What language is spoken in Armenia. Armenian is the state language in Armenia. Rivers and lakes of Armenia
Armenia is an amazing state, which is one of the most ancient on Earth. There really is something to see here for tourists, no matter what their taste. In addition, Armenia is the first Christian state in the world. On the territory of this country there are many architectural monuments, ancient churches and incredibly beautiful places that enchant with their landscapes. But the pearl of Armenia, of course, is its capital – Yerevan.
In Yerevan, you can find an activity that you like, from a cozy gazebo near a fire in the backyard of a small hotel to noisy parties in the most popular nightclubs in Yerevan. There is everything for a great holiday, and if you know the Armenian language, traveling to this country will bring you even more pleasure.
But thanks to our website, you can, without studying the Armenian language, ask any question to local residents and also easily answer the question asked to you. We bring to your attention an excellent Russian-Armenian phrasebook, which contains only truly necessary words and phrases, so that you can instantly find what you need by opening a suitable topic. There are several such topics.
Appeals
| Hello | Barev dzez |
| Good morning | Bari Louis |
| Good afternoon (evening) | Bari or/bari eko |
| Goodbye | Stesutsyun |
| How are you? | Gorzert Wonzen? |
| Thank you | Shnorakalyutyun |
| Please | Hndrem |
| Sorry | Knerek |
| What is your name? | Inchpesa dzer anune? |
| My name is… | Im anune... |
| Do you understand Russian? | Duk haskanumek ruseren? |
| Does anyone here speak Russian? | Inchvor mek haskanuma ruseren? |
| I do not understand | Es dzez than haskanum |
| What do you recommend to see in the city? | Inch khorurd ktak ate kahakum? |
| Yes | Ayo |
| No | Watch |
Numerals
| Zero | Zro |
| One | Mek |
| Two | Erku |
| Three | Erek |
| Four | Cheers |
| Five | Hink |
| Six | Wetz |
| Seven | Yot |
| Eight | Ut |
| Nine | Ine |
| Ten | Tas |
| Twenty | Xan |
| Thirty | Eresun |
| Fourty | Karasun |
| Fifty | Isun |
| Sixty | Watsun |
| Seventy | Yotanasun |
| Eighty | Utanasun |
| Ninety | Inesun |
| One hundred | Arur |
| Thousand | Hazard |
Food
| Breakfast | Nahachas |
| Bun | Rolls |
| Sandwich | Sandwich |
| Jam/Jam | Muraba |
| Boiled ham | Yepvac akhtats mis (ham) |
| Dried/raw ham | Khozapukht/um hozapukht |
| Smoked ham with spices and aromatic herbs | Tskhatsrats khozapukht (ham) amemunknerov ev anushaot hoter |
| Mushrooms | Sunk |
| Kefir/yogurt | Kefir/yogurt |
| Boiled sausage | Epvac brush |
| Dry sausage | Chor brush |
| Honey | Mehr |
| Whole milk | Kat normal |
| Skim milk | Ztvats kat |
| Omelette | Omelette |
| Cookie | Tkhvatskablit |
| Unleavened cottage cheese | Kakhtsr katnashor |
| Butter | Karag |
| Straw | Dzohikner |
| Young cheese | Eritasard paneer |
| Young cheese Mozzarella | Eritasard Paneer Mozzarella |
| Hard cheese | Chor paneer |
| Dutch cheese | Paneer Olandakan |
| Parmesan cheese | Paneer Parmesan |
| Cheddar type cheese | Paneer Chadler cleavers |
| Emental cheese | Paneer Ementalakan |
| Bread | AC |
| White bread | Spitak ac |
| Black bread | Sev ac |
| Egg | Dzu |
| Fried eggs | Tsvatseh |
| Scrambled eggs with brisket | Krttsamsov tsvatseh |
| Fried egg | Dzvadzekh fried eggs |
| Scrambled eggs | Terum zu |
| Hard boiled eggs | Pind epvac zu |
In public places
| How much does it cost? | Sa inch arji? |
| I take this | Yes we will come back |
| Where is the market? | BVortehe shukan? |
| I would like to buy | Let's understand Arnhem |
| I do not like it | Indz sa dur chi galis |
| Can I see the menu? | Yes karokhem ate menun? |
| Bon appetit | Bari akhorzhak |
| Soup | Bowls |
| Hot dish | So chashatesak |
| Garnish | Garnish |
| Tea/coffee/juice | Tey/coffee/hyut |
| Beer/wine | Garejur/gini |
| Beef / pork / fish / chicken | Tavari mis/hozi miss/dzuk/hav |
| Children's menu | Mankakan menu |
| Please give me the bill | Khntrumem tvek gnatsutsake |
| Do you accept credit cards? | Duk entunumek credit card? |
| It was delicious | Ameninch shat amover |
| Where is the hotel nearby? | Vortehe amenamot hyuranotse? |
| How many? | Inchkan? |
| What is the price? | Inch argy? |
| Who? | Ov? |
| What? | Inch? |
| How? | Inchpes? |
| Where? | Vortech? |
| When? | Erb? |
| Why? | Inchu? |
| I wanted to buy | Yes tsankanum eat (uzum eat) gnel |
| I just want to watch. | Yes tsankanum eat (uzum eat) miayn ate. |
| Show me... (this) | Tsuits tvek…(ice apranke) |
| Where is…? | Vortech e gtnevum...? |
| I need size 37. | Indz arkavor e 37 (eresunyot) amare |
| I need a men's (women's) suit | Indz arkavor e thamardu (knoch) costume |
| Too big (small) | Chapazants metz (cover) |
| Too long (short). | Chapazants erkar (karch) |
| Can I try this on? | Karoh eat sa portzel? |
| Where is the fitting room? | Vortech e undertsarane? |
| I would like a light brown color. | Yes ktsankanai |
| I'll take that, thanks. | Sa es kvertsnem, shnorakalutyun |
| Can I pay in dollars? | Kareli and vcharel dollars? |
| Give me Tax Free, please. | Dzevakerpek indz, hndrum eat, Tax Free |
| Could you give me a discount? | Duk cheik zehchi indz? |
| Where can I buy…? | Vortech karoh eat gnel...? |
| Please give me a receipt | Tvek indz, khndrum eat, checke |
| In the bank | Bankum |
| Bank | Bank |
| Where can I find a bank? | Vortech e gtnevum banke? |
| Money | Poh |
| Exchange rate | Dramapohanakmak course |
| What exchange rate... | Inchkan e (workan e) dramapohanakmak kurse... |
| Euro | Euro |
| Dollar | Dollar |
| How much money can I change? | Vorkan gumar karoh eat es pohel? |
| Exchange tax | Wark |
| Receipt | Andorragir |
| Is it possible to open an account...? | Enaravor e ashiv batsel...? |
| …in dollars | ...dollars |
| …In Euro | ...euros |
| At the hotel | Yuranotsum |
| Hotel | Yuranots |
| My number | Im amare |
| Hanger | Kahich |
| Door | Dur |
| Hot water | So jur |
| Cold water | Sare Jur |
| Shower | Shower |
| Tap | Tzorak |
| Soap | Ochar |
| Clean | Makur |
| Dirty | Kekhtot |
| Garbage | Ahb |
| Window | Patuan |
| Blanket | Vermak |
| Ashtray | Mohraman |
| Pillow | Bartz |
| Towel | Srbic |
| Cover | Tsatskots |
| Radio | Radio |
| Light | Luys |
| TV | Erustatsuits |
| Toilet | Zugaran |
| Toilet paper | Zugarani tukht |
| sheet | Shroud |
| Cup | Bazak |
| Anything doesn't work | Inch thief ban chi ashkhatum |
| Noise | Ahmuk |
| Wake you up tomorrow morning | Artnatsrek vakhe aravotyan |
| On the beach | Tsovapum |
| Beach | Tsovap |
| Rescuer | Prkic |
| Help! | Firecracker! |
| Finely | Sahr |
| Deep | Hore |
| Swimsuit | Lohasgest |
| Are there jellyfish here? | Eisteh kan meduzaner? |
| Are there crabs here? | Istech kan krabner? |
| Where is the changing cabin located? | Vortekh e gtnvum undertsarane/zgestapohman tnake? |
| Where is the shower? | Vortech e gtnvum soul? |
| I am looking for the restroom. | Vortech e gtnvum zugarane? |
| Beach bar | Tsovapnya bar |
| How to get to the beach? | Inchpes asnel tsovap? |
| Paid beach | Vcharovi tsovap |
| Free beach | Azat tsovap |
| What is the price: | Inch argy: |
| Place on the first line | Arajin gtsi vra gtnvoh tehe |
| Place behind the first line | Arajin gtsi etevum gtnvoh tehe |
| Half a day | Kes or |
| One day | Mek or |
| One week, two, three | Mek Shabbat, erku, erek |
| Month | Amis |
| Included in the price: | Gnatsutsaki sword mtnum e: |
| Umbrella | Ovanotse |
| Chaise lounge | Chaise lounge |
| Sun lounger | Parkelatekh |
| Where can you rent: | Vortech Kareli e Vardzel: |
| boat | Nawak |
| Jet moto | Jarain Moto |
| Water bicycle | Jarain Etsaniv |
| Water skiing | Jarain Daukner |
| I lost my child | Im erehan korel e |
In transport
| How much does the ticket cost? | Tomse inch argy? |
| How do I get there...? | Vonz asnem...? |
| I'm lost, I need to go... | Yes molorvelem, es petka antsnem... |
| Where is…? | Vortehe gtnvum...? |
| I would like to visit… | Let's understand ycelel... |
| Please show on the map | Khntrumem tsuits tvek kartezi vra |
| Does this train/bus stop at...? | Es gnatske /buse kange arnum...? |
| Train Station | Erkatukhain kayaran |
| Bus station | Kayaran buses |
| Cash register | Drumarch |
| Departure | Meknum |
| Arrival | Jamanel |
| Transfer | Tehapohum |
| Stop | Kangar |
| Airport - arrival | Odanavakayan-inknatiri zhamanum |
| Airplane | Iknatir |
| Airport | Odanawakayan |
| Arrival | Inknatiri Zhamanum |
| Ticket | Toms |
| Voucher | Voucher |
| Visa | Visa |
| Documentation | Pastatter |
| Passport | Andznagir |
| I have a visa for two weeks | Im visan erku shabbat e |
| Individual visa | Andznakan visa |
| Collective visa | Team visa |
| Where is luggage collected? | Vortech en stanum uhebere? |
| Where is our bus? | Vortech e mer buse? |
| Airport - departure | Odanavakayan-trichk |
| Where is the airport? | Vortech e (gtnvum) odanawakayane? |
| Is there a flight to...? | Trichk-ka depi...? |
| What time does the plane leave for...? | Zhamais kanisin e inknatire trchum depi...? |
| Landing announced? | Trichke aitarravats e? |
| Has registration started? | Grantsume sksvel eh? |
| When does the plane arrive at...? | Erb e zhamanum inknatire...? |
| Where can I stamp for TAX-FREE? | Worteh en khpum (dnum) Tax Free (chearkvoh ireri) knik? |
| Where can I get money from TAX-FREE? | Vortech Kareli e stanal Tax Free (chearkvoh) irerits gumare? |
| Baggage | Ber/uheber |
| Hand luggage | Dzerki tsanrots |
| Where is luggage checked in? | Vortekh en dzevakerpum uhebere? |
| How many kilograms of luggage can I carry? | Vorkan kilogram uheber kareli e tanel (antskatsnel)? |
| How much does a kilogram of overweight luggage cost? | Inch arge uheberi (take) kilograme, kashe antsnelu depkum? |
| Baggage tag | Uheberi ashvepaitike |
| Boarding pass | Nstaktron (boarding pass) |
| Customs | Maksatun |
| customs control | Maxain veraeskum |
| Passport | Antsnagir |
| Identification | Anzi vkayakan |
| Green map | Kanach cards |
| I have nothing to declare | Vocinch chunem deklavorelu |
| This is my baggage | Sa im berne |
| These are my personal things | Sa im andznakan irernen |
| Present | Nwerner |
| Product samples | Apranki orinakner |
| Need to open a suitcase/bag? | Arkavor e batsel champruke/payusake? |
| Can I close it? | Kareli e pakel? |
| Where can I get a green card? | Vortech e Kareli Patrastel Kanach Kart? |
| Car rent | Mekenai Vartsum |
| Automobile | Mekena |
| Car rental | Vartsu mekena |
| I want to rent a car | Es uzum em vartsov mekena vertsnel |
| …On one day | ...mek orov |
| …For a three days | ...erek orov |
| ...for a week | ...mek of Shabbat |
| …for a month | ...mek amsov |
| …cheap | ...ejan |
| ...with economical fuel consumption | ...varelanuti tntesvac tsakhsov |
| …big | ...Metz |
| Unlimited mileage | Ansaamanak vazk |
| Insurance | Apaovagrutyun |
| Insurance against damage in the event of an accident, both for my car and for another victim | Im inchpes naev ail tuzhatsi mekenai apaovagrum, vtari ardyunkum statsvats vnasits |
| Theft and fire insurance | Apaovagrutyun arevangumits ev erdeits |
| Urban transport | Kahakain transport |
| Bus | Bus |
| Trolleybus | Trolleybus |
| Tram | Tram |
| Minibus | Minibus |
| Ticket | Toms |
| Where are tickets sold? | Tomsere vorteh en vacharvum? |
| Stop | Kangar |
| Where does the bus stop? | Worteh e kangnum buse? |
| How often does the bus pass? | Workan achah e antsnum buse? |
| Vortekh en dakum tomsere? | |
| Fine | Tugank |
| Where should you get off? | Vortech e petk ichnel? |
| At what stop? | Thief Kangarum? |
| Train and railway station | Gnatsk ev erkatukhain kayaran |
| Train | Gnack |
| Railway carriage | Railway carriage |
| Where is the train station? | Vortech e gtnvum erkatuhain kayarane? |
| Where are the train departure/arrival schedules? | Vortech e gtnevum gnatskneri meknman ev zhamanman tsutsake? |
| When does the train leave for.../arrive the train from...? | Erb e meknum gnatske.../erb e zhamanum gnatske...? |
| What train should I take to get to...? | Vor gnatske petk e nstel, vorpisi...asnel? |
| In which direction is this train going? | Thief uhutyamb e gnum ice gnatske? |
| Stop | Kangar |
| Ticket office | Tomsarkkh |
| Ticket | Toms |
| Where are tickets sold? | Vortekh en vacharvum tomsere? |
| Please, two tickets/one return ticket | Khndrum eat, erku toms/mek toms etadarts |
| Only there | Miayn mi uhutyamb |
| Where do I need to validate my tickets? | Vortech e kareli dakel tomsere? |
| From which track does the train depart to...? | Vor gtsits e meknum gnatske depi...? |
| Which station do I need to get off at to get to...? | Vor kangarum petk e ichnem, vorposi asnem...? |
| Direct train | Uhih gnatsk depi... |
| Where do I need to transfer? | Vortech petk e pohem transporte? |
| Is there a sleeping car/restaurant? | Ka, ardek, nanchavagon/restaurant carriage? |
| Automobile | Mekena |
| Road map | Chanaparain cartez |
| Free parking | Anvchar autokangar |
| Paid parking | Vcharovi autokangar |
| Can I park my car here? | Eisteh kareli e makena kangnetsnel? |
| Where is the nearest gas station? | Vortech e gtnevum motaka ltsakayane (gas station) |
| Fill the tank full | Ltsrek bake minchev vertch (lriv) |
| Check oil level/water level | Stugek yuhi makardake/jri makardake |
| I had an accident | Yes autovtari sword eat enkel |
| How much does it cost to repair a car? | Inch arzhi mekenai veranorokume? |
| I need a mechanic | Indz mechanic e arkavor |
| My car is insured in... | Im avtomekenan apaovavarts e... |
| Taxi | Taxi |
| I need a taxi | Indz taxi e anrajesht |
| Please call a taxi | Taxi kanchek, let's laugh |
| How long will it take for the taxi to arrive? | Vorkan zhamanakits taxin kg? |
| Where is the nearest taxi stand? | Vortech e gtnevum motaka taksaparke? |
| You are free? | Duk azat ek? |
| Please take my things | Vertsrek, khndrum eat, im bere |
| Take me to this address | Tarek indz ice asceov |
| Go straight | Uhih gnacek |
| Turn left/right | Ah tekvek/dzakh |
| I am late | Yes we eat |
| I'm in hurry | I eat shtapum |
| Faster Please | Arag, I eat khndrum |
| Stop here please | I eat khndrum, eisteh ration (kangnek) |
| How much do I owe you? | Inchkan petk eh there? |
| Can I pay in dollars? | Kareli and dollars? |
Emergencies
Road signs
Colors
Greetings, general expressions - any cultured person should be able to start a conversation; this section contains all the words needed for this, as well as general phrases that will be useful during direct communication.
Numbers and numbers - translation of numbers from zero to thousand, and their correct pronunciation.
Shops, hotels and restaurants are the most frequently used words and phrases when visiting shops and restaurants, as well as translating the names of food products. In addition, here are phrases that will help you check in and stay comfortably at the hotel.
Transport - translation of words that you will need when traveling by transport, or words with which you can find out the price of a ticket or how to get to the nearest stop, and which bus route to choose.
List of colors - translation and pronunciation of all the colors of the rainbow and their shades.
Contingency – A section that any hiker should keep on hand. Here are phrases that can help out in the most difficult situations. You can call for help, find out where the nearest police station or hospital is, and so on.
Food theme - translation of the most purchased and common food products.
Armenia - country South Caucasus, located in the north-west of the Armenian Highlands, called historical Armenia, between Black and Caspian seas.
Framed by ridges from the north and east Lesser Caucasus.
Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan, in an interview with the Public Television Company on Tuesday, finally answered a number of questions regarding Armenia's relations in the Eurasian Union. He noted that joining the Customs Union will happen in the same way as joining all other international organizations.
Borders with Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran And Turkey.
Despite the fact that geographically Armenia located in Asia, it has close political And cultural connections with Europe.
An attempt to attribute the Armenian language to any language group did not lead to anything. It formed a separate group of the Indo-European language family. The modern Armenian alphabet was invented by Mesrop Mashtots in the 4th century. Its creation was not a simple copying of already existing alphabets. Mashtots and his students, among whom was Moses Khorensky, carried out extensive scientific research. Young people were sent to Persia, Egypt, Greece, and Rome, whose goal was to deeply study the language, its sound series and the correspondence of the sound with its letter designation.
It was a kind of multi-year linguistic expedition, at the end of which information was collected and processed, on the basis of which the original Armenian alphabet was created. Its accuracy and uniqueness have been proven over the centuries: it is known that the linguistic composition of speech changes over time, the ancient language becomes “dead” (ancient Greek, Latin), but the uniqueness of the Mashtots alphabet allows us today to speak fluently in ancient Armenian and read ancient Armenian manuscripts. Although the vocabulary of the language has changed, its sound range has remained the same, and all the richness of speech sounds is embodied in the Armenian alphabet. Mesrop Mashtots is also the creator of the Georgian alphabet.
Until recently, it was believed that before the advent of the Mashtots alphabet, Armenians used Persian scripts, and previously did not have their own written language. Indeed, during the reign of the Arsacids - a dynasty that had close blood ties with the Persian kings - official documents and correspondence were conducted in Persian, and there are more ancient writing the Armenians did not have to due to the lack of “material evidence”. More recently, at the end of last year, a group of young scientists from Yerevan made an attempt to decipher the previously almost unreadable writings of Urartu.
The key was the ancient Armenian language. Unfortunately, there are no official publications on this issue in our press yet, but there is a high probability that the Urartu cuneiform was the oldest alphabet of the Armenians. There is also some information that before Mesrop Mashtots there was a certain Armenian alphabet consisting of 28 letters, which absolutely did not correspond to the sound series of the Armenian language. Mashtots' alphabet consists of 36 letters.
Speaking about Armenian writing, one cannot fail to mention the first Armenian historians and writers, thanks to whom much of antiquity has survived to this day. The oldest Armenian historian is considered to be Mar - Ibas - Katina, the secretary of King Vagharshak I. Having received permission from the Persian king Arshak to study in the archives of Nineveh, where the libraries of Babylon captured by the Persians were kept, Mar - Ibas, based on Chaldean sources, wrote the history of Armenia from the first kings to Tigran I. This work came to us only in lists.
Agathangel - secretary of King Trdat, who wrote the history of the spread of Christianity in Armenia (IV century). Gregory the Illuminator - author of a collection of sermons and prayers in Armenian. Postus Buzand - compiled the history of Armenia from 344 - 392. Mesrop Mashtots - in collaboration with Catholicos Sahak, translated the Holy Scriptures into Armenian, author of the Breviary (known as Mashdots) and the Festive Menaion. Moses Khorensky is the author of the history of Armenia in 4 books. Yeghishe - left to his descendants a description of the wars of the Armenians with the Persians between 439 - 463. Lazar Parbetsi - history of Armenia 388 - 484. David the Invincible - philosophical works on principles. Among the authors of the 7th century: Ioannes Mamikonyan - the history of the Mamikonian princes. Shirakatsi - nicknamed the Arithmetician, astronomer, compiler of the Armenian calendar. Moses II is the author of grammar and rhetoric. VIII century: John Ocnetziator of teachings against heresies. XI century: Thomas Artsruni - history of the house of Artsruni; historians John VI, Moses Kagkantovotsi; Gregory Magistros is the author of the Grammar of the Armenian language and the poetic transcription of the “history of the Old and New Testaments”; Aristakes Lasdiverdzi - “history of Armenia and neighboring cities” (988 - 1071). XII century: Samuel - compiler of chronologies from the creation of the world to 1179. Physician Mkhitar - “Consolation in fever.” Nerses Klaetsi is a patriarch, theologian, and author of a poetic translation of the Bible, including 8,000 verses. Mkhitar Gosh is the author of 190 fables, the Code of Church and Civil Laws. XIII century: Stefan Orbelian - Bishop of Syunik, author of the elegy “Lamentation for Etchmiadzin”. Vartan the Great is the author of “General History from the Creation of the World to 1267.” “Kirakos Kanzaketsi - described the devastation of the city of Ani by the Mongols in 1230 and the flight of the Armenians to Astrakhan, Trebizond, and Poland. Magakia Apega - described the Tatar invasions of Asia before 1272. Mkhitar Anetsi - gave rich information on the history of Armenia, Georgia, Persia and translated astronomy from Persian. Aristakes is the author of “the science or instructions on how to write correctly” and the “Dictionary of the Armenian Language”. The 14th century brought terrible trials to the Armenian people.
Armenia always was at the crossroads connecting Europe And Asia, therefore it is considered as transcontinental states.
Armenian language is an Indo-European language, amazing in its nature and origin. The Armenian language has main feature– it is not spoken by those who cannot consider themselves among the Armenian people. Thanks to this feature and having heard the Armenian language somewhere, one can safely draw a conclusion about the nationality of those who speak Armenian. Only in rare cases will you be able to see in front of you not an Armenian, but a person who, for one reason or another, is interested in the Armenian language.
History of origin and development.
The Armenian language arose simultaneously with the emergence of the Armenian people. For many years, historians have argued, and are still arguing to this day, to which group of languages the ancient Armenian language can be classified. However, more and more historians and philologists are coming to the conclusion that the Armenian language is quite difficult to attribute to any ancient group of languages. It is not like Greek, Syrian or Persian. More and more researchers are coming to the conclusion that the Armenian language has absorbed the features of the dialects of the peoples living on the territory of the Armenian Highlands.
Until the moment when in the 5th century it appears armenian alphabet, all knowledge is given in Syriac, Greek or Persian. After returning from the famous expedition, from which he actually brought the improved Armenian alphabet, the Armenian language begins to enter all spheres of life of the people. The Armenian alphabet is taught, literacy is taught, children are taught to write calligraphically all the letters of the Armenian alphabet, which gave a tangible impetus to the Armenian language.
Scientists and clergy, writers and poets write their works in the Armenian language, glorifying and praising it. It is believed that by the end of the 5th century everyone, without exception, introduced the Armenian language into their daily life. It is generally accepted that since then the Armenian people began to speak one dialect. Despite such rapid progress and development of the language, all the works of scientists were handwritten and few could get into the hands of anyone. The first book published in Armenian was published in the 16th century.
Historians and researchers of the Armenian language also note that since its inception, the Armenian language has been divided into Western and Eastern. The Western Armenian language was used in their speech by the Armenian people located in the territory of Turkey and its colonies Western Europe. The Eastern dialect was used in Armenia itself and by those Armenians who were in Russia. In general, the languages did not differ from each other on such a large scale, but they still had some features. A large number of distorted words from both dialects were mixed with each other during the huge number of persecutions of the Armenian people. The words of one dialect were intertwined with the main Armenian language and transported along with the Armenians to where the long journey lay ahead. That is why a huge number of researchers do not undertake to subtly distinguish between dialects.
Of course, the development of the Armenian language can be easily traced through the works of scientists, writers, poets, and through the first published books. But at the same time, no one can say with complete confidence about the origin of certain words in the new Armenian language, which to this day is the state language of the Republic of Armenia.
Other nationalities about the Armenian language.
Russian citizens living on the territory of Armenia say that you begin to understand the Armenian language intuitively after constantly hearing it.
Olga, housewife from Yerevan: “I have been married to an Armenian for 20 years and not once during these 20 years have I expressed a desire to learn the Armenian language. My husband didn’t force me, he speaks excellent Russian, so we don’t have a language barrier. Considering that Russian speech is perfectly understood in Armenia, it is, of course, quite simple for me. But after 5 years of living in the republic, I realized that I was beginning to understand the Armenian language. Some consonances with Russian words, but with specific endings, allow you to understand what we are talking about. At some points it’s completely unclear, but I’m not upset, my husband translates everything for me.”
Some tourists coming to Armenia for the first time are pleasantly surprised by the unity of the Armenian people. Among themselves, Armenians speak only their native Armenian language, mixing some Russian words into their speech. At the same time, not a single Armenian will embarrass a guest if he does not know or understand the language. The Armenian language is intertwined with the hospitality and cordiality of the Armenians. If you ask an Armenian in Russian, they will most likely answer you in Russian too. Even with an accent, with incorrect declension and cases, but you will be able to understand your interlocutor.
There are also peoples in Armenia who do not speak Armenian. Despite the fact that Armenian is the state language in the republic, Armenians are not distinguished by a fanatical attitude towards ensuring that absolutely all peoples and nationalities living on the territory of Armenia speak only the Armenian language. Armenia is a multinational republic and residents speak Armenian, Russian, Ukrainian, Kurdish, Syrian. It is noteworthy that the Kurds in Armenia use the Armenian alphabet when writing.
Armenian language in other countries and states.
Everyone knows very well that the Armenians, during numerous persecutions and relocations, settled in different parts of the planet. In almost every city you can find an Armenian, people with Armenian roots and origin. Due to circumstances, Armenians are forced to adapt to different mentalities and get along with different people. It is worth noting that thanks to his natural charm, every Armenian can easily make friends with any person. In every city, every country and republic, an Armenian community is organized, which in turn form a large Armenian diaspora. A distinctive feature of the Armenian communities is that they want to preserve with all their might cultural heritage of his people. In distant countries, Armenians in communities study the culture of their own people, the features of the architecture and buildings of Armenia, get together and celebrate national holidays. The Armenian language is studied at will by members of the community. Some see the Armenian alphabet for the first time and learn to write in Armenian, which does not prevent them from taking up this task with enthusiasm.
It is noteworthy that the Armenians different countries They speak only Armenian to each other. For them, this is a sign of unity, some form of mutual assistance and support for each other. Having heard a fragment of native speech, an Armenian can easily start talking to the stranger who uttered this phrase. They won’t look at him askance, they won’t walk away in fear, a lively, sincere conversation will begin, seeing which outsiders won’t even think that these two met for the first time in their lives a few minutes ago.
The main feature of some Armenians is the fact that confidently using the Armenian language in their speech, they may not know the Armenian alphabet and may not be able to write in Armenian. This often depends on the area and country in which they live. Those who were born in Armenia and then went to Russia or another country with their parents simply do not consider it necessary to write in Armenian, since this skill is useful only to those who live in their homeland. Immigrants from Armenia use this skill more as a tribute to their people, a skill that will come in handy someday. Some Armenians also do not know how to read Armenian books, poems, works, but they are not at all upset about this, since almost all modern works can be found in translation.
Thus, we can conclude that the Armenian language is, although the main criterion that allows an Armenian to feel like an Armenian, but not the fundamental one. Armenians are loyal to the inability of their compatriots to read and write in Armenian. Probably, Armenians value something else in knowing their own language - the ability to speak, understand their loved ones, friends, and compatriots. And if something happens, help someone who wants to become one step closer to the Armenian culture and nationality learn all the intricacies of the language.
Small Armenia connects Europe with Asia. Once upon a time, Armenia was one of the largest states in the Middle East and Transcaucasia, which competed with the Parthian kingdom and Ancient Rome. Now Armenia is a modern country with hospitable people, ancient history, a huge number of historical monuments, rich culture, delicious food, beautiful nature. In addition, there are several ski and balneological resorts in Armenia.
Geography of Armenia
Armenia is located in Transcaucasia. In the west, Armenia borders with Turkey, in the east with Azerbaijan and Karabakh, in the north with Georgia, and in the south with Iran. The total area of this country is 29,743 square meters. km., and the total length of the state border is 1,254 km. Armenia has no access to the sea.
Armenia occupies part of the territory of the Armenian Highlands. We can safely say that Armenia is a mountainous country. The highest peak in Armenia is Mount Aragats, whose height reaches 4,095 meters. Previously, Mount Ararat belonged to Armenia, but now this peak is located in Turkey. The most beautiful mountains of Armenia are adjacent to numerous valleys. The largest of them is the Ararat Valley.
There are more than 9 thousand rivers in Armenia, of course, most of them are small. But the largest river in Transcaucasia, the Araks, flows through the territory of Armenia.
Svan Lake is a 2-hour drive from Yerevan. This lake is the pride of every Armenian.
Capital
Since ancient times, the capital of Armenia has been Yerevan, which is now home to about 1.2 million people. Archaeologists claim that people lived on the territory of modern Yerevan already in the 8th century BC.
Official language of Armenia
The official language in Armenia is Armenian, which belongs to the Indo-European language family.
Religion
Most of the population of Armenia are Orthodox Christians (they belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church).
State structure of Armenia
According to the current Constitution of 1995, Armenia is a parliamentary republic. Its head is the President, elected for 5 years.
In Armenia, the local unicameral Parliament is called the National Assembly (131 deputies). Members of the National Assembly are elected by popular vote for a 5-year term.
The main political parties in Armenia are the Republican Party of Armenia, Prosperous Armenia, the Armenian National Congress, and the Land of Law.
Climate and weather
Almost the entire territory of Armenia is located in a continental, high-mountain climate. Only in the south of Armenia the climate is subtropical. In the mountains, in summer the average air temperature ranges from +10C to +22C, and in winter – from +2C to -14C. On the plains in January the average air temperature is -5C, and in July - +25C.
The amount of precipitation depends on the altitude of a particular region of Armenia. On average, annual precipitation falls from 200 to 800 mm in Armenia.
The best time to visit Armenia is from May to October.
Rivers and lakes of Armenia
More than 9 thousand rivers flow through the territory of Armenia. Most of them are small. The largest river in Armenia is the Araks, which is considered the largest in the entire Transcaucasus.
Relatively close to Yerevan, about a 2-hour drive, is Lake Svan. Every Armenian is proud of this lake, almost as proud as Mount Ararat, although it now belongs to Turkey.
History of Armenia
People on the territory of modern Armenia already lived in the Bronze Age. In the VIII-VI centuries BC. e. On the territory of modern Armenia there was the state of Urartu.
In the II century. BC e. several Armenian states were formed - Sophena, as well as Great Armenia and Little Armenia.
In 301 BC. Christianity became the state religion of Armenia. In the early Middle Ages, Armenia was part of the Arab Caliphate.
In the 9th-11th centuries, several states existed on the territory of modern Armenia - the Ani kingdom, the Vaspurakan kingdom, the Kars kingdom, the Syunik kingdom, and the Tashir-Dzoraget kingdom.
In the 11th-16th centuries, Armenia was part of the empire of the Seljuk Turks, the Georgian kingdom, and the Oghuz tribal union. In the 16th-19th centuries, the territory of Armenia was divided between Iran and Ottoman Empire.
According to the Turkmanchay Peace Treaty of 1828, most of Armenia was included in Russian Empire. Only in 1918 was the independent Republic of Armenia formed, which then became part of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. In 1922, Armenia became part of the USSR.
At the end of the 1980s, sentiments about secession from the USSR became strong in Armenia. As a result, in September 1991, Armenia declared its independence.
In 1992, Armenia became a member of the UN.
Culture
Armenia only became an independent country in 1991. Before that, for many centuries it was part of the USSR, the Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Iran, the Georgian Kingdom, and the Empire of the Seljuk Turks. All these states tried to “blur” Armenian culture and impose their cultural traditions on the residents of Armenia. However, despite this, the Armenians managed to preserve their identity, their customs and traditions.
Every winter, Armenians celebrate the Valentine's Day Trndez. On this day, in order to be happy, Armenians need to jump over the fire.
Another interesting Armenian festival is the summer “water festival” Vardavar. On this day, Armenians splash water on each other; it is believed that in this way girls and boys attract each other’s attention (i.e. it is a holiday for lovers). The origins of the Vardavar holiday go back to the times when Armenia was not a Christian country.
Kitchen
Armenians are very proud of their cuisine, and it should be noted that it is deservedly so. The main food products are meat, vegetables, dairy products (especially salted cheese), fish, fruits, and lavash bread. In Armenian cuisine, much attention is paid to spices.
When Armenians have nowhere to rush, they take a very long time to have lunch. The main reason for this tradition is table conversation.
In Armenia, we definitely recommend that tourists (along with shish kebab) try the following dishes:
- “Tolma” - lamb in grape leaf;
- “Putuk” - lamb soup;
- “Khash” - beef soup;
- “Kufta” - meat balls;
- “Basturma” - dried beef meat.
In addition, in Armenia they cook very tasty trout from Lake Svan - try it. In general, fish dishes in Armenia are all very tasty.
Very tasty fruits and berries are grown in Armenia - peaches, plums, apples, pears, cherry plums, cherries, dogwoods, grapes.
Traditional soft drinks in Armenia are “Tarragon”, fruit juices, mineral water, dairy drinks (kefir, yogurt).
Excellent wines and cognacs are made in Armenia. Try it and you will see for yourself.
Sights of Armenia
According to official data, there are now about 26 thousand historical and architectural monuments in Armenia. Since 2005, a national program for the restoration of architectural and historical monuments has been implemented in Armenia. Thus, in 2012 alone, in Armenia, at the expense of the state budget, 9 medieval monuments were restored (for example, the Church of St. Hovhannes and the Kobayravank Monastery of the 12th century were restored). In our opinion, the Top 10 best Armenian attractions may include the following:
Cities and resorts
The largest Armenian cities are Gyumri, Vanadzor, and, of course, Yerevan.
There are a lot of mineral springs in Armenia, and, as a result, balneological resorts. The most popular of them is Arzni, located 10 kilometers from Yerevan. Among other balneological and mountain climatic resorts in Armenia, Hankavan, Vanadzor, Arevik, Jermuk, Arevik, Tsakhkadzor, and Dilijan should be noted.
Since Armenia is a mountainous country, it is not surprising that it has several ski resorts. Thus, 40 kilometers from Yerevan is the Tsakhkadzor ski resort, which has 12 kilometers of ski slopes. By the way, the ski season at the Tsaghkadzor ski resort lasts from mid-November to mid-April.
Souvenirs/shopping
Tourists from Armenia usually bring products folk art, Armenian musical instruments (zurna, tar, shvi, dool, duduk), Armenian headdresses, wine horn, backgammon (for example, walnut backgammon), and, of course, Armenian cognac, as well as wine.
Office hours
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Books
- Studies on Greek paleography and codicologists, IV - XIX centuries. , Fonkich Boris Lvovich. The work includes studies of Greek manuscript books of the 4th-19th centuries. and Greek documents of the XIV-XVIII centuries. mainly repositories in Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as collections in Ukraine, Georgia and...
- Research on Greek paleography and codicology of the 4th–19th centuries. , B. L. Fonkich. The work includes studies of Greek manuscript books of the 4th-19th centuries. and Greek documents of the XIV-XVIII centuries. mainly repositories in Moscow and St. Petersburg, as well as collections in Ukraine, Georgia and...