Rural settlement, historically significant place. Worship in the village of Modi

The first mention of the Church of the Resurrection in Molody is found in the “History of the Russian State” by N.M. Karamzin, when describing the battle of Russian troops led by Prince Mikhail Vorotynsky with the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet-Girey in 1572. As N.M. Karamzin describes, the battle occurred “on August 1, fifty versts from the capital at the Resurrection in Molodi” (Vol. 9, Ch. 4). Since those times there has been a wooden temple. In the middle of the 17th century, the Church of the Resurrection of Christ stood in the churchyard in Molodi. In 1646, the village belonged to the newly baptized Fedot Izmet-ildeev, son of Rezanov, and the nobleman Prokofy Fedorovich Sokovnin, close to the royal family. Under the Sokovnins, the churchyard in Molodi merged with the village, and the village of Molodi appeared. At the same time, the owners of the village built a new wooden church building. The new temple was located next to their estate, apparently not far from the modern temple.
After the death of Prokofy Sokovnin, the estate with the village of Molodi passed into the possession of his four children. Daughters - Feodosia (boyar Morozova) and Evdokia (Princess Urusova) - went down in history as zealots old faith, sympathizing with the rebellious spirit of Old Believer communities who disagree with the church reforms of Patriarch Nikon. It is not known for certain whether the sisters visited the village of Molodi. One can only assume that they spent part of their childhood on their parents’ estate near Moscow.
In 1699, Tsar Peter I granted Molodi to the outstanding figure in Russian history of Peter the Great's time, boyar Fyodor Alekseevich Golovin.

In 1703, construction of a stone church began. On May 14, 1706, with the blessing of Metropolitan Stefan (Yavorsky), the patriarchal locum tenens, an antimension was issued for the consecration of the newly built church. The next major reconstruction, after which the church acquired modern look, carried out in the 70–80s of the 18th century, apparently by the landowner Alexei Ivanovich Saltykov. According to the design of an unknown architect, the dimensions of the temple were significantly increased.

Two new chapels were placed in the refectory, and two bell towers were rebuilt. Two identical vestibules with pediment endings appeared on the northern and southern parts of the building. The inside of the church has been painted again oil paints. After the death of the owner of the village Molodi A.I. Saltykov, at the end of 1770, a tomb was built near the fence of the temple on the eastern side, a few meters from the altar. The brick, rectangular building with a low hipped roof in the shape of a pyramid became the last refuge of the landowner. The new owner of the village of Molodi, Stepan Egorovich Korotkov, in honor of his heavenly patron, built a chapel “In the name of St. Stephen of Sourozh the Wonderworker” in the Church of the Resurrection.

Subsequently, from the mid-19th to the mid-20th centuries, only renovation work and minor changes. In the middle of the 19th century, the village was owned by A.D. Bestuzheva. The last owner was A.I. Borodin. In 1913-1916, the family of the artist L. O. Pasternak rented a dacha on his neglected estate.
After October revolution In 1917, clergy who held services in surviving churches were constantly in danger of being arrested and shot. This is exactly the fate that befell priest Mikhail Rybin, a native of the village of Molodi. He was born in 1877 in the family of peasant Fyodor Rybin. IN mature age Since 1919, Mikhail Fedorovich began to serve as a psalm-reader in the church. In 1925 he was ordained to the priesthood. Father Mikhail’s last place of ministry was the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in his native village of Molodi. On January 25, 1938, priest Mikhail Rybin was arrested on trumped-up charges of anti-Soviet agitation. On February 2 of the same year, the NKVD troika sentenced Father Mikhail to death. On February 17, the sentence was carried out at the Butovo training ground near Moscow. The memory of the Hieromartyr Michael is celebrated on the day of his martyrdom - February 17, as well as on the day of the celebration of the Council of New Martyrs and Confessors of the Russian Church - February 7.

After the arrest of the rector of the temple, priest Mikhail Rybin, the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in the village of Molodi was closed and used as a granary. At the end of the war, in 1946, at the urgent requests of believers, services began again within the walls of the temple.

The last priest to serve in Soviet time in the Resurrection Molodinsky Church, became Vasily Mikhailovich Lebedev (now retired Archbishop Melchizedek). Father Vasily was born in 1927 into a peasant family in the village of Novo-Cherkasovo, Shatursky district, Moscow region. In 1946 he entered the Moscow Theological Seminary, after which he was ordained a priest. In February 1955, he was appointed rector of the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in the village of Molodi, where he put a lot of work into restoring parish life. In 1961, Father Vasily was transferred as rector to the Church of the Nativity Holy Mother of God of the city of Orekhovo-Zuyevo and appointed dean of the churches of the Orekhovo-Zuevo district of the Moscow diocese. However, with the departure of the rector, services in the Molodin church stopped.

On June 19, 1961, local authorities issued a resolution to seize the church building from the community of believers. The temple was closed, and all church utensils, icons and iconostases were lost without a trace. A cinema booth was added to the southern aisle, and a boiler room with a brick chimney was added to the northern aisle. The space of the temple was adapted into a village club. The tombstones located next to the church were taken away somewhere, and the church fence was removed.

The Resurrection Church was again handed over to believers in 1991. By decree of Metropolitan Yuvenaly of Krutitsy and Kolomna, priest Konstantin Lebedev, the son of his predecessor at the place of service, Archbishop Melchizedek (Lebedev), was appointed as the new rector. Father Konstantin had to work hard to revive the life of the parish and return the temple to its former beauty and grandeur. Under Father Konstantin, large-scale repair work was carried out, the interior decoration was recreated, the church fence and tomb were restored.

The Peter and Paul chapel of the Resurrection Church, through the diligence of Father Constantine, became the first, after a many-year break, in the Moscow diocese, where the great consecration of the throne was performed by three bishops: Metropolitan Juvenaly, Archbishop Melchizedek and Bishop Gregory. The Church of the Resurrection became one of the centers of the revival of Orthodoxy in the southern Moscow region. In 2012, Archpriest Konstantin reposed in the Lord, having served in the Resurrection Church for 21 years.
Now, by the grace of God, through the prayers and labors of believers, the restoration of the former splendor of the Church of the Resurrection continues, and parish life is developing. The temple is open daily. There is a Sunday school for children, and weekly classes on the study of the Holy Scriptures for adults. Divine services are held on weekends and holidays.

For more than five hundred years, the history of the village Juvenile inextricably linked with Church of the Resurrection of Christ.

First mention of Church of the Resurrection in Molodi found in Karamzin's description. But the temple itself stood on the churchyard near the village much earlier.

The Church of the Resurrection of Christ in the village of Molodi in the 17th century, when it belonged to the Sokovnin boyars, belonged to the category of so-called cemetery ones. It was built on the outskirts of the cemetery. It is quite possible that it was here that the warriors who heroically defended their homeland in the Battle of Molodi were mostly buried. Cemetery churches were built to serve exclusively for funeral and memorial services, as well as memorial services.

The sons of the Tsar's falconer Sokovnin, Alexey and Fedor, lived on their father's estate in Molodi. It was under them that the village grew and absorbed the Resurrection Church, which stood on the outskirts of an ancient churchyard far from populated areas.

After the death of the falconer Sokovnin and his sons, along with the church and graveyard, went to no less famous Russian history character - Count Fedor Alekseevich Golovin

Count Golovin was a very wealthy man. Using his own funds, next to the manor house in Molodi, he erected a stone Church of the Resurrection of Christ to replace the wooden church. According to some reports, construction took about three years. Its beginning dates back to 1703, and in 1706 (shortly before the count’s death) the construction of the temple was completed in general terms. History has not preserved the name of the architect or any other details of the construction.

Of course, the church built by Golovin looked much more modest than it does now - both bell towers, which give the temple a recognizable appearance today, were missing. Both aisles were missing. Where exactly the bell ringer struck the bells from, gathering parishioners for prayer, is not entirely clear; there was probably some kind of bell tower, which was dismantled during the construction of two new ones.

After the death of the noble nobleman Golovin, the estate went to representatives of the extensive Russian noble family of the Saltykovs. No information has reached us about the reconstruction or repairs that the Church of the Resurrection of Christ may have undergone in the 18th century. It is only known that Alexey Ivanovich Saltykov was buried next to the temple. The general’s tomb in the temple courtyard has survived to this day. It is a cubic structure topped with a pyramid-shaped roof. Its four sides are decorated with white stone two-column porticoes and corner pilasters. Today the tomb has been restored and appears in its original form.

After the death of Alexei Ivanovich Saltykov in 1781, Molodi went to the poet and director Russian Academy Sciences Sergei Gerasimovich Domashnev, comrade-in-arms of Catherine II.

Alterations by the Domashnev brothers

Brothers Sergei and Ivan Domashnev were pious people and seriously took up the renovation of the already fairly dilapidated temple. But the matter was not limited to repairs. From the western facade, two three-tiered identical bell towers, built in classic style. Actually, they give the temple that recognizable and unique appearance, which we can see today if we drive along the Old Simferopol Road - a backup of the Don highway.

The Domashnev brothers did not limit themselves to bell towers, but added chapels to the main church building on both sides: one was consecrated in the name of the apostles Peter and Paul, and the second in the name of St. Stephen of Sourozh. A spacious refectory was also added, and on the roof there was a pyramidal completion of the dome. Two solid vestibules, decorated with antique colonnades, were attached to the temple on the southern and northern sides.

In this form, the Church of the Resurrection of Christ in Molodi has survived to this day.

In 1961, the Church of the Resurrection in the village of Molodi was closed, all icons, iconostases and church utensils were confiscated, their traces were lost. They even dismantled the fence and destroyed the ancient tombstones in the cemetery. A village club with a cinema was opened in the temple building.

Today the Resurrection Church lives an ordinary life. The parishioners love it, and it is always crowded, although the population of the village does not exceed a thousand people.

Sasha Mitrakhovich 29.06.2018 08:26

It is not distinguished by its refined shapes and is a typical “octagon on a quadruple”. In 1786, the area of the church was significantly increased by adding an extensive refectory and two symmetrical bell towers.

The northern aisle, built in the refectory, was consecrated in the name of the apostles Peter and Paul, and the southern one was named in honor of St. Stephen of Sourozh the Wonderworker. Two new identical porches appeared on the northern and southern sides; covered galleries were added to them, supported by columns, the pediment ends of which were decorated with tipmans with frescoes on biblical subjects.

The walls of the main building of the temple are decorated with simple pilasters, and above the windows there are small oval niches. Pilasters also decorate the edges of the quadrangular bell towers. Here the niches of the second tier are much larger than those above the windows of the main building, and they are painted with figures of saints.

The main dome and the domes of the bell towers are crowned with pyramidal tops covered with iron and painted green.

Four mosaic icons deserve special attention - two on the southern bell tower and two on the northern. Four more icons on these towers were painted with oil paints, but time has shown their fragility - the paint did not withstand weather conditions and seriously peeled off over the entire surface. The fresco on the southern wall of the second tier of the southern bell tower, which depicts the Holy Patriarch of Moscow Hermogenes, was especially damaged.

But four mosaic icons look beautiful, one of them - on the western facade of the southern bell tower - is the image of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. On the north side of this bell tower is the image of John Chrysostom. Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow, is depicted on the western wall of the northern bell tower.

Sasha Mitrakhovich 29.06.2018 08:36

Juvenile
Village

55°16′30″ n. w. 37°30′31″ E. d. HGIOL
A country	Russia Russia
Subject of the federation	Moscow region
Municipal district	Chekhovsky
Rural settlement	Lyubuchanskoe
History and geography
Timezone	UTC+3
Population
Population	↘ 676 people (2010)
Digital IDs
Postcode	142390
OKATO code	46 256 816 031
OKTMO code	46 656 416 201
Other
Honorary title	Locality of military valor

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Population

Battle of Molodi

In 1572, the significant Battle of Molodi took place near the village of Molodi, which became a turning point in the confrontation between the Russian state and the westernmost fragment of the Golden Horde, a vassal of the Ottoman Empire - the Crimean Khanate.

In 1572, Russian troops under the command of Prince M.I. Vorotynsky defeated the army of the Crimean Tatars and Turks. Taking advantage of the diversion of Russian forces to the Baltic states, the Crimean Khanate, with the support of the Ottoman Sultan, intensified its aggression from the south. In 1572 Crimea organized a campaign against Moscow; 120 thousand The army was led personally by Khan Devlet-Girey I.

The battle began on July 26 near the confluence of the Lopasni River and the Oka. Despite the fact that there were only a little more than 20 thousand Russians, Vorotynsky, skillfully maneuvering, defeated the army of Devlet-Girey in a number of separate battles, completing its defeat on August 3 with a sudden attack of his reserve in the rear of the Tatar-Turkish army.

Molodi Estate

In 1699, Peter I granted the estate to his associate Fyodor Golovin. Under him, stone construction began in Molodi in accordance with the then ideas about the country residence of a noble nobleman (a stone house with services, a church, a park with a regular layout and all sorts of undertakings: pavilions, gazebos, grottoes). After the death of the count, the estate was passed down from generation to generation along the family line for almost 80 years.

In 1736-1786. the estate is owned by the Saltykovs. Alexey Ivanovich Saltykov (brother of the first Prince Saltykov), Tambov governor, and his wife Ekaterina Borisovna (nee Princess Golitsyna) in 1775-78. They completely renovated the entire architectural ensemble of the estate: the manor house, services, church, family tomb.

After the death of the childless Saltykov, the estate passed to Sergei Domashnev and his brother Ivan in 1786. Then chapels and paired bell towers (classicism) are added to the “octagon-on-quadruple” type temple. It is worth noting the peculiar pyramidal completion of the church, which corresponds more to Western architectural trends than to Russian ones.

At the beginning of the 19th century. the Molodi estate belonged to Marfa Yakovlevna Krotkova, who donated a lot to churches and monasteries, and in the middle of the 19th century. The village was owned by A.D. Bestuzheva.

The last owner was A.I. Borodin. In 1913-1916. in his neglected estate, the family of the artist L. O. Pasternak rented a dacha (see essay

Molodi is a village in the Chekhov district of the Moscow region, belongs to rural settlement Lyubuchanskoe. It is located 8 km south of Klimovsk, on the old Simferopol highway, west of the modern M2 highway (“Crimea”).
Population - 860 people (2006), 676 (2010, census).

In 1572, the significant Battle of Molodi took place near the village of Molodi, which became a turning point in the centuries-long confrontation between the Russian state and the most rebellious fragment of the Golden Horde, the vassal Ottoman Empire- Crimean Khanate.

The village of Molodi has been widely known since the first half of the 17th century. In 1646 it was acquired by P.F. Sokovnin. Through profitable marriage alliances, the Sokovnins rise from rags to riches and occupy high positions at the court of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.
In 1699, Peter I granted the estate to Fyodor Golovin. Count Golovin (1650-1706) - admiral and field marshal general, participant in the Great Embassy and chief executive Russian foreign policy. Under him, stone construction began in Molodi in accordance with the then ideas about the country residence of a noble nobleman (a stone house with services, a church, a park with a regular layout and all sorts of undertakings: pavilions, gazebos, grottoes). We don’t know what Golovin managed to bring to life, but there is no doubt: the Baroque Church of the Resurrection was erected under him. After the death of the count, the estate was passed down from generation to generation along the family line for almost 80 years.
From 1736-1786 The estate is owned by the Saltykovs.
1775-1778 - a new construction period, when the entire architectural ensemble of the estate was updated: the manor house, services, church, and a family tomb was built.
After the Saltykovs, in 1786 the estate passed to S.G. and I.G. Domashnev. Then chapels and paired bell towers in the classical style are added to the “octagon-on-quadruple” type temple. It is worth noting the peculiar pyramidal completion of the church, which corresponds more to Western architectural trends than to Russian ones.
At the beginning of the 19th century. The Molodi estate belonged to Marfa Yakovlevna Krotkova, who donated a lot to churches and monasteries.
In the middle of the 19th century. the village was owned by A.D. Bestuzheva.
The last owner was A.I. Borodin. In 1913-1916. In his neglected estate, the family of the artist L.O. Pasternak rented a dacha.

The surviving two-story manor house (or rather, its outer walls) stands in the same building line as the temple and faces the main façade towards the road. It is decorated with pediments and triangular sandstones above the windows. The building is abandoned, the roof and ceilings have collapsed.
The landscape park of the 18th century with the remains of radial alleys and numerous ponds on three levels is quite extensive and picturesque.
Church of the Resurrection of Christ. A brick church of the “octagon on quadrangle” type, built in 1703-1706 at the expense of F. A. Golovin. In 1786, it was rebuilt at the expense of S. G. and I. G. Domashnov, a refectory and two paired bell towers were added, marking the main entrance, crowned with figured domes, chapels in the refectory of Peter and Paul and Stephen of Sourozh. After the reconstruction, the sides of the octagon were decorated with fluted pilasters and small oval niches above the windows. The portals of the northern and southern facades of the base received high pediments and four-column Tuscan porticoes, significantly protruding beyond the plane of the pediments. The new refectory was also decorated with the same portico. Closed in 1961, occupied by a cinema. Returned to believers in 1991. Currently, the rector is Archpriest Konstantin Vasilyevich Lebedev.

When I look out the window, I immediately remember Stephen King with his “The Fog”... But how good the summer started.

Molodi is a village in the Chekhov district of the Moscow region.
How to get there: to Kolkhoznaya station, Kursk direction. The drive is a little over an hour. 56th kilometer of the Moscow - Simferopol highway M2 "Crimea".

The village is famous for two things: the estate and the Battle of Molodi - a major battle that took place in 1572, in which Russian troops led by the governor Prince Mikhail Vorotynsky and the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet I Giray fought. Despite more than twofold numerical superiority, the 40,000-strong Crimean army was put to flight and almost completely killed.
1.

In terms of its significance, the Battle of Molodi is comparable to Kulikovo and other key battles in Russian history. Victory in the battle allowed Russia to maintain its independence and became a turning point in the confrontation between the Muscovite state and the Crimean Khanate, which abandoned its claims to the Kazan and Astrakhan khanates and henceforth lost most of its power.

We walk along the platform away from Moscow, go down the stairs, turn left, cross the tracks and find ourselves in the village. The population of the village is 860 people. We go 350m straight.
2. They appear as new houses under construction

3. So do older ones

We turn right and walk another 500 meters.
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8. Monument to fellow villagers who died in the war.

9. The Kakbe River offers to improve the demographic situation

10. The river itself

11. Remains of bridges?

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Little has survived from the estate to this day.
Church of the Resurrection of Christ. A brick church of the “octagon on quadrangle” type, built in 1703-1706 at the expense of F. A. Golovin. In 1786 it was rebuilt with funds from S. G. and I. G. Domashnevs.
13.

The portals of the northern and southern facades of the base received high pediments and four-column Tuscan porticoes, significantly protruding beyond the plane of the pediments. The new refectory was also decorated with the same portico. Closed in 1961, occupied by a cinema. Returned to believers in 1991.
14.

The renovation apparently took place quite a long time ago; the external icons are already very dilapidated
15. Nicholas the Wonderworker

16. Metropolitan Peter

17 Here, alas, it is no longer possible to make out the inscription.

18.

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20. Apostle Paul

21. Chapel on the territory of the temple

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A little further from the temple, the outbuildings of the estate stand in ruins.
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The main building of the estate is not in the best condition.
26.

The Molodi estate has been known since the first half of the 17th century. In 1646 it was acquired by P.F. Sokovnin. Through profitable marriage alliances, the Sokovnins rise from rags to riches and occupy high positions at the court of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. The further prosperity of this family was damaged by adherence to the Old Believers. The well-known schismatics, Boyarina Morozova and Princess Urusova, formerly bore the surname Sokovnin.
27.

In 1699, Peter I granted the estate to Fyodor Golovin. 1775 - 1778 - a new construction period, when the entire architectural ensemble of the estate was updated: the manor house, services, church. These works are carried out under other owners - the Saltykovs.
28.