CH ch	[ t∫ ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [ch], but more energetically and firmly	chico, machismo
D d	[ d ]	Pronounced softer than the Russian sound [d], but never deafened	madre, diablo
F f	[ f ]	Pronounced almost like the Russian sound [f]	eficaz, frío, frenes
G g	[ g ]	Before a, o, u and consonants, as well as in combination gu (where u is not pronounced) is pronounced as a Russian sound [g] (if there is a triple sign above the vowel u " ü ", it is pronounced)	agosto, gafas
	[ h ]	Before e And i pronounced somewhat more intensely than the Russian sound [x]	biology, gemelos
H h	[ - ]	Silent consonant, not pronounced	hermano, hacer, deshacer
Jj	[ h ]	Pronounced like a strong Russian sound [x], but at the end of the word it sounds very weak	mensaje, reloj
K k	[ k ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [k]	kilogramo, kilometro
Ll	[ l ]	Pronounced softer than the Russian sound [l], but harder than [l]	los, helado, pastel
llll	[ j ]	Pronounced approximately as [th], and in Argentina - as [zh] or [j]	llama, calle
Mm	[ m ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [m], but more energetic and short	madre, música, embajada
Nn	[ n ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [n]	no, en, andar
Ñ ñ	[ ñ ]	Pronounced as [ny] in words co no yak, nya nya, se no op	ñoño, cañón, campaña
P p	[ p ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [p]	padre, suponer
Q q	[ k ]	Only found in combination qu (where u is not pronounced), and is pronounced like the Russian sound [k]	quetzal, que
R r	[ r ]	In the middle and at the end of a word it is pronounced like the Russian sound [r]	primavera
	[ rr ]	At the beginning of a word it is pronounced as a double Russian sound [р] - [рр]	rojo, ruso
Ss	[ s-∫ ]	Pronounced as an average between the Russian sounds [s] and [sh]	mesa, senior
	[ s-z ]	Before consonants d, m And g pronounced almost like the Russian sound [z], but weaker	desde, desgastar
T t	[ t ]	Pronounced like the Russian sound [t], but without aspiration. Doesn't soften in front of e And i.	todo, yate, temer
Vv	[ b ]	At the beginning of a word and after m, n pronounced almost like the Russian sound [b]	ventana, vino
	[ v ]	In the middle of a word, the average between the Russian sounds [b] and [v] is pronounced.	cerveza, novio
W w	[ w ]	Pronounced like the English sound [w] - w ater	kilowatt, Zimbabwe
X x	[ ks ]	Pronounced as a combination of Russian sounds [ks]	éxito, experience
Z z	[ s ]	Pronounced like a lisping Russian sound [s]; written before a, o, u, consonants and at the end of a word.	zorro, vez

Spanish alphabet with letter pronunciation

Here is a table with the Spanish alphabet. The first column contains Spanish letters, the second column contains their original names, and the third column contains translations of the names of Spanish letters into Russian.

Since many people are looking for the Spanish alphabet with pronunciation, we immediately give you the link you need.

Red dots indicate digraph letters that are no longer in the modern Spanish alphabet. Pay attention to the fact that the digraph ll occurs at the beginning and middle of the word, and rr - only in the middle.

So, as you can see, there are 27 independent letters in the Spanish language, and there are also digraphs (ll, for example). Until 1994 these were separate letters, but later they were abolished.

In addition, not in the Spanish alphabet, but in the text you can find variants of vowels with stress; in Spanish everything is simple: if there is a graphic stress, then it is there when reading.

The Spanish alphabet also differs from Latin in the presence of the letter “enye” - in words it is read differently than the usual n.

All basic standards in the field of Spanish spelling, grammar and spelling on this moment controlled by a single body - the Royal Academy of Spain.

The Spanish language in this part is quite stable: rarely any fundamental changes are made, the main principles are already for a long time are etymological and phonological, that is, words are written based on their origin and sound. It is impossible to make the Spanish alphabet and writing completely phonological because there are many dialects and variants.

Chances are, if you've been looking for the Spanish alphabet, you're just starting to learn it. We will be glad if you follow the link to our absolutely