: “Eternal values” in the lyrics of poets of the early 20th century. The Great Patriotic War in the lyrics of the 20th century Questions about the report

What lines from poems would you suggest as an epigraph totopic “Motives of the past in the lyrics of poets of the 20th century”?

This topic is often offered as an epigraph and the title of the poems just read: “Shadows of the past”, “Antiquity”, “Ancient Memory”, but also individual lines that are taken from the poems read: “The years have passed, years, years..."; “The glory of the dilapidated memory has disappeared forever...”

Each of these epigraphs will make you look differently at both the topic itself and the poems collected in the textbook. You can always expand the selection by adding poems.

What is the scale of understanding of the past by the poets of the Silver Age?

Russian poets of the early 20th century - poets of the Silver Age - often turned sadly to the past. At the same time, they were clearly aware of the connection between each passing moment and today. Time is counted both for centuries and for moments, but the inextricability of this connection is always felt.

Which of the Silver Age poems made the strongest impression on you? Learn this poem by heart and write a written review about it.

Usually they choose poems with a heroic sound. Thus, in first place is M. Tsvetaeva’s poem “To the Generals of the Twelfth Year.” The intense rhythm of this romantic appeal to the heroes of the past often evokes an emotional response in eighth graders. When creating a written review about him, they usually note the brightness of the reproduction of the heroes of the past. Material from the site

A written review of this poem usually includes many quotes that help to perceive the appearance of the young generals, whose life was so short and so heroic. Their spurs and voices ring, they are “kings on every battlefield and at the ball.”

They are not just generals, but “generals of their destiny,” young men who are capable of subjugating victory and at the same time forgetting about death. Brief and heroic is their age! They knew how to move even into oblivion cheerfully! This is exactly what the students who chose this poem write about in their reviews.

Report 7th grade.

In difficult times for Russia, during a period of political change, in difficult social and living conditions, Russian poets turn to genuine spiritual values in their artistic works, write about morality, morality, mercy and compassion.

For example, a landscape poem by I.A. Bunin's "Evening" belongs to philosophical lyrics. The lyrical work is written in the form of a sonnet. The lyrical hero reflects on happiness:

We always only remember about happiness, But happiness is everywhere. Maybe it’s this autumn garden behind the barn And the clean air flowing through the window.

The final line of the poem, in depth and volume, is related in meaning to biblical wisdom: “The Kingdom of God is within you”:

I see, I hear, I am happy. Everything is in me.

A person is only truly happy when he feels his connection, his kinship with everything living on earth, with the entire Universe, with all of nature.

And in the poem by A.A. Blok “Night, street, lantern, pharmacy” (1912) lyrical hero lost the highest spiritual values. The poem is dedicated to a “terrible world.” The lyrical hero is a man who has lost his soul, who has forgotten about love, compassion, and mercy. The ring composition of the work reveals its problematics: the meaninglessness and dullness of existence, the impossibility of finding a way out of the current situation:

Night, street, lantern, pharmacy, senseless and dim light. Live for at least another quarter of a century - Everything will be like this. There is no outcome.

Where can a person find spiritual values? According to the same A. Blok, in merging with the Motherland. For A. Blok, homeland is a multifaceted concept. In the cycle “On the Kulikovo Field” (1919), the poet writes about the historical past of Rus'. Back in 1908, A. Blok wrote to K.S. Stanislavsky: “In this form my theme stands before me, the theme of Russia... I consciously and irrevocably devote my life to this theme. I realize more and more clearly that this is the primary question, the most vital, the most real... It is not without reason, perhaps only outwardly naive, outwardly incoherent, that I pronounce the name: Russia. After all, here is life or death, happiness or destruction.” The cycle “On the Kulikovo Field” consists of five poems. In a note to the cycle, Blok wrote: “The Battle of Kulikovo belongs... to the symbolic events of Russian history. Such events are destined to return. The solution to them is yet to come.” The lyrical hero of the cycle feels like a contemporary of two eras. The first poem of the cycle plays the role of a prologue and introduces the theme of Russia:

O my Rus'! My wife! The long way is painfully clear to us!..

In the vast expanses of Rus' there is an “eternal battle”, “the steppe mare flies, flies.” In the third poem, a symbolic image of the Mother of God appears as the embodiment of a bright, pure ideal, which helps to withstand difficult trials:

And when, the next morning, the horde moved like a black cloud,

Your face, not made by hands, was in the shield, shining forever.

The final poem of the cycle finally clarifies its general intention: the poet turns to the past in order to find correspondences to the present. According to Blok, the time for “return” is coming, decisive events are coming, which in their intensity and scope are not inferior to the Battle of Kulikovo. The cycle ends with lines written in classic iambic tetrameter, which express the lyrical hero’s aspiration to the future:

The heart cannot live in peace, No wonder the clouds have gathered.

The armor is heavy, as before a battle.

Now your time has come. - Pray!

And V.V. Mayakovsky in the poem “ Good attitude to horses" reflects on vices modern society, shortcomings of people. Like many of the poet’s works, this poem has a plot: people, having seen a fallen horse, continue to go about their business; compassion and a merciful attitude towards a defenseless creature have disappeared. And only the lyrical hero felt “some kind of general animal melancholy”:

“Horse, don’t.

Horse, listen-

Why do you think that you are worse than them?...

The famous phrase from a poetic work: “...we are all a little bit of a horse” has become a phraseological unit. There comes a time in every person’s life when he needs sympathy, compassion, and support. The poem reveals spiritual values, teaches kindness, mercy, and humanity. The atmosphere of tragic loneliness is created by various poetic techniques. The most common among them is the technique of sound recording (the description of an object is conveyed through its sound). In this poem, the selected combination of sounds conveys the voices of the street: “huddled together, laughter rang and tinkled,” - the sound of horse hooves:

Hooves struck.

They sang as if: Mushroom. Rob. Coffin. Rough

The poet uses an unconventional combination of words to convey the depicted conflict: “the street overturned,” “Kuznetsky laughed,” “the street slid.” The special rhyme of the poetic poem also helps to escalate the painful atmosphere of loneliness of a living creature - a horse in a crowd of onlookers:

Horse on croup

Crashed

Behind the onlooker there is an onlooker,

The pants that Kuznetsky came to flare

Huddled together

Laughter rang and tinkled:

The horse has fallen!

The horse has fallen! -

V.V. Mayakovsky uses various artistic and expressive means in the poem, which create a special atmosphere and make the poetic picture depicted more vivid and expressive.

For example, the metaphor “shod with ice” conveys the perception of a horse: it is the street that glides, not the horse. The inversion of “the trousers that Kuznetsky came to have bell-bottoms” reveals the place and time of the poem: the shopping arcades of the Kuznetsky Most, it was especially fashionable at that time to wear bell-bottomed trousers.

The incident described by the writer leaves a painful impression on the reader, but the ending of the poem is optimistic, since in the image of the lyrical hero the horse found an empathetic person:

Maybe old -

and didn't need a nanny,

maybe my thought seemed to go with her,

rushed

got to her feet,

The ending of the poem is symbolic: the horse remembers childhood - the most carefree time of life, when everyone dreams of a happy future and hopes for a better life:

And everything seemed to her - She was a foal, And it was worth living, And it was worth working.

In the poetry of S.A. Yesenin’s lyrical hero acquires “eternal values” also in merging with nature. The theme of nature is connected in Yesenin’s poetry with the personification of living beings. For example, in the poem “Song of a Dog” (1915), “seven red puppies” were taken away from a mother dog. Yesenin combines pure naturalism (“the bitch has pupped”, “combing her tongue”, “licking sweat from the sides”) with deep lyricism (“the snow was flowing softly”, “for a long, long time the unfrozen surface of the water trembled”, “it looked loudly into the blue heights” , “the month slid thin”, “golden stars into the snow”). The poem has a plot: a man (“gloomy owner”), regardless of the dog’s feelings, drowned her puppies. The poet conveys the true grief of the animal:

And when she trudged back a little, licking the sweat from her sides, the month above the hut seemed to her like one of her puppies.

The last quatrain is an oxymoron, with the help of which the impossibility of existence in the same world of a cruel person and a mother dog, deliberately deprived of her own children, is described:

And dully, as if from a handout, When they throw a stone at her laughter, The dog's eyes rolled like golden stars into the snow.

Thus, poets of the early 20th century, like many Russian people, are busy searching for “eternal values” that can be found in merging with the Motherland, nature, independently developing the best spiritual qualities in themselves: mercy, compassion, kindness.

Questions about the report:

1) Which of the Russian poets of the early 20th century refers to “eternal values”?

2) What happens to a person, according to A. Blok, when he loses moral concepts? (See the analysis of A. Blok’s poem “Night, street, lantern, pharmacy...”)

3) How does V. Mayakovsky reveal the theme of mercy in the poem “Good attitude towards horses”?

4) What is S.A.’s poem about? Yesenin's "Song of the Dog"?

A. A. Akhmatova. "Oath". "Courage". A. A. Prokofiev. "Moscow". K. M. Simonov. “Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region...” A. T. Tvardovsky. "The Tankman's Tale." Yu. V. Drunina. "Zinka." M. A. Dudin. “There is dirt and nonsense here,

and lice in the trenches..." A. A. Surkov. “The fire is beating in a small stove...” M. V. Isakovsky. "Spark." B. Sh. Okudzhava. "Goodbye boys." E. M. Vinokurov. “In the fields beyond the sleepy Vistula...” V. S. Vysotsky. "Penal battalions".

L. M. Leonov. "Golden Carriage".

Topic 8

Motives of the past in the lyrics of poets of the 20th century.

V. Ya. Bryusov. "Shadows of the past." 3. N. Gippius. "December 14th". N. S. Gumilyov. “Old Time”. "Proto-memory." M. A. Kuzmin. "Summer garden". M. I. Tsvetaeva. "Houses of Old Moscow." "To the generals of the twelfth year." E. A. Yevtushenko. "When the bells ring." V. S. Vysotsky. “Buried in our memory for centuries...”

Topic 9

Results

Time on the pages of historical works.

Class (108 hours)

Introduction

Literature as the art of words

The place of fiction in public life and Russian culture. National values and traditions. The national identity of Russian literature, its humanism, civic and patriotic pathos.

Topic 1

Old Russian literature

Wealth of literary genres Ancient Rus'. Chronicles as a source of narration. "The Tale of Igor's Campaign."

Topic 2

18th century literature

Ideological and artistic originality of literature of the Enlightenment. Classicism and its features. M.V. Lomonosov. “Ode on the day of the accession to the All-Russian throne of Her Majesty the Empress Elisaveta Petrovna.” "An Evening Reflection on God's Majesty on the Occasion of the Northern Lights." G.R. Derzhavin. Ode “To Felitsa”, “Lords and Judges”, “Monument”. DI. Fonvizin. "Undergrown." N.M. Karamzin. "Poor Lisa."

Topic 3

19th century literature

Man in his connection with national history. Interaction of cultures. The Golden Age of Russian Poetry. V.A. Zhukovsky, K.N. Batyushkov, A.S. Pushkin, A.V. Koltsov. Romanticism in Russian literature. Zhukovsky. "Svetlana". A.S. Griboyedov. "Woe from Wit." A.S. Pushkin. "To Chaadaev." "To sea". "Keep me safe, my talisman." "Burnt Letter" "Poet". "Autumn". “I have erected a monument to myself not made by hands.” "Eugene Onegin". M.Yu. Lermontov. "Angel". "The terrible fate of father and son." "Poet". “No, I’m not Byron, I’m different.” "Monologue". "Thought". "Beggar". "Hero of our time". N.V. Gogol. "Dead Souls". I.S. Turgenev. "First love". F.I. Tyutchev. “How sweetly the dark green garden slumbers.” "Day and night". “I’m still languishing in sadness.” "She was sitting on the floor." A.A. Fet. "Wonderful picture." “I’m going into the distance.” “I was again in your garden.” "Village". ON THE. Nekrasov. “Yesterday, around six o’clock.” L.N. Tolstoy. "Youth". A.P. Chekhov. "Man in a Case."

Topic 4

Russian literature of the 20th century

Russian literature of the 20th century: a wealth of searches and directions. The birth of new genres and styles. The theme of the Motherland and its fate. I.A. Bunin. "The Life of Arsenyev." M. Gorky. "My Universities" A.A. Block. "Russia". “The girl sang in the church choir.” S. Yesenin. “The golden grove dissuaded me.” "I left my home." V.V. Mayakovsky. “Listen!” "The ones who sat down for a long time." A.A. Akhmatova. "The Gray-Eyed King." "Song of the Last Meeting" M.A. Bulgakov. "Dead Souls". " dog's heart" M.A. Sholokhov. "The Fate of Man." A.T. Tvardovsky. "Vasily Terkin".

Topic 5

Russian literature of the 60-90s of the 20th century

Works of various movements of writers of the late 20th century. The wealth of genres that reflected the Second World War in fiction. V.P. Astafiev. "Tsar Fish". V.G. Rasputin. "Money for Maria." A.V. Vampilov. "Eldest son." A.I. Solzhenitsyn. "Matryonin's yard" "What a pity". V.M. Shukshin. "Vanka Teplyashin."

This section is often offered as an epigraph and the title of the poems just read: “Shadows of the past”, “Antiquity”, “Ancient Memory”, but also individual lines that are taken from the poems read: “Years, years, years have passed...”; “The glory of the decayed memory has disappeared forever...”

Each of these epigraphs will make you look differently at both the topic itself and the poems collected in the textbook. You can always expand the selection by adding poems.

What is the scale of comprehension of the past by the silver poets?

Russian poets of the early 20th century - poets of the Silver Age - often turned sadly to the past. At the same time, they were clearly aware of the connection between each passing moment and today. Time is counted for centuries and for moments, but the inextricability of this connection is always felt.

Which of the poems included in the section made the strongest impression on you? Learn this poem by heart and write a written review about it.

Usually, heroic-sounding poems are chosen. So, in the first place is M. Tsvetaeva’s poem “To the Generals of the Twelfth Year.”

The intense rhythm of this romantic evocation of past heroes often evokes an emotional response in eighth graders. When creating a written review about him, they usually note the brightness of the reproduction of the heroes of the past.

All about car tuning

: “Eternal values” in the lyrics of poets of the early 20th century. The Great Patriotic War in the lyrics of the 20th century Questions about the report

Other works on this topic:

All about car tuning

﻿: “Eternal values” in the lyrics of poets of the early 20th century. The Great Patriotic War in the lyrics of the 20th century Questions about the report

Other works on this topic:

: “Eternal values” in the lyrics of poets of the early 20th century. The Great Patriotic War in the lyrics of the 20th century Questions about the report