The best programs for designing houses and rooms. Also programs for arranging furniture and creating interior design. Your own architect: how to design a house yourself? Project with a terrace

Individual construction is a long and very complex process, but it is practically impossible without a high-quality and competently drawn up project. Since most people who plan to become owners of private housing build it themselves, they also try to do without the help of specialists and develop plans and projects with their own hands. As statistics have shown, in most cases they are incorrect, and the commission simply does not accept them. In order for you not to encounter a similar situation in the future, you need to know how to make a house project with your own hands correctly, and what you should pay special attention to during its creation.

First stage

First of all, you need to have a clear idea of what kind of home you plan to have at the end of construction. If you have never encountered such work before, then try to study as much literature as possible about the creation and construction of private houses. Arm yourself with a notepad and pencil, because in order to create a project for your own house, you will definitely need to draw it. If you cannot decide on the model and shape of the future structure, then look through the pictures of finished houses; it is possible that among them you will find exactly the one you like, adding or removing some of its constituent elements. If you don’t like to draw and know how to use computer programs, then today you can create a project for your future housing with their help.

Once you decide on the appearance of your building, you need to develop a plan. This is the main part of your project.

First floor and base of the house

Start by calculating the dimensions of your future home. To do this, you need to take into account the territory of your existing plot. The next thing you should pay attention to is the main building materials that will be used for load-bearing structures. The fact is that the foundation or foundation you use will depend on their weight in the future.

The main rooms that are located on the first floor of any building are:

An entrance room that can be combined with an additional room, such as a storage room.
Kitchen, you may want it to have additional access to the summer veranda.
Central room or living room.
Depending on your personal needs, there may be more than one bedroom.
A sanitary room, which can be combined or separated.

After you decide on the number and shape of your future rooms, you should correctly calculate their sizes. All calculations must be made based on the area that you previously allocated for development.

When drawing drawings, do not forget that depending on the building materials you use, the thickness of the walls, which will act as partitions, will vary.

If you are planning to build a multi-storey building, then you can prepare a plan for the upper premises only after the design of the first floor is finally ready, since this is the main one.

Foundation for a future building

In order to decide which foundation you will use, you need not only to make a lot of calculations, but also to study the soil available on your site, as well as the depth of groundwater flow. After you have studied all the characteristics of your site, you will need to choose what kind of foundation you will use. Then make all the necessary calculations.

The base of the house should be slightly wider than your building, so when calculating the area of the house, try to take this into account.

Once you are done with the basic calculations, you should prepare a step-by-step estimate of the materials used for construction, and this is:

load-bearing structures and internal partitions;
ceiling, which is simply necessary when constructing a multi-story building;
calculation of the roof and materials used for it.

Next, you will need to prepare several sketches of the façade of the building from all sides. This is necessary not only for the special services to which you will send the project, but also for you, since with their help you will be able to fully imagine the entire structure.

Upon completion of the main project, you will also need to prepare several additional plans, which include:

wiring diagram of electrical systems,
sewerage equipment and its connection to the main building,
water supply system,
installation of heating devices based on the area of your living space.

It is worth noting that here, in addition to drawings, you will need estimates for the materials used. Only after all the calculations have been completed will you need to agree on the project, after which you can confidently begin construction.

Video

What should be considered when creating a house project can be found in the following video:

Many people have been dreaming of their own country house for years. And when they finally acquire a plot of land, not everyone is ready to invest money in the work of invited architects, wanting to do everything themselves. So, how to make a house project yourself? What will it take?

First of all, it is worth assessing your own strengths, because designing an entire house is a serious task that requires certain skills and knowledge. Of course, it is possible to plan everything yourself, assess the geological features of the site, plan all communications, draw up a construction plan.

Where to begin?

If, after assessing all possible risks, you still don’t want to buy a ready-made project, and you have engineering knowledge and have not forgotten it, you can start drawing up a plan. How to make a house project yourself? Starting with geological exploration of the acquired site. This is a necessary and inevitable stage, because to construct a building you need to know both the properties of the soil and the height of the existing groundwater. The layout of underground structures (most often a basement) and foundation depends on this information. Geological exploration work is carried out in early spring or late autumn, when groundwater rises closest to the surface. Now you need to plan the site, outline what buildings will be, and where it is best to locate them.

Basement layout

Having explored the soil of the site, you can decide whether it is possible to make a basement in the house and whether it will not be constantly flooded. The fact is that if the groundwater is too high, the cost of construction immediately skyrockets by thirty percent, or even more. If such expenses are possible, you can start planning. If not, experts recommend not to perform magic on the basement, but to build an additional building on the site that will serve as a storage facility.

Next stage: foundation

When figuring out how to make a house project with your own hands, you should pay special attention to designing the foundation, because this is the basis and support of any house. Having determined for yourself the approximate appearance of the future structure, the height and type of the foundation are marked. The material is selected for them. Now you can design the building. By the way, if you plan to build an underground garage (and this is a very expensive undertaking), then of all the possible types of foundations, a full-profile strip foundation is best suited.

Communications

When designing a house, one should not forget about household amenities. What is required to bring electricity into the building (this is usually the most expensive item of expenditure), is it possible to connect to water supply and sewerage or will you have to buy and install separate systems. All these details play a huge role for normal future life in the house.

Main building project

Perhaps the most effective and economical are fairly simple projects. It all comes down to cost here. The more unevenness the walls of the house have, the more you will have to spend during construction. The simpler the roof, the more durable and reliable it is. A large number of joints, bends, and artistic details increase the risk of future leaks and are more expensive.

To save energy, experts advise placing all non-residential rooms, that is, the kitchen, storage rooms, and bathrooms, in the northern half of the building (less sunlight will fall there), but moving residential rooms to all other directions, because this way they will be much warmer and brighter. You need to pay attention to the size of the windows, where they will be located, and what materials will have to be used for thermal insulation.

When planning a children's room, you should leave a significant space for games and create a whole world of your own for your baby. It is best to draw several sketches to take into account all the details. After all, redevelopment of already built housing is a troublesome and expensive task. It is advisable to discuss the project with all family members, form a common opinion, and consider all proposals.

Materials are one of the main expense items

Depending on the chosen architectural solution, the most suitable material options for building a house are selected. When figuring out how to make a house project, we must not forget that all such expenses must be spelled out in it. Well, when choosing materials, you should focus not only on cheapness, but also on their environmental friendliness, durability, safety, as well as possible features in working with them.

So, the cheapest, but not the best options for building walls are sandwich panels or foam blocks.
The most durable and at the same time beautiful, but more expensive - monolith And brick. Monolith, by the way, is a universal material from which you can build anything. Unfortunately, the cost of such buildings skyrockets.
They remain the most environmentally friendly to this day. log And timber.

The same situation is with materials for building a roof. The most environmentally friendly, durable material, almost timeless, is considered natural tiles. If this option is not affordable, you can turn to a cheaper one slate or metal tiles.

There are several free programs for designing houses. But most of all, expensive and complex analogues are known. Have you ever tried to work in? The description of the capabilities of this program alone takes up more than 1000 sheets of printed text. It is very difficult to master such a program without special courses. You will have to learn a number of specialized terms. It is advisable to use such programs only in design institutes.

But still, every person who begins construction or redevelopment of their own home has to face the problem of visualizing existing ideas. If you have the zeal and at least some computer skills, then you can easily solve this problem by using special, simpler house design programs (many of which are free or shareware).

Google SketchUp is software designed for modeling simple three-dimensional objects (furniture, buildings, interiors). It has a huge number of advantages that make working with it simpler and more convenient.

Working window of one of the most popular programs for designing houses Google SketchUp

The main feature of the program can be considered the almost complete absence of windows with preliminary settings. That is, each geometric characteristic is set using the keyboard in the Value Control Box (parameter control field), located in the lower right corner of the work area, next to the Measurements inscription.

Another important feature is the presence of the Push/Pull tool, thanks to which any plane can be “pushed” to the side, thereby creating additional side walls as it moves. Using the special Follow Me tool, the plane can be moved along a previously defined curve.

You can watch the basics of designing and planning a house in Google SketchUp in this video

In addition, such programs for designing houses have a number of the following functions:

The ability to prepare macros in Ruby and then display them from the menu. Macros allow you to automate actions that have to be repeated. The function of using many other macros developed by other users of the program is also available here.
Support for various plugins for visualization, export and creation of physical objects (movement, rotation, interaction of created objects with each other, etc.)
Tools that let you view cross-sectional models and add callouts to models that contain drawing-style visible dimension symbols.
Support for creating model elements that can be used and edited an unlimited number of times (changes created in the element used will be reflected in all places where it is used).
Ability to work with layers.
Possibility of preparing sections of objects.
A library of models, workspace styles and materials that can later be uploaded to the Internet or supplemented with your own elements.
The ability to use scenes that include camera position and rendering mode, as well as the ability to animate transitions from one scene to another.
The ability to create various dynamic objects (for example, opening a cabinet door by clicking a pointer).
The ability to create models of real existing buildings or objects:
Indication of available physical dimensions (in inches or meters),
The ability to set geographically correct shadows in full accordance with the specified longitude, latitude, time of year and day,
Possibility of viewing the model from the “first person”,
Possibility of integration with Google Earth,
The ability to add the earth's surface to the model being used and adjust its shape.

Envisioneer Express

Envisioneer Express is software designed for developing three-dimensional models of houses and apartments. With this application, you can first prepare a 2D building plan, including walls, windows, doors, roof and stairs, and then convert it into a high-quality 3D model. Then, once the 3D rendering is complete, the house can be viewed from different heights and angles, and the viewing mode can be changed from a transparent frame to a photorealistic view. In addition to the “construction” of walls, it is possible to arrange various elements of the interior design of the room.

Envisioneer Express work window

It is also possible to change the appearance of the building materials used. If desired, the finished house project can be saved in the program’s “native” format, which can later be opened with some other 3D design applications.

Home Plan Pro

Home Plan Pro is another great tool to help with . Its base includes a very impressive number of windows, doors, various accessories, etc. If necessary, the finished project can be printed and sent by fax or e-mail (for which the built-in functions of the program are used). The program supports multi-layering, various metric systems, and a huge number of standard figures. The finished plan can be saved in various formats.

The Home Plan Pro program has a fairly large set of working windows and functions

CyberMotion 3D-Designer 13.0

CyberMotion 3D-Designer 13.0 is a program designed for professional modeling, rendering 3D models and creating animation. The peculiarity of this program lies in the huge number of various tips and templates, with the help of which even a beginner can model a room and arrange furniture in it. Three-dimensional images are prepared using drawings. After creating three drawings (top, front and side views), you can get a finished three-dimensional object.

Cyber Motion 3D Designer has a lot of tips and templates, which will especially help beginners

The user-friendly user interface of the CyberMotion 3D-Designer program and a huge number of tools help you work not only with modeling apartments, but also with modeling any other objects and high-quality animation.

House-3D

House-3D is one of the free programs for designing houses, apartments and interiors. This program is used to create three-dimensional visualizations of interiors and houses, furniture design, house modeling, interior design, as well as three-dimensional design of all kinds of details. The scope of the program and its functionality is constantly expanding.

FloorPlan 3D

FloorPlan 3D is one of the most reliable and convenient tools for home redevelopment, apartment design, and office renovation. Excellent graphics and easy-to-use tools provide great design opportunities in an interactive 3D environment.

How to make a house project on a computer - both beginners and those who have already tested their strength in DIY construction more than once face this problem. , which can be implemented in the future, must be carried out in accordance with all the features and requirements imposed not only on the future structure, but also on the external conditions of construction.

An example of a project and layout of a cottage created on a computer

You can create a house project on a computer using a specially developed program.

Using this program, you can create designs for each floor of your future home. In addition to everything mentioned earlier, this application will help you design not only your house, but also any other structures and buildings. An additional advantage of this type of program is that it is the most convenient and close to professional ones. All the nuances of construction work are taken into account here.

Even the illumination of the premises will change in accordance with what date was chosen and the geographical location of the given object being designed. Those who have not previously encountered such programs will have to suffer in order to understand exactly how such a system works.

House layout created in ArchiCAD program

This is due to the fact that there is a fairly large number of different tabs and, accordingly, functions that this application can perform. The working area is located in the center of the screen, and therefore you can view the created plan quite closely and in detail, and adjust it in additional windows (top, side views, etc.).

At the top left are the main functions that allow you to edit objects as a whole or some individual elements. On the right there is a command line where you can see what commands and manipulations have been performed on the project. Depending on whether they meet your requirements, you can edit or delete certain edits.

Designing a house in ArchiCAD

ArchiCAD allows you to create quite complex projects from the very beginning, while there is a fairly large amount of data and provisions to speed up the process and.

Creating a Project

Having launched this program, it is best to start with designing the basement floor. In the window that opens, you will first need to pay attention to the panel on the left. Here are a variety of tools for work, including elements of each house. For example it could be:

Door;
Window;
Wall;
Columns;
Ladder;
Roof, etc.

In order to draw up a project for the basement floor, you need to select the appropriate section and on the left of the panel that has already been described, select the “Wall” tab. In the window that appears, you need to find the materials with which this design will be made.

You can choose, for example, a stone. In this window, be sure to check the box next to “Select for all.” Next, using the mouse, you will need to draw a rough plan of the basement floor. To do this, left-click and move the cursor in one direction or another.

Usually this is a square or rectangular perimeter of the floor. You can first draw a plan for each floor in accordance with the dimensions that the future house will have. Having outlined the perimeter, you can immediately see the view of the basement floor in 3D resolution. The quality of the resulting image is quite high, so you can independently enlarge the image to the maximum and examine each brick.

Further guidance

If you are satisfied with everything in the resulting project, you can proceed to creating the ceiling. To do this, you again need to find the “Overlap” tab on the left and click on it with the left mouse button. In the window that opens, you will also need to select a material; it is best to use reinforced concrete. And of course, do not forget that you need to select the “overlap thickness” parameter.

The covering of the 2nd floor is also selected here. You can choose, for example, parquet, and in accordance with your requirements, its color, for example, green, is selected in accordance with the design of the future room. Next, you begin to draw the perimeter of the floor in the same way as was done at the previous stage, when you outlined the perimeter of the 1st floor. In this case, you need to enter with the mouse along the wall itself, preferably in its center.

Installing stairs in a house project

In order to make the next floor, you need to select the “1st floor” tab and after that, just like you acted in the first case, you need to go to the left panel, find the “Wall” parameter and select certain dimensions for it.

So, you can choose the material not stone, but white brick, choose the wall thickness, for example, 400 mm, height - 3000 mm. Don’t forget also that you need to indicate the dimensions of the brick itself.

In this case, white brick will be only a facing material, and aerated concrete block will be the main building material. Having set all these values, you will need to draw again according to how the basement was created. The 3D model of this project shows that the basement and walls of the 1st floor coincide with each other and are on the same level. But you will need to make sure that the wall of the 1st floor extends slightly beyond the perimeter of the basement.

Everyone who plans to build their own home thinks about drawing up a project. It's nice to feel like an architect and try your hand at creating a visual plan for your future home. Well, there are programs for designing houses, and you can choose free versions.

SketchUp Make

This program is intended for creating relatively simple three-dimensional objects; it allows you not only to create a project for the house itself, but also to work with interior design and furniture arrangement. SketchUp Make belonged to Google, there is also a paid version of SketchUp Pro, but we will talk specifically about programs that can be used for free.

Users note that SketchUp is a simple program, has a built-in crack, and is designed for beginners in the field of 3D modeling.

In addition to creating and editing 3D projects, the program allows you to work with landscape design, interiors, engage in virtual archeology, that is, model disappeared buildings, and master engineering design. There is a lot of reference information, SketchUp has simple graphic tools such as eraser, brush and others, and can convert created projects into various graphic formats.

Another advantage of SketchUp is the ability to create statistics on the consumption of building materials. Structures are designed with millimeter precision. The program does not work with 2D drawings.

Another program for 3D modeling of buildings, which can be used for free. A detailed two-dimensional plan can be made, which is then converted into a three-dimensional model. The program allows you to work with interiors, it is quite simple, you can change the viewing modes of the finished project from a transparent frame to the location of the building among the landscape. The finished project can be easily printed and saved in various formats. Envisioneer Express is less popular than SketchUp, but overall has quite a wide range of functionality.

nanoCAD

This is a Russian development, there is a free version not for commercial use. nanoCAD has quite a wide potential - the program allows you to work with various drawings and even allows you to generate a complete package of documents that are included in a construction project. Files saved in nanoCAD are compatible with other applications from the AutoCAD category.

Home Plan Pro

Free program for creating a house plan that supports BMP, GIF, JPG formats. It has a fairly simple interface, can work with color palettes, different levels and layers, and is distinguished by a large number of ready-made structures, such as windows, doorways, and furniture. The finished house plan Home Plan Pro can be printed in several projections. Intended specifically for beginners, not professionals in the field of architecture.

A program with many functions that allow you to experiment with three-dimensional images of buildings, landscapes and interiors. It is noteworthy that professional designers often work with FloorPlan 3D, which indicates its high functionality and advantages. Information is automatically created not only about the quantity, but also the cost of materials, levels and floors are designed, texts, roofs, windows and stairs are added, the library is very extensive. There are several versions. Works with effects such as snow and rain, the sketch can be viewed from any angle, and the design can be designed down to the smallest details.

This program can be called shareware - you can use it only for 30 days from the moment of installation, after which, if you wish, you should buy a license. CyberMotion 3D-Designer 13 allows you to create three-dimensional models, animation, and rendering. The program is used not only for creating projects and designing houses, you can simply do animation, making your own characters.

Among more specialized programs, one can note Sweet Home 3D, created specifically for modeling interior design, as well as LIRA-SAPR 2013, designed for calculating the load on building structures.