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Russian-Kokand Uzbek war. Forced march: why the army of Uzbekistan soared in the ranking of military power Military equipment and weapons

The independence and sovereignty of any country directly depend on the size and combat capability of its army. After the collapse of the USSR, all republics that gained independence created their own armed forces. This article contains information about what army is in Uzbekistan.

Peculiarities

It is known that this state has not entered into any interstate armed conflict. Military personnel acquired combat experience through numerous clashes with terrorist and extremist groups. Uzbekistan adheres to a neutral foreign policy. His army was formed exclusively for defensive purposes.

For many military experts, and even more so for ordinary people far from the army, the current state of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan is not entirely clear. The country's Ministry of Defense prefers to keep the public in the dark about the current state of affairs in the army. This article outlines only some publicly available facts.

Story

The army of Uzbekistan was officially formed in January 1992. As in many former CIS republics, the USSR left a rich legacy for its development: various army equipment, military bases and other auxiliary elements.

In 1990, the army of the Uzbek SSR experienced a massive outflow of officers. Its percentage of the total number of military personnel did not exceed 0.6%. In 1991, the General Staff resolved this issue by creating an effective officer training system. Specialists have developed a special educational methodology. Its main thesis was that the army of Uzbekistan should develop and move forward gradually, while a fundamental break with the Soviet past was excluded. Thus, anyone who believes that the armed forces in a given state arose in 1992 is mistaken. In fact, the army of Uzbekistan is the successor to the former Soviet army.

What the Uzbek Armed Forces faced

At one time, the Soviet Union was known for its global vision of problems, therefore, when forming military units, it used traditional approaches. The Army of Uzbekistan abandoned this method; for this it had to reorient itself a little.

The threat to the new state came from drug traffickers, extremists and terrorists who entered the country from Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Controlling borders with these states turned out to be very problematic, since most of the protected areas were inaccessible mountainous areas.

Mobile units patrolling the border found themselves separated from the main group of the Uzbek army. Military corps to combat terrorism, which appeared on the most problematic sections of the border, as well as special forces battalions, made it possible to radically change the situation for the better.

To support their firepower, the military command allocated helicopter equipment, with the help of which combat operations are now carried out quickly and efficiently.

Military service in Uzbekistan: how many people serve in the army of this country

The following types of service are provided for young men of military age:

  • Fixed for one year. This procedure has been in effect since 2003. Before this time, the duration of military service was eighteen months. The conscription age remained the same: from eighteen years old.
  • Service in the army of Uzbekistan on a contract basis.
  • In the reserve of the armed forces.
  • In the mobilization conscription reserve for a period of one month.

Since 2008, young people are called up for military service once a year: in February-March.

Compound

The Army of Uzbekistan consists of:

  • Ground forces.
  • Air Force and Air Defense.
  • Special forces.
  • National Guard.
  • Military river forces, which are subordinate to the State Border Protection Committee.

The strength of the army of Uzbekistan is 60 thousand people.

Ground troops

For this type of troops, the General Staff provides forty-five thousand people who serve in the following brigades:

  • Tank (one).
  • Easy mountain (one).
  • Motorized rifle (eleven).
  • Air assault (three).
  • Artillery (six).
  • Rocket (one).
  • Engineering (four).

Districts

The territory of Uzbekistan is divided into four military districts. The military command is located in Tashkent. The city of Karshi became the headquarters of the Southwestern district, Fergana - Eastern, Nukus - Northern and Jizzakh - Central. Each district is equipped with an army brigade (motorized rifle, airborne or air assault). In emergency cases, the commander of a particular district controls all units and power units located on its territory.

Military equipment and weapons

The ground forces of Uzbekistan are equipped with:

  • Tanks: T-72 (70 units), T-64 (100), T-62 (170 units).
  • Airborne combat vehicles: BDM-2 and BMD-1 (130).
  • Infantry fighting vehicles: BMP-2 and BPM-1 (270 units), BTR-D (50), BTR-60 (24), BTR-70 (25), BTR-80 (210 vehicles).
  • Self-propelled artillery units: 122-mm 2S1 “Gvozdika” (18 guns), 152-mm 2S3 “Akatsiya” (17), “Nona-S” (54), 203-mm 2S7 “Pion” (48 pieces).
  • Towed artillery guns (howitzers): 122 mm D-30 (60 pieces), 152 mm 2A36 "Gyacinth-B" (140 guns).
  • Multiple launch rocket systems: BM-21 "Grad" (36 units), "Grad-1" (24), 48 BM-27 "Hurricane" (48).
  • Anti-tank weapons: MT-12 “Malyutka” and “Fagot”.
  • Operational-tactical missile systems (OPRK): “Tochka” (5 systems).

The highest concentration of ground weapons is observed in the areas of Termez and Tashkent. The ground forces of Uzbekistan have sufficient numbers military equipment in order to successfully counter terrorist and extremist groups.

Airspace protection

The airspace of Uzbekistan is protected by the Air Force and Air Defense Forces. 17 thousand people serve in them.

Composition of the air force

The Air Force of the Army of Uzbekistan is equipped with:

  • A regiment of fighters.
  • A regiment of fighter-bombers.
  • A regiment of stormtroopers.
  • Transport aviation (one regiment).
  • Training aviation (several squadrons).
  • A regiment equipped with attack helicopters.
  • A regiment with transport helicopters.

Air defense

Conscripts serve in the air defense forces in:

  • Two anti-aircraft missile brigades.
  • A separate aviation squadron of fighters.

Air protection is provided by:

  • Pterodactyl unmanned aerial vehicles (their exact number is unknown).
  • Multipurpose fighters SU-27 (25 aircraft) and MIG-29 (30).
  • Frontline bombers SU-17 (26 units) and SU-24 (34).
  • SU-25 attack aircraft (20 vehicles).
  • Combat helicopters: multi-purpose MI-8 (52 vehicles), transport MI-24 (29).

Airplanes and helicopters are equipped with Kh-23, Kh-25, Kh-28, Kh-58, R-27, R-73 and R-60 missiles. The air defense and air forces of Uzbekistan are equipped with S-75, S-125 and S-200. The largest number of aviation equipment is located at military air bases in Chirchik, Karshi, Tashkent, Nukus, Jizzakh, Kagan, Termez and Navoi.

Fleet

The military river forces of Uzbekistan (Termez River Flotilla) are subordinate to the State Border Protection Committee. The country is the second "most continental" country in the world after Liechtenstein: it is landlocked and does not border any state with access to the World Ocean.

The naval fleet of Uzbekistan today is countering drug traffickers and preventing the penetration of Islamic fundamentalism from Afghanistan into the interior of the country. Having gained independence, Uzbekistan became the owner of river border troops on the Amu Darya River. When carrying out their service, border guards use the Shmel artillery boats and three armored tankers inherited from the Soviet Navy. Today their operational resource is exhausted. In order to extend it for another twenty years, at the beginning of 2000, tests were carried out on naval equipment. renovation work. The US State Department has allocated $5.6 billion to modernize the military flotilla of Uzbekistan. In 2005, the fleet of Uzbekistan became the owner of the boats “Jayhun” and “Sayhun”. Ship ranks in the country's fleet remained the same as they were in the USSR Navy. Military service here lasts for one year.

Inner forces

The special forces of Uzbekistan are represented by rapid reaction brigades. The Chirchik special forces team of five thousand people was used as the basis for their formation. They are subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. 20 thousand military personnel are united in five brigades. In addition, the Ministry of Internal Affairs still includes a separate battalion of special forces “Bars”.

The National Guard is a paramilitary formation within the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan. The tasks of the National Guard are to protect especially important statesmen, as well as the main strategic bases and facilities located in Tashkent. The number of National Guard does not exceed one thousand military personnel.

This small force unit is well equipped and uses the most modern technologies. Military personnel are trained to perform combat missions in urban environments.

Border troops

Border protection is carried out by the Border Troops Committee of the Service national security(SNB) of Uzbekistan. Combat missions are carried out by two special forces detachments: group “C” and “OK Tashkent”. The number of this department is several thousand people.

Rating of the army of Uzbekistan

Every year the government allocates about 1.5 billion US dollars for the development of the armed forces. As a result, the army of Uzbekistan ranks 48th in the world rankings. Among the countries of the former Soviet Union, the Uzbek armed forces are in third position after Russia and Ukraine.

Conclusion

The government of the country provides journalists with information about the number of military equipment, which is impossible to verify. In this regard, according to military experts, it is quite difficult to judge the combat effectiveness of the Uzbek army. However, ordinary citizens do not consider this state of affairs a problem.

The Ministry of Defense of this state conducts regular military exercises. A well-trained army allows Uzbeks to feel completely safe.

RUSSIAN-KOKAND UZBEK WAR The battle of the Russians with the Kokandians at Uzyn-Agash (Agach) is already 155 years old. 1860 The Khan of Kokand, the first of the rulers of Central Asia, on the orders of the Turkish Caliph, declared “Gazavat” - a holy Islamic war (now called “jihad”) on Russia. Earlier, when in October 1853 Turkey started a war against Russia (later England and France acted in alliance with it; the latter jointly intervened in Crimea in 1854 - the so-called “Crimean War” began; then the British attacked Petropavlovsk-on-Kamchatka; at the same time, Turkey organized a “gazavat” of mountaineers against Russia in the Caucasus). And in the fall of 1853, in the south, the Khanate of Kokand began military operations against Russia - this was another “pug” that decided to “boldly” attack in the general crowd (on the orders of its master - and with the support of Turkey and England). If earlier the Kokand people were limited to small attacks by their border detachments on the Russian borders, now Kokand began real extensive military operations, with large forces with centralized leadership from Kokand. We must also remember that the ancient aggressor - the Kokand Khanate - was not independent, but completely followed all the instructions of its master - the Ottoman Turkish Caliph. In the battle for the Russian fort Perovsky (formerly Ak-mosque) at the end of 1853, the Uzbek (Kokand) troops were defeated and fled in panic, losing 2 thousand people and abandoning all their guns (Russians - 1055 people with 19 guns, against 12 thousand Kokandans with 17 guns, with a numerical superiority of the Uzbeks 1:11.4)! Later, the aggressor - the Kokand Khan - again tried to attack the Russian borders, and in October 1860, two cavalry detachments of Uzbeks from Kokand and Tashkent (Tashkent was captured by the Uzbeks and since 1809 was under the yoke of Kokand), 20 thousand (according to according to other data - 30 thousand) people and with 2 guns, moved towards the Russian fortress "Verny" (in Soviet time annexed to the Kazakh SSR and renamed by the Kazakhs in 1921 to the city of Alma-Ata).

FORTRESS "FAITH" KOLPAKOVSKY G.A. "Faithful" was in a very dangerous position; the Russian detachment of Major Kolpakovsky, which came to the rescue, numbered only 700 people with 6 guns (total: the ratio of forces was 1:28.6 - in favor of the Uzbeks!). Another thing is that, according to ancient military tradition, it was conventionally accepted that “1 mounted warrior in battle = 3 infantrymen.” In the Uzun-Agach battle on October 21 (old style), 1860, the Kokand troops were defeated. The battle lasted more than 9 hours, the Russian infantry successfully repelled the attacks of the Kokand cavalry. There was a moment in the battle when the detachment was fighting completely surrounded, and Kolpakovsky himself was shell-shocked. Having lost about 700 people (according to other sources, the losses were up to 400 killed and 600 wounded), the Uzbeks were forced to retreat on the 22nd without resuming the battle. The Russians had 2 killed and about 30 wounded. For the victory at Uzun-Agach, Kolpakovsky was promoted to “colonel” and awarded the Order of St. George, IV degree (information about G.A. Kolpakovsky). With the victory at Uzun-Agach, Russia finally strengthened itself in Semirechye and in the Trans-Ili region.

BATTLE NEAR IKANYU In 1864, a battle between Russians and Kokands (Uzbeks) took place near the village of Ikan. On December 4, 1864, the Ural Cossack hundred under the command of Yesaul Serov (one hundred of 112 Cossacks and 1 ancient gun - “unicorn”) was sent to the steppe for reconnaissance. A suddenly appeared army under the command of Alimkul from Kokand (10 thousand, according to other sources - 20 thousand mounted soldiers with 3 guns) surrounded a hundred. The unequal battle lasted 2.5 days. In front of the surrounded Cossacks, they tortured and executed the captured wounded and offered the Cossacks to surrender. 2.5 days without sleep, without food and rest, a handful of Cossacks, having suffered losses, fought off the wild hordes; horses and camels were killed; there were already few cartridges... But the Russians not only did not surrender, but with a sudden attack they broke out of the encirclement and fought their way to their own. As a result: in the Cossack hundred, 57 people were killed and 41 were wounded. This is how the battle near the village of Ikan ended in December 1864, where 10,000-strong cavalry could not defeat only 112 Russian soldiers (the balance of forces was 1:89 - in favor of the Uzbeks - this is the only case in Military history!), while the Kokand people lost up to 90 commanders and about 2 thousand people killed in that battle!

TASHKENT, April 19 - Sputnik, Anton Kurilkin. In last year's Global Firepower ranking, the army of Uzbekistan remained the strongest in Central Asia and one of the most powerful in the post-Soviet space. This year the result was achieved by several CIS countries at once. What is the secret of such a breakthrough for Uzbekistan, the correspondent figured out.

A matter of technology

One of the main factors of military power remains, of course, the quantity and quality of equipment and weapons - these are the main parameters when calculating the rating (which is generally based on 50 indicators).

And new weapons are actively being supplied to the army of Uzbekistan: Tashkent entered into a contract with Moscow and bought a mine-protected Arlan from Astana.

The issue of creating and developing its own military-industrial complex has also been raised in the country: it has already been established, and negotiations are underway with allies to deploy the assembly of armored vehicles in Uzbekistan.

The modernization of old equipment left over from Soviet times can also potentially strengthen the republic’s army. For example, Tashkent has 420 tanks alone, which is comparable to Germany’s armored vehicle fleet and more than France’s.

As the experience of the Russian and Belarusian armed forces shows, today the modernization of tanks can extend their life by several decades and raise the capabilities of combat vehicles to modern standards.

Military reform

Behind Last year Shavkat Mirziyoyev seriously took up the modernization of the armed forces - a number of bills on social security for military personnel were adopted. Serious personnel work was also carried out - the commanders of the military districts were replaced, a new chief of the General Staff was appointed.

Not all officers were ready for change—passive and uninitiated ones were fired or demoted from the ranks of the armed forces.

“The Minister of Defense himself has already dismissed about 40 and demoted 36 military personnel who do not meet the requirements and have withdrawn from active work in the troops,” said Shavkat Mirziyoyev.

A new edition of the most important document for the army - the country - was also adopted. Its latest version, which defines the principles and approaches to ensuring national security, was adopted 23 years ago, in 1995.

International relations are also developing - over 15 contracts and roadmaps for the development of military-technical cooperation have been signed, the Uzbek military has actively begun to take part in both international and image events.

Even the very closed Ministry of Defense of Uzbekistan launched a website last year and began to actively participate in public life— the military held several patriotic holidays and demonstrations of equipment to the civilian population.

All these factors allowed Uzbekistan to rise to 39th place in the ranking of military power. Taking into account the development of reforms and planned deliveries new technology to the troops, the current figure is by no means the limit.


There is an amazing monument in Tashkent. In the center of the sculptural composition stands an elderly Uzbek man, a woman sits next to him, and they are surrounded by numerous children. The man looks at them with tenderness and great seriousness - with his arms outstretched and as if hugging the entire large family. This is Shaakhmed Shamakhmudov, who is revered by all of Uzbekistan. During the Great Patriotic War he and his wife adopted and raised 15 (!) Soviet children of various nationalities, becoming truly their mother and father.


“We don’t have our own, let’s educate strangers”

The Shamakhmudov couple did not have their own children. Shaakhmed, a blacksmith at the Tashkent artel named after Kalinin, was much older than his wife Bahri. In 1941, he was already over fifty, and she was 38.

At that time, the Central Asian union republics began to accept children evacuated from Soviet cities besieged by the Germans. These were orphans whose parents were killed by the Nazis, and children whose mothers and fathers went to the front. Most of these children ended up in Uzbekistan: orphanages in this republic opened their doors to 200 thousand Soviet children.

Some Uzbek families have begun to take children from orphanages for adoption. The Shamakhmudovs thought and decided: why don’t we become adoptive parents? God didn’t give us our own, so we’ll educate strangers. Within a few years, children’s laughter and the patter of little feet could be heard in the Shamakhmudovs’ house: the couple adopted 15 children, and the family itself became international.


Uzbek mom and dad became family to Russians, Belarusians, Moldovans, Jews, Kazakhs, Latvians, Germans, and Tatars. For example, in 1943, they took four people from the orphanage - Belarusian Raya, Tatar Malika, Russian boy Volodya and a two-year-old baby, whose name and nationality no one even knew. Shaakhmed and Bahri named the baby Nogmat, which translates from their language as “gift.”

In Uzbek traditions

The Shamakhmudovs lived poorly, but amicably. Love and respect for elders reigned in the family. From an early age, children were taught to work, independence and mutual assistance. All the children were raised by their adoptive parents in Uzbek traditions, and Tashkent became their second home.


The authorities awarded the couple the Order of the Badge of Honor, and Bahri-opa received the honorary title “Mother Heroine.” Writer Rakhmat Faizi described the story of the Shamakhmudovs in his novel “His Majesty the Man,” and in the 1960s a touching and poignant feature film “You are not an orphan” was made about them. There is even a street named after the head of this international family in Tashkent.


The fates of the Shamakhmudov children developed differently. Someone stayed to live in Tashkent. After the war, four children were found and taken home by relatives, however, when they left, they remembered their adopted mother and father with gratitude all their lives. And the Uzbek Muazzam and the Belarusian Mikhail, who were taken in by the Shamakhmudovs to be raised, subsequently fell in love with each other. They got married and created their own international family.



While waiting for her grandson, she lived to be 104 years old.

The story of his adopted son Fyodor, about whom an Uzbek newspaper wrote in 1986, is especially touching.
Ukrainian Fedya Kulchikovsky was the eighth adopted child of the Shamakhmudovs.

The boy was born shortly before the war in the family of a Donbass miner; his mother’s name was Oksana. The woman’s grandmother, Daria Alekseevna, took delivery of the woman. The baby had a red mole on his chest, and the elderly woman remembered this “identification mark” for the rest of her life.

When Fedya was not even two years old, Oksana died of smallpox, and in the summer of 1941 the boy’s father also died. The baby was raised by Daria Alekseevna.

Before the German occupation, the grandmother was strongly advised to send her grandson to Central Asia. At first she didn’t want to let him go, but the village council said: “If the Germans come to the village, your grandson will probably be taken to Germany.” The grandmother cried and agreed to be evacuated. And all subsequent years I believed that someday he would return.

Five-year-old Fedya ended up in a Tashkent orphanage, where he soon became friends with a Ukrainian boy, Sasha. One day an elderly Uzbek came to the shelter and took Sasha away. Fedya was having a hard time being separated from his friend. Sasha, as it turned out, did too. Because a week later the same man returned to the orphanage and told Feda that he was taking him too. “Sasha is sad without you,” the Uzbek explained briefly. This is how Fedya ended up in the Shamakhmudov family. His adoptive parents gave him the name Yuldash.


After finishing eight grades, Fedor-Yuldash remained to live in Uzbekistan, because he was taken from his grandmother when he was very young and he could not find any information about her. The young man entered the Tashkent Mining College. Having received his diploma, he went to work in Karaganda, where he soon got married, and after the earthquake in Uzbekistan he returned to his “native” Tashkent - this time with his wife. The couple had three children.

One day Yuldash received a call and was told that his Ukrainian grandmother had been found. This came as a shock to him, because 45 years had already passed since their separation, and the man had no idea that she was still alive. He immediately left for Ukraine.

As it turned out, a journalist from a Ukrainian newspaper helped Daria Alekseevna find her grandson. He wrote to the regional committee of the Komsomol of Bukhara, after which the information was passed on to schoolchildren from the Uzbek club “Search”. The children saw a similar surname in a newspaper article - so they found their grandson.

It turned out that in the orphanage two letters were mixed up, and from Kulchanovsky Fedya turned into Kulchikovsky, and his patronymic was also changed - perhaps this is why Daria Alekseevna could not find him after the war.


When they met, the grandmother immediately recognized her grandson - by that same red mole. At that time she was already 104 years old. Perhaps it was the belief that the boy would be found that kept her in this world.

After the meeting, the grandson visited his grandmother several times, but did not have a chance to communicate for long: a year and a half later she died.


Soon after the death of Daria Alekseevna, Fyodor’s adoptive mother also died. Both women before last days We really regretted that they didn’t get to meet each other.

Olga-Kholida

Timonina Olga from Moldova, who was given the name Kholida by her new parents, was the most youngest child in this international family. Having become an adult, she remained to live in Uzbekistan.


Last year she celebrated her 84th birthday and lives in the Tashkent district of Jar-Aryk. Kholida knows Uzbek perfectly and all her life she thanks God, her adoptive parents and the Uzbek land for everything she has.


Shaakhmed Shamakhmudov died much earlier than his wife, in 1970, having reached his ninth decade. Death overtook him while working in the garden, because until his last days he did not stop working.

God did not give children to some, while others were forced to abandon them themselves. For example, in the first years of the formation of the USSR they worked

Sides:

Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Russia

Roots of the conflict:

Central Asia is divided into two parts: 1) Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, belonging to the so-called Eurasian community; 2) Central Asia proper, which belongs to the Muslim East.
Kyrgyzstan is a country located at the junction of the borders of the Eurasian and Islamic worlds and China.

Unrest in the south of Kyrgyzstan in 2010 - interethnic clashes between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks that broke out on June 10-13, 2010 in the city of Osh.

Long-standing contradictions between the Uzbeks and the Kyrgyz have worsened as a result of the formation of a political vacuum caused by the coup d'etat.

The roots of the conflicts lie in pre-Islamic times - in the 1st millennium BC, when the Saka tribes living in the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan opposed the settled Iranian population of Central Asia; then came the confrontation between the World of Islam and the Eurasian nomadic Turks.

The Uzbek-Kyrgyz conflict began with the Osh events in June 1990 after the decision of local authorities to allocate plots of land for individual development to the Kyrgyz who moved from villages to cities with a predominantly Uzbek population (Osh, Jalal-Abad, Uzgen). The Fergana Valley is overpopulated even by Central Asian standards. But it would be wrong to explain everything only by economic and demographic factors.

Chronology of events:

In 1990, Osh was already the scene of interethnic violence.

Batken events:

Batken events - armed conflicts between the Islamic militants of Uzbekistan (IMU) and armed forces Kyrgyz Republic in 1999. They were caused by attempts by IMU militants to enter the territory of Uzbekistan from Tajikistan through the territory of Kyrgyzstan.

The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan is an Islamist organization created in 1996 by former members of a number of political parties and movements banned in Uzbekistan, including Adolat Uyushmasi (Justice Society), Islamic Renaissance Party, Islamic Party of Turkestan, Islam Lashkorlari "("Warriors of Islam"), etc. The IMU is considered a terrorist organization by many countries of the world, including Russia and the USA.

In August 1999, IMU troops (numbering almost 1,000 people) invaded the southern regions of Kyrgyzstan from the territory of Northern Tajikistan. In October of the same year, movement units left the territory of this republic.

In 2001, the American Manas airbase was located in Kyrgyzstan. The formation of the Akayev clan against the background of progressive poverty of the population brought the country to the brink of crisis. Then the Tulip Revolution occurred on March 24, 2005, ending the 15-year reign of Askar Akayev (1990-2005). The new president was the representative of the “poor south” Kurmanbek Bakiyev (2005-2010), who failed to stabilize the situation in the country.

Bakiyev was overthrown during another revolution on April 7, 2010. Power passed to a provisional government headed by the leader of the last revolution, Roza Otunbayeva. Clashes between supporters of the new and old authorities provoked an interethnic conflict between the Kyrgyz and Uzbeks in the south of the country, during which over 200 people died and hundreds of thousands of Uzbeks fled the country.

On June 27, 2010, a referendum was held in Kyrgyzstan, which confirmed the powers of Roza Otunbaeva as head of state for the transition period until 2011, and a new constitution was adopted, approving a parliamentary form of government in the country.

Interethnic conflict between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks (2010):

On April 4, 2010, a brawl broke out in Jalal-Abad between Kyrgyz supporters of Bakiyev and supporters of the leader of the Uzbek community, Kadyrzhan Batyrov. On the night of April 30 to May 1, 2010, a mass brawl occurred between Kyrgyz and Uzbek groups.

On May 13, Bakiyev’s supporters, according to a number of sources, seized the regional administration buildings in Osh, Jalal-Abad and Batken, appointed their own governors and declared their intention to overthrow the interim government by sending 25 thousand people to Bishkek.. The interim government accused Black Aibek of organizing resistance to the new government . On May 14, there were serious clashes in southern Kyrgyzstan, especially in Jalal-Abad, where Uzbeks Kadyrzhan Batyrov returned the administration building to the control of the provisional government. AKIpress estimates the number of victims of clashes in Jalalabad at 30 people.

On May 19, a rally was held in Jalal-Abad against the leader of the Uzbek diaspora, Kadyrzhan Batyrov, who was demanded to be held accountable for inciting ethnic hatred. The protesters accused his militants of burning houses belonging to the Bakiyev family, as well as using weapons on May 14. The former head of the Republic's Ministry of Emergency Situations, Kamchibek Tashiev, even set an ultimatum until June 7, after which he threatened to begin forming people's squads of no confidence in the Provisional Government. Batyrov disappeared, and on June 7 his rival Black Aibek was killed.
On May 26, in the Uzbek enclave of Sokh, a group of Uzbeks beat up Kyrgyz people. Tensions have arisen over a disputed pasture.

June 10 In the evening, in the gaming hall “24 hours” there is a quarrel between guys of Kyrgyz and Uzbek nationality. The fight breaks up.

Additional military forces of infantry fighting vehicles are being introduced into the city, and six military helicopters are patrolling the air. The hottest spots in the city are the village of Furkat and the Cheryomushki district (makhalla). Meanwhile, the first cases of looting were recorded in the city. The looters were all unemployed Kyrgyz who were brought to Osh from all possible places, promising to pay for participating in ethnic cleansing against the Uzbek population.

On June 11, riots began in the southern regional center of Osh. The next day they spread to the neighboring Jalal-Abad region. A state of emergency was declared in the conflict zone and a curfew was imposed. In the city of Osh, about 70% of city buildings were burned, and in Jalal-Abad, 20% of infrastructure facilities were damaged. According to the latest data, about 260 people became victims of the confrontation. The leadership of Kyrgyzstan previously stated that the bloodshed occurred due to the planned actions of certain political forces.

On June 12, ethnic cleansing against the Uzbek population spread to the Jalal-Abad region, in the city of Jalal-Abad the Kyrgyz-Uzbek University named after. K. Batyrova. The chairman of the interim government, Roza Otunbayeva, requested Russian assistance. The border with Uzbekistan is open for refugees. Partial mobilization began in Kyrgyzstan, and a state of emergency and curfew were introduced throughout the Jalal-Abad region. According to witnesses and doctors, cases of rape of young Uzbek girls and pregnant women were noted in the south of Kyrgyzstan.

June 13, the situation in Osh remains difficult, however official authorities say the wave of violence has subsided. The head of the Pakistani Foreign Ministry announced the death of one Pakistani student in Osh and the taking of 15 more hostages. More than 450 thousand people fled from Kyrgyzstan to neighboring Uzbekistan.

On June 14, reports appeared about the arrest of provocateurs, snipers and cars (Volkswagen Golf III and Daewoo) with weapons. Kyrgyz bandits and looters in uniform begin sweeping barricaded mahallas in search of the remaining Uzbeks.

Victims of the conflict:

According to official data, a total of 442 people were killed and more than 1,500 were injured during the conflict. According to unofficial data, about 800 people died in the first days of the unrest. On the evening of June 14, independent media reported a figure of more than 2,000 dead. The discrepancy in official and unofficial figures is explained by the fact that the authorities carefully hide the truth and the real scale of the killings as part of the ethnic cleansing of Uzbeks.

Russia's position in this conflict:

On June 11, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev, speaking to reporters at a meeting of SCO heads of state in Tashkent, said that the criterion for the deployment of CSTO forces is the violation by one state of the borders of another state that is part of this organization. In connection with the unrest in Kyrgyzstan, he said: “We are not talking about this yet, because all the problems of Kyrgyzstan are rooted internally. They are rooted in the weakness of the previous government, in their reluctance to deal with the needs of the people. I hope that all the problems that exist today will be resolved by the authorities of Kyrgyzstan. Russian Federation will help".

The head of the Provisional Government of Kyrgyzstan, Roza Otunbaeva, said on June 12: “We need the introduction of military forces from other countries. We turned to Russia for help. I have already signed such a letter addressed to Russian President Dmitry Medvedev.”

On June 13, a reinforced battalion of the 31st Airborne Assault Brigade was delivered to the Russian Kant airbase in Kyrgyzstan to ensure the safety of Russian military personnel and members of their families.
June 14 in Moscow on behalf of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev held emergency consultations with the secretaries of the CSTO Collective Security Council on the situation in Kyrgyzstan, at which the possibility of sending peacekeeping forces to Kyrgyzstan was discussed. Secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Committee of Secretaries of the Security Councils of the CSTO countries Nikolai Patrushev said that the participants “did not rule out the use of any means that the CSTO has in its potential and the use of which is possible depending on the development of the situation in Kyrgyzstan.” Russian planes with humanitarian aid were sent to Osh.

In June 2010, in connection with the situation in Kyrgyzstan associated with the confrontation between the Kyrgyz and Uzbek diasporas, which actually led Kyrgyzstan to the state civil war, the Committee of Security Council Secretaries was urgently convened. The KSSF was convened to resolve the issue of military assistance to Kyrgyzstan, which consisted in the introduction of CRRF units into the country. The President of the Russian Federation also addressed this request to the President of the Russian Federation Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev transition period Kyrgyzstan Roza Otunbaeva. It should be noted that the President of Kyrgyzstan Kurmanbek Bakiev previously made a similar call.

Then, after the CSTO refused to assist in resolving the situation in a CSTO member state, the President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko sharply criticized this organization. Meanwhile, the CSTO helped Kyrgyzstan: organized the search for the organizers of the riots and coordinated cooperation to suppress the activities of terrorist groups that actually influenced the situation from Afghanistan, the fight against the drug mafia operating in the south of Kyrgyzstan, control of all information sources working in the south of the country. Some experts believe that the CSTO did the right thing in not sending CRRF forces to Kyrgyzstan, as this would have further aggravated the interethnic situation in the country.

Blog workshop of the Department of Political Sciences and international relations, Faculty of Philosophy, TNU named after. V. I. Vernadsky